Med Surg Exam 3 Practice Questions – Flashcards
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Symptoms of progressive gastric cancer include which of the following?
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Bloating after meals
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Which of the following statements reflects the treatment of HIV infection
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Treatment of HIV infection for an individual patient is based on the clinical condition of patient, CD4 T cell count level and HIV RNA
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Which of the following should be involved as part of the preprocedure teaching for a patient scheduled for a protosigmoidscopy involving the lower GI structures?
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Follow the dietary and fluid restrictions and bowel prep procedures
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Postop, a patient with a radical neck dissection should be placed in which position?
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Fowelers
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Which of the following is a parasympathetic response in the GI tract?
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Increased peristalsis
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A patient receives a local anesthetic to supppress the gag reflex for a diagnostic procedure of the upper GI tract. Which of the following nursing interventions is advised for this patient?
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Do not give any foods or fluids until gag reflex returns
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Which of the following bariatric surgical procedures is optimal for a long-term weight loss?
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Roux-en-Y
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Which of the following is a major carbohydrate that tissue cells use as fuel?
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Glucose
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Which of the following is the most common symptom of GI problems in general?
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Nausea
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Blood shed in sufficient quantities into the upper GI tract produces which color stool?
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Tarry-black
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This term for a reddened circumscribed lesion that ulcerates and becomes crusted and is a primary lesion of syphillis is
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Chancre
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A patient with DM is prescribed to switch from animal to synthesized human insulin. Which of the following factors should the nurse monitor when caring for a patient?
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Low blood glucose levels
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Which of the following is an inaccurate clinical manifesation associated with hemorrhage?
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Bradycardia
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The nurse teaches the patient with GERD which of the following measures to manage his disease?
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Avoid eating or drinking 2 hours before bedtime
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Which of the following terms is used to described stone formation in a salivary gland, usually the submandibular gland?
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Sialolithiasis
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Which of the following is an accurate statement regarding cancer of the esophagus?
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Chronic irritation of the esophagus is a known risk factor
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Which of the following surgical procedures for obesity utilizes a prosthetic device to restrict oral intake?
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Gastric banding
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Which of the following ulcers is associated with extensive burn injury?
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Curling's Ulcer
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Regarding oral cancer, the nurse provides health teaching to inform the patient that
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Many oral cancers produce no symptoms in the early stages
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Blood flow to the GI tract is approximately what percentage of total CO?
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20%
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An adhesive patch is being applied to the skin of a patient with an allergic disorder. Which of the following nursing actions is important when applying the patch on the patient?
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Observe the patient for signs of allergic reaction
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When gastric analysis reveals excess secretion of gastric acid, which of the following medical diagnoses is supported?
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Duodenal Ulcer
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A majority of patients with CVID develop which type of anemia?
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Pernicious
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Which diagnostic test measures HIV RNA in the plasma?
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Viral load
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Which term means a lack of one or more of the 5 immunoglobins
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Hypogammglobulinemia
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A patient is administered foscarnet to treat a case of CMV retinitis. Which of the following adverse effects should the nurse closely monitor in the patient?
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Numbness in extremities
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Which of the following factors should the nurse take into consideration when planning meals and selecting the type of dosage or insulin or oral hypoglycemic agent for an elderly patient with DM?
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Patient's eating and sleeping habits
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Which of the following would be included in the teaching plan for a patient diagnosed with DM?
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Elevated blood glucose levels contribute to complications of DM, such as diminised vision
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Which of the following is considered an opening between the stomach and duodenum?
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Pylorus
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Which of the following statements is correct regarding glargine (Lantus) insulin?
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It cannot be mixed with any other type of insulin?
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NPH is an example of which type of insulin?
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Intermediate
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The nurse recognizes that the patient diagnosed with a duedenal ulcer will likely experience?
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pain in 2-3 hours after meal
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Which of the following is true regarding gestational DM?
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A glucose challenge test should be performed between 24-28 weeks
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Which of the following statements reflects why it is important for a nurse to refer an HIV positive patient to a support group?
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Support groups and resources can provide information about new HIV drug development an clincial drug trials to patients?
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Which of the following mouth conditions is associated with HIV infection
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Kaposi's sarcoma
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Which of the following are appropraite interventions to help a pateitn with autoimmune disorder deal with joint pain secondary to inflammation, malaise, and fatigue?
