Med-Surg: GI – Flashcards
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1. List 4 nursing interventions for the client with a hiatal hernia.
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1. Sit up while eating and one hour after eating. Eat small, frequent meals. Eliminate foods that are problematic.
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2. List 3 categories of medications used in the tx of PUD.
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2. Antacids, Histamine-2, receptor-blockers, mucosal healing agents, proton pump inhibitors.
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3. List the symptoms of upper and lower GI bleeding.
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3. Upper GI: Melena, hematemesis, tarry stools. Lower GI: Bloody stools, tarry stools. Similar: Tarry stools.
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4. What bowel sound disruptions occur with an intestinal obstruction?
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4. Early mechanical obstruction: high-pitched sounds; late mechanical obstruction: diminished or absent bowel sounds.
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5. List 4 nursing interventions for postoperative care of the client with a colostomy.
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5. irrigate daily at same time; Use warm water for irrigations; Wash around stoma with milk soap/water after each ostomy bag cange; Pouch opening should extend at least 1/8 inch around the stoma
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6. List the common clinical manifestations of jaundice.
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6. Sclera-icteric (yellow sclera), dark urine, chalky or clay-colored stools.
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7. What are the common food intolerances for clients with cholelitheiasis?
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7. Fried, spicy, and/or fatty foods.
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8. List 5 symptoms indicative of colon cancer.
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8. Rectal bleeding, change in bowel habits, sense of incomplete evacuation, abdominal pain with nausea, weight loss.
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9. In a client with cirrhosis, it is imperative to prevent further bleeding and observe for bleeding tendencies. List 6 relevant nursing interventions.
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9. Avoid injections, se small bore needles for IV insertion, maintain pressure for minutes on all venipuncture sites, use electric razor, use soft-bristle toothbrush for mouth care, check stools and emesis for occult blood.
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10. What is the main site effect of lactulose, which is used to reduce ammonia levels in clients with cirrhosis?
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10. Diarrhea
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11. List 4 groups who have a high risk of contracting hepatitis.
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11. Homosexual males; IV drug sers, recent ear piercing or tattoos in, and healthcare workers.
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12. How should the nurse administer pancreatic enzymes?
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12. Give with meals or snacks. Powder forms should be mixed with fruit juices.
