Med. Term Ch.7-8 – Flashcards
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What is the advantage of the biconcave shape of the red blood cell?
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The shape enables a more rapid flow of gases into and out of the cell.
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What is the abbreviation for immunoglobulin?
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Ig
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Which of the following words has an element that means blood?
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hemostasis
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What is the term for an immediate, severe, allergic response?
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anaphylaxis
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What is not true about complement fixation?
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complement fixation occurs in the digestive system
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What does the suffix of the word vaccination mean?
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process
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Which of the following terms has a suffix that means deficiency?
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neutropenia
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What condition occurs when the clotting mechanism is activated simultaneously throughout the cardiovascular system?
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disseminated intravascular coagulation
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What is the meaning of the Latin origin for the term immune?
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protected from
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Discrimination on the part of the immune system between "self" and "nonself" develops when?
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before birth
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Which of the following terms has a word element meaning clot?
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thrombocytopenia
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Tissue swelling caused by lymphatic obstruction is called:
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lymphedema
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Which of the following does NOT influence red blood cell production?
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glucose
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Which of the following statements is true regarding blood plasma?
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Plasma is 91% water.
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What medical term means to make resistant to an infectious disease?
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immunize
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What are the two main lymphocytes?
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T cells and B cells
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Hypersplenism causes what to happen in the bloodstream?
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a decrease in the number of blood cells and platelets
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What happens to the body with a weakened immune system?
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there is a deficient defense against pathogens invading the body
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When the immune system responds to exposure to a pathogen identical to a pathogen to which it has already responded, the response is based upon:
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memory
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What is the term for the study of blood disorders?
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hematology
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Which of the following is NOT part of the body's attempts to control or stop bleeding?
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production of antibodies
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Which type of anemia is a result of vitamin B12 deficiency?
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pernicious anemia
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Which of the following word elements refers to blood?
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-emia
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Mrs. Jones is to have hip surgery next Tuesday. She and her doctor discussed using an autologous blood transfusion. What does this mean for Mrs. Jones?
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Mrs. Jones will be receiving her own blood, which she donated and stored before her surgery.
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What does the suffix of the word splenectomy mean?
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surgical removal of
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What is the term for an excessive number of white blood cells?
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leukocytosis
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Which of the following organs serves as a reservoir for erythrocytes and platelets?
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the spleen
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Which of the following is NOT a function of blood?
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producing albumin
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What does the term dormant mean?
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inactive
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Which of the following is NOT true of the red blood cell?
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It produces antibodies.
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Failure of the suppressor T cells to function properly may result in which process?
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autoimmune disease
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What is the name of a preparation to generate active immunity?
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vaccine
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Which type of laboratory report lists the percentages of the various kinds of leukocytes in a blood sample?
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differential white blood cell count
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In the word, hemoglobinopathy, what does the suffix mean?
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disease
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What does the root of the word attenuated mean?
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to weaken
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What is the medical term that means the state of being protected?
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immunity
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The right lymphatic duct drains into which structure?
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right subclavian vein
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Which white blood cells increase dramatically in bacterial infections?
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neutrophils
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Which of the following words has a suffix that means destruction?
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hemolysis
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Which of the following terms refers to the process of blood clotting?
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coagulation
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Which of the following is NOT transported by the blood?
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pallor
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Which of the following words means deficient in oxygen?
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hypoxic
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Which of the following are found in the lymph nodes and break down the foreign matter that enters the body?
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macrophages
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What is the medical term for a substance that produces hypersensitivity?
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allergen
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When interstitial fluid enters the lymphatic capillaries, it is known as:
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lymph
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Which of the following is an agranulocyte?
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monocyte
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Which of the following items are NOT dissolved in plasma?
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red blood cells
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What is the term for a cancer of the skin often seen in AIDS patients?
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Kaposi sarcoma
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Which blood component plays a key role in hemostasis?
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thrombocytes
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Which of the following is NOT a common means of transmission of HIV?
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mosquito bite
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What does the suffix of the word splenomegaly mean?