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Encourage regular exercise during periods of remission
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DX of Kaposi's Sarcoma (KS) is made by which of the following
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Biopsy
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One or two bowel sounds in 2 minutes would be documented as which of the following?
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Hypoactive
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The term used to define the balance between the amount of HIV in the body and the immune response is?
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Viral Set Point
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Which of the following would be an inaccurate information pertaining to SCID?
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The inheritance of SCID can be autosomal dominant
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Which stage of HIV infection is indicated when the results are more than 500 CD$+ lymphocytes?
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CDC catergory A: HIV asymptomatic
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A treatment option for SCID includes
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a stem cell transplant
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When assisting the patient to interpret a negative HIV test result, the nurse informs the patient that the results mean?
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his body has not produced antibodies to the AIDS virus
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The nurses' base knowledge of primary immunodeficiences includes which of the following statements? Primary immunodeficinces
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Develop early in life after protection from maternal antibodies decreaes
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Which of the following is a true statement regarding older patients, considering the aged-related effects on their GI system?
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They tend usually to have less control of rectal sphincter
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Which of the following is most rapid acting insulin?
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Humalog
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Which type of disorder produces recurrent and persistant infection of the soft tissue, lungs and other organs?
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Primary phagocytic disorder
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Which of the following is usually the most important consideration in decisions to initiate antiretroviral therapy?
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CD4 counts
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For a patient with salivary calculi, which of the following procedures used shock waves to disintegrate the stone?
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Lithrotripsy
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Halitosis and a sour taste in the mouth are clinical manifesations associated most directly with
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Esophageal diverticula
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Which of the following options should the nurse encourage to replace fluid and electrolye losses in a patient with AIDS?
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Lipids
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Which enzyme aids in the digeston of protein?
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Trypsin
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For a patient with a disorder of the GI system, which of the following histories would the nurse assess?
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Work history for exposure to environment toxic waste or radioactive materials
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Which of the following conditions is the greatest risk for the patient who does not take non-nucleoside reverse transciptast inhibitors (NNRTI) as prescribed?
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Rapid onset of drug resistance
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T-cell deficicy occurs when which of the following glands fails to develop normally during embryogensis?
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Thymus
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Which of the following is a true statement regarding gastric cancer?
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Most patients are asymptomatic during the early stage of the disease
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A patient with diabetes mellitus is receiving an oral antidiabetic agent. The nurse observes for which of the following symptoms when caring for this patient?
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Signs of hypoglcemia
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Which patient teaching component is important for the nurse to communicate regarding pain management prior to or during diagnostic testing for the disorder of GI system?
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The patient should inform the test personnel is he or she experiences pressure or craming during the installation of test fluids
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A major manifesation of Wiskott-Aldrich syndrome includes which of the following?
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Thrombocytopenia
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During the post-op care of a patient after an esophgeal surgery, the nurse observed bloating problems. Which of the following nursing measures should be included in the patients plan of care?
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Instruct to avoid foods like souffles and carbonated drinks
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Which of the following clinical manifestation of type 2 diabetes occurs if glucose levels are very high?
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Blurred vision
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Which of the following are classified as histamine-2 receptor antagonist?
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Pepcid
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Once digested, what percentage of carbs is converted to glucose?
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100
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Which of the following is an enzyme that begins digestion of starches?
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Ptyalin
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During the nursing care of a patient with hiatalhernia, the patient complains of heartburn and belching that increases when bending at the waist. Which of the following measures would help the patient ease the discomfort?
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Suggest avoiding activities that involve Valsavla maneuver
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Using gastric anaylsis, the nurse would expect that a patient dx with peptic ulcer would secrete
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Some acid
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When bowel sounds are heard every 15 seconds, the nurse would record that bowel sounds are
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normal
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Which of the following has not been implicated as a factor for noncompliance when antiretroviral treatment?
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Past substance abuse
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Which of the following clinical characteristics is associated with type 2 diabetes (previously refered to as non-insulin dependent diabetes)
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Can control blood glucose through diet and exercise
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Which of the following is a primary symtpom of achalasia?
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Difficulty swallowing
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Other than abstinence, which of the only proven method of decreasing the risk for sexual transmission of HIV?
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Consistent and correct use of condoms
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Which of the following should the nurse emphasize during teaching with a patient diagnosed with CFS?
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Ensure balanced activity with rest
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Which of the following componenets is included as a dietary guideline for a patient who has had bariatric surgery?
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Restrict total meal size to less than 1 cup
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Glycolayed hemoglobin reflects blood glucose levels over which period of time?
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2 months
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A patient has undergone a radical neck dissection. His skin graft site is pale. This indicates which of the following conditions?
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Arterial thrombosis
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When do most perintal HIV infections occur?
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After exposure during delivery
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Which of the following clinical characteristics is associated with Type 1 diabetes (previously referred to as insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus)?
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Presence of islet cell antibodies
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Which of the following should be included in the teaching plan for a patient receiving glargine (lantus) "peakless' basal insulin?
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Do not mix other insulins
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Which of the following would be inconsistent as a cause of DKA?
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Competency in injecting insulin
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A patient comes in to get an ELISA test done because her physician suspects AIDS. Which of the following nursing actions is essential before an ELISA test is performed?
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Obtaining a written consent from a patient
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Which of the following is a treatment for Candidia albicans infection of the skin?
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Topical Miconazole
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Which of the following terms describes the irritation of the lips associated with scaling, crust formation and fissures?
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Leukoplakia
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Which of the following terms refers to the symptom of GERD which is characterized by a burning sensation in the esophagus?
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Pyrosis
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Infants with DiGeorge's syndrome have which type of endocrine disorder?
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Hypoparathyroidism
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Which term describes an inflammation of the salivary glands?
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Siadladenitis
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Which blood test confirms the presence of antibodies to HIV?
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Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA)
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Which of the following may be a potential cause of hypoglycemia in the patient diagnosed with diabetes mellitus?
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The patient has not consumed food and continutes to take insulin or oral antidiabetic medications
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Which of the following substances may be used to lubricate a condom?
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K-Y Jelly
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Agammaglobilunemia is also known as
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Bruton's diseasee
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The lower the patients viral load
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the longer the survival time
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Which of the following statements correctly ID a difference between duodenal and gastric ulcers?
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Vomiting is uncommon in patents with dudental ulcers
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Which of the following neuroregulators increases gastric acid secretion?
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Acetylcholine
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When the nurse administeres intravenous gamma-globulin inflsuion, she recognizes that which of the following complaints, if reported by the patient, may indicate an adverse effect of the infusion?
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Tightness in chest
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Which of the following medications classifications may be used for contact dermatitis?
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Corticosteroids
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Which of the following is an age-related change that may affect diabetes and its management?
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Decreased renal function
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Which of the following is an age-related change is GI?
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Weakened gag reflex
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Antiretroviral medications should be ordered to indivdula s with T-cell counts of less than?
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350 cell/mm
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Which of the following are byproducts of fat breakdown which accuulate in the blood and urine?
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Ketones
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Which of the following is the progressive increase in blood glucose from bed to morning?
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Insulin waning
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The nurse should observe for which of the following clinical manifesation in order to minimize risk of anaphylaxis and angioedema in a pateint with allergic reaction?
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Reduction in circulating volume
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Which of the following terms describes a gastric secretion that combines with vitamin B12 so that it can be absorbed?
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Intrinsic factor
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Which type of phagocytic disorder occurs when white blood cells cannot inititate an inflammatory response to infectious organisms?
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Hyperimmunoglobulienmia
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The most common symptom of esophageal disease is
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dysphagia
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Ataxia is the term that refers to
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Uncoordinated muscle movement
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Which of the following categories of oral antidiabetic agents exert their primary action by directly stimulating the pancreas to secrete insulin?
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Sulfonylureas
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Which of the following is an accurate statement regarding gastric cancer?
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The incidence of cancer of the stomach continues to decrease in US
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Which of the following organisms is known to cause retinitis in people with HIV/AIDS?
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Cytomegalovirus
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The balance between the amount of HIV in the body and immune response is
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Viral Set Point
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Peptic ulcer disease occur more frequently in people with which blood type?
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O
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Which of the following is an early manifesation of HIV encephalopathy?
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Headache