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enlarged
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Which of the following is NOT one of the classes of immunity?
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inactive acquired immunity
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What is the term for an exaggerated, abnormal reaction to an allergen?
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hypersensitivity
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Which of the following words has an element that refers to color?
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erythema
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Which of the following terms means the process of ingestion and destruction?
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phagocytosis
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What happens to the red blood cells in hemolytic disease of the newborn?
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excessive destruction of the red blood cells
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What findings in the laboratory blood study indicate that an acute infection may be present?
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leukocytosis
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The lymphatic system absorbs excess interstitial fluid and returns it to what area?
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the bloodstream
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The T in T cells stands for what?
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thymus
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What does the suffix -phil mean?
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attraction
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The large, white blood cell that removes bacteria, foreign particles, and dead cells is known as a(n)
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macrophage
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What is the medical term for a specific protein evoked by an antigen?
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antibody
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A change in the structure or physiology of bacteria in response to an antibiotic is called:
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mutation
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What is the correct spelling of the term that means the surgical removal of the tonsils?
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tonsillectomy
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James Johnson has inherited a blood condition from his mother. He has a deficiency in the coagulation factor called factor VIII. The medical name of Mr. Johnson's condition is:
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hemophilia
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In the term hemoglobin, what does hemo- refer to?
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blood
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What does the plasma cell do?
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It is active in the formation of antibodies.
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The term lymphadenopathy means:
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any disease process affecting a lymph node(s).
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Which statement is NOT true regarding blood?
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Blood volume is relatively constant and does not vary depending upon the individual's body size.
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What term is derived from a Greek word meaning plug orstopper?
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embolus
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Where does bilirubin come from?
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It is from the breakdown of heme, a part of the hemoglobin.
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What is immunodeficiency?
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failure of the immune system
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Where are the lymphatic capillaries and vessels located?
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in the interstitial spaces
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In most hypersensitivity reactions, allergens stimulate the cells to produce:
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histamine
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Which lymphatic tissue is located at the entrance to the oropharynx?
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the tonsil
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Which of the following is the largest lymphatic organ?
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the spleen
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Which of the following words refers to paleness of the skin?
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pallor
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What do all antibodies have in common?
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They are immunoglobulins
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What is another term for platelet?
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thrombocyte
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What does the prefix of the word anemia mean?
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without
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Alice Adams is an African-American who suffers from a chronic illness that causes her blood to have abnormally shaped cells that become sticky, clump together, and block capillaries in her body. What is the medical term for her illness?
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sickle cell anemia
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Where are antigen A and antigen B located?
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on the surface of the red blood cell
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Serum is identical to plasma except that it does NOT contain which item(s)?
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clotting proteins
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Activated B cells are called:
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plasma cells
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Where does erythropoiesis occur?
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in the bone marrow
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What type of bacteria is the usual cause of infection in the tonsils?
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Streptococcus
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What are the areas of concentration of the lymph nodes?
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neck, axilla, and groin
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What is the medical term for the single mass of lymphoid tissue in the midline at the back of the throat?
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adenoid
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What is removed from the tissues by the lymphatic system?
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Cellular Debris
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What organ is located in the upper left quadrant of the abdomen below the diaphragm and lateral to the kidney?
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the spleen
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What does a fibroblast do?
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forms collagen fibers
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In the term agranulocyte, what does the prefix mean?
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without, not
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Which term has a root word element that means split?
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fissure
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What is the plural form of the term bronchus?
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bronchi
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What is the correct spelling of the plural form of the term that means hair-like, motile projections from the surface of a cell?
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cilia
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In the term pneumonia, what does the root mean?
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lung, air
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The upper opening into the larynx from the oropharynx is called the:
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glottis
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Corticosteroids are drugs used in acute cases of ________ and are known as _________ drugs.
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asthma; anti-inflammatories
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What does a mucolytic agent do?
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breaks up thick secretions in the airways
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What does the prefix in the term apnea mean?
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without
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Which of the following words comes from the Latin root meaning to smell?
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olfaction
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What gives red blood cells the red color?
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Hemoglobin
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What is the correct spelling of the term for cancer of the hematopoietic tissues?
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Leukemia
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What is the medical term for the word bruise?
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hematoma
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Where do B lymphocyte cells (B cells) mature?
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in the bone marrow
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Which of the following words means sticking together to form clumps?
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Agglutination
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Which of the following words refers to the protein component of a clot?
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Fibrin
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Which term means the percentage of total blood volume composed of red blood cells?
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hematocrit
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In the term polysomnography, what does the prefix mean?
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many
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Which of the following terms means removal by suction of fluid or gas from a body cavity?
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aspiration
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What is the term that refers to an instrument that measures respiratory volumes?
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spirometer
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Which of the following word elements refers to the nose?
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rhin
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Nancy Gill developed an upper respiratory viral infection that developed into a bacterial infection with thick, yellow, nasal drainage, headache, and low-grade fever. She went to her healthcare practitioner for help. Which of the following is most likely the cause of her problems?
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sinusitis
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Which of the following infections is characterized by a barking cough?
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croup
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The prefix in the word ultrasonography means:
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beyond
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Where is the apex of the lung located?
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above and behind the clavicle
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What does the suffix in the term adenoid mean?
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resembling
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What type of pharmacology is used to relax the smooth muscles of the bronchioles?
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bronchodilators
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Which of the following terms has a suffix that means condition?
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tuberculosis
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In a thoracotomy, through which part of the body is an incision made?
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intercostal area
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Johnny Jones is a 1-year-old who came into the doctor's office with his father. Johnny seemed to be having severe headaches and congestion in his nasal passages. The areas around his eyes were giving Johnny pain. The doctor seemed concerned that Johnny may have which of the following problems after finding signs of inflammation.
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sinusitis
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Which of the following organism(s) is (are) most frequently the cause of tonsillitis?
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virus and/or Streptococcus
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What is the medical term for a nosebleed?
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epistaxis
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What separates each lobe of the lungs?
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fissures
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Snoring occurs most frequently in_________ and becomes worse with ______.
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men; age
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Which of the following is NOT a function of the nose?
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cooling air that enters from the outside
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Which major muscle separates the abdominal cavity from the thoracic cavity?
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diaphragm
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Which of the following terms means removal of a lung?
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pneumonectomy
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The term for a tube from the back of the nose to the larynx is:
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pharynx
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The alveolus is:
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the terminal element of the respiratory tract.
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What surgery removes lung tissue attached to a bronchiole?
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segmental resection
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What is another name for a pleural tap?
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thoracentesis
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Which of the following words refers to the soft, spongy, conical organ of the thorax?
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lung
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What is the correct spelling of the word that means inflammation of the tonsils?
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tonsillitis
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Where is the olfactory region located?
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in the extreme superior region of the nasal cavity
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In the term endotracheal, what does the prefix mean?
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inside
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What is the name of the procedure that is performed to allow the nonbreathing patient to be placed on a ventilator?
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endotracheal intubation
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What does the word atelectasis mean?
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collapse of a part of a lung
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Which of the following words has a root meaning wind?
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ventilation
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Which of the following is NOT a function of the respiratory system?
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allowing swallowing of saliva and other oral fluids
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The suffix in the word respiration means:
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process
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Which of the following terms describes normal breathing?
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eupnea
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Which of the following words is from the Greek word meaning windpipe?
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bronchus
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Mr. Slicer has been diagnosed with cancer of the lung and is scheduled for resection of the tumor. What kind of procedure or test is this?
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The affected area of the lung will be removed
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What is the medical term for windpipe?
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trachea
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Mrs. Penny had a severe case of pneumonia and was receiving antibiotics for treatment. She coughed so much that she fractured a rib and also developed pleurisy. Which of the following is the best definition of pleurisy?
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infection of the membrane covering the lungs
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Which of the following statements is true regarding the vocal cords?
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Male vocal cords are longer and vibrate more slowly than female cords
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What does the suffix in the term bronchiole mean?
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small
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The word hypoxic means________:
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deficient in oxygen
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The exchange of gases between air and blood and interstitial fluids is known as:
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respiration
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The word stridor is from the Latin word meaning_______:
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a harsh, creaking sound
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How many lobes are present in the right lung?
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three
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What is the medical term for voice box?
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larynx
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What is the plural form of the medical term for nostril?
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nares
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Which of the following terms is spelled correctly?
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mediastinoscopy
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Which of the following is true of the disorder known as obstructive sleep apnea?
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There are periods when the breathing stops
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Which of the following terms has the same meaning as rhinitis?
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coryza
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Which of the following instruments measures respiratory volumes?
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spirometer
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Which of the following terms refers to the collection of lymphoid tissue in the oropharynx?
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tonsil
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In the term lobectomy, what does the suffix mean?
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surgical removal of
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The crackle sound that is heard through a stethoscope when air bubbles through liquid in the lungs is called:
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rales
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What does the suffix in the term nasal mean?
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pertaining to
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What is the correct spelling of the term that means a tube inserted into a blood vessel or cavity as a channel for fluid?
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cannula
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What is the medical term for the muscular funnel that receives air from the nasal cavity and food and drink from the oral cavity?
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pharynx
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What is the correct spelling of the term that means an inflammation of the pharynx?
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pharyngitis
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Where is the laryngopharynx located?
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below the tip of the epiglottis
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What does the suffix mean in the term bronchogenic?
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creation
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Which word has a root that means cloud?
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nebulizer
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What is the correct spelling of the term that means the same as ventilator?
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respirator
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A peak flow meter records the greatest flow of air that can be sustained for 10 milliseconds on forced expiration. The is the ___________.
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PEFR
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What does the root of the word pulmonology mean?
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lung
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Which of the following structures prevents food from entering the larynx?
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epiglottis
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Which of the following defines the medical condition silicosis?
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fibrotic lung disease caused by inhaling silica particles
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Which of the following terms refers to the noise produced by vibrations in the structures of the nasopharynx?
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snore
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Which of the following terms means removal of a lung?
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pneumonectomy
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Antibiotics are used when_________________________:
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when a bacterial infection is present.
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What does the abbreviation PEEP refer to?
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a technique in ventilation to keep the alveoli from collapsing
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What does a pulse oximeter measure?
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oxygen saturation of the blood
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Which of the following terms refers to matter that is coughed up and spat out by individuals with respiratory disorders?
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sputum
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Which body sensation is most influenced by smell?
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sense of taste
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The movement of gases into and out of the lungs is known as:
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ventilation
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The root in the term cyanosis means______:
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blue
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The costal surface of the lungs presses against which body part?
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rib cage
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What is the medical term meaning surgical removal of the tonsils?
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tonsillectomy
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The prefix of the word ultrasonography means:
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beyond
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The plural of alveolus is:
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alveoli
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The term pleura is a ______word and means_____:
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Greek; rib.
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Which of the following tests measures the levels of oxygen and carbon dioxide in the blood?
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arterial blood gases
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Which of the following terms has both a root and a combining form?
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mucolytic
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What does the suffix in the term spirometry mean?
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the process of measuring
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Which of the following is NOT one of the six connected elements of the respiratory tract?
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tongue
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Inflammation of the nasal mucosa is known as:
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rhinitis
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What is the medical term for Adam's apple?
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thyroid cartilage
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What is the correct spelling of the term that means pus in the pleural cavity?
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empyema
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Which of the following words has a suffix that means infection?
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pneumonitis
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Which structure divides the nasal cavity into a right and left compartment?
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septum
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Which term refers to the fibrotic lung disease that is caused by the inhalation of different dusts?
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pneumoconiosis
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Which of the following structures does not participate in the production of sound?
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epiglottis
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Mr. Stuckey has a history of COPD. He experienced an exacerbation of his condition and was taken to the emergency department for treatment. The doctor ordered tests and treatments, among them an ABG. What does COPD stand for?
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chronic obstructive pulmonary disease
