question

When a T-shirt manufacturer states, "We only sell it in black because that way we can buy plenty of black fabric and run our plant efficiently," its statement reflects the views that were popular in which era of the evolution of marketing?

answer

Production-Oriented

question

Julia is considering a career in marketing. She is concerned about the image of marketers as fast-talking, high-pressure people who only care about making a sale. When reading about the core aspects of marketing, Julia is relieved to see that in marketing

answer

all parties to an exchange should be satisfied

question

The four Ps make up the marketing mix, which is the ___________ set of activities that the firm uses to respond to the wants and needs of its target markets.

answer

controllable

question

Henriette offers financial counseling and management on a fee-only basis. She has found that different customers are willing to pay different rates for her services. This shows that her pricing decisions should depend primarily on

answer

how different customers perceive the value of her services.

question

The importance of supply chain management is often overlooked in the study of marketing because

answer

many of the activities take place behind the scenes.

question

UPS, FedEx, DHL, and other shipping companies support other firms' ___________ marketing goals.

answer

supply chain management

question

Effective promotion enhances a product or service's

answer

perceived value

question

Auction sites like eBay have increased opportunities for ___________ marketing.

answer

C2C

question

As use of the Internet took off. car manufacturers were tempted to sell directly to consumers, but decided instead to continue to sell through their existing dealer networks. The car manufacturers considered switching from _________ to _________ marketing.

answer

B2B; B2C

question

Melanie works for a small computer software company. Her boss is constantly improving their products but neglecting customers, billing, and promoting the company. Her boss is probably stuck in the __________ era of marketing.

answer

production-oriented

question

Near the end of the model year, Move-Them-Out automobile dealership had an unusually high inventory level. The manager increased her advertising spending and gave extra incentives to its salespeople. Move-Them-Out operates as if it were in the __________ era.

answer

sales-oriented

question

Many U.S. companies first discovered marketing during the __________ era.

answer

market-oriented

question

During the __________ era, manufacturers and retailers recognized they needed to give their customers greater value than their competitors did.

answer

value-based marketing

question

Trey sells consumer electronics. He knows his customers weigh the costs versus the benefits associated with the different options available. He decides which products to offer and what prices to charge based on the way his customers think. Trey operates as if he were in the __________ era.

answer

value-based marketing

question

Even though they operate from out-of-the-way airports and offer few extra services, discount, no-frill airlines like Ryanair and EasyJet have been successful. Consumers obviously consider

answer

the benefit of lower prices to be greater than the cost of reduced services and less convenience.

question

Many firms with complex products have "missionary" salespeople who assist customers with problems and implementation programs. These salespeople rarely sell products but often become involved in and knowledgeable about specific customers' needs and wants. These salespeople focus on a(n) __________ orientation with their customers.

answer

relational

question

The goal of customer relationship management is to

answer

identify and build loyalty among a firm's customers.

question

Marketing was once an afterthought to

answer

production.

question

Many inventors struggle with the question, "I made it; now how do I get rid of it?" They have made the error of considering marketing as

answer

an afterthought.

question

Marketing enriches society by

answer

sponsoring charitable events

question

Many entrepreneurs are successful through marketing efforts designed to

answer

satisfy unfilled needs.

question

People who initate, organize, operate, and assume the risk of a business venture are called

answer

entrepreneurs.

question

Marney bought a dress from a retail store. Which core aspect of marketing was Marney most directly participating in?

answer

Marketing involves an exchange.

question

Which element of the marketing mix is most relevant to the activity "capturing value"?

answer

price

question

Which element of the marketing mix is most relevant to the activity "delivering value"?

answer

place

question

To build a sustainable competitive advantage, companies should focus on a single strategy.

answer

False

question

Duke's is a surfer-themed restaurant chain in Hawaii. Most of its customers are tourists. In a SWOT analysis for Duke's, the possibility that the recession might cut back on tourism in Hawaii would be considered a weakness.

answer

False

question

The strategic planning process always proceeds sequentially through the five steps.

answer

False

question

When Ramona, the keynote speaker at a major business leaders' conference, arrived in the middle of the night at the Ritz-Carlton, she was exhausted and her suit was wrinkled from her ten-hour plane trip. The night clerk found someone to dry clean Ramona's suit and have it ready for her morning presentation. She has been a loyal Ritz-Carlton customer ever since. In this example, Ritz-Carlton demonstrated the macro strategy of

answer

customer excellence.

question

Marketers want their firms to develop excellent supply chain management and strong supplier relations so they can

answer

control prices and lock in margins.

question

For many years, Southwest Airlines distinguished itself as the low-cost airline. Now, many other low-cost competitors have entered the market. Similarly, Southwest was one of the first airlines to offer online ticketing. Now, all airlines have online ticketing. These examples suggest that

answer

no single strategy is likely to be sufficient to build a sustainable competitive advantage.

question

Which of the following is LEAST likely to provide a sustainable competitive advantage?

answer

lowering prices

question

Manufacturers who use just-in-time manufacturing systems coordinate closely with suppliers in order to ensure that materials and supplies arrive just before they are needed in the manufacturing process. While just-in-time systems can offer major advantages in terms of inventory costs, they must be carefully managed. If a firm found that its just-in-time system was badly managed, leading to frequent manufacturing delays due to missing parts, this would represent a(n) __________ in a SWOT analysis.

answer

weakness

question

Many small businesses whose competitors are national franchises advertise "we are locally owned" or "we have been here since 1951." This is part of these firms'

answer

positioning strategy.

question

The idea of value-based marketing requires firms to charge a price that

answer

captures the value customers perceive that they are receiving.

question

Google and other search engines allow marketers to bid to have their ads shown when consumers search on keywords related to the firm's products. These marketers are attempting to create value through

answer

promotion

question

The first objective in the evaluate performance phase of the marketing planning process is to

answer

review implementation programs and results using metrics.

question

Understanding the causes of performance, regardless of whether that performance exceeded, met, or fell below the firm's goals

answer

enables firms to make appropriate adjustments.

question

After conducting STP analysis for her custom auto parts store and developing strategies for each of the four Ps, Monique now has to make _____________ decisions.

answer

resource allocation

question

Heather has been assessing a number of her firm's products using the Boston Consulting Group approach to portfolio analysis. She has been trying to assess the strength in a particular market and is looking at the sales of the product and the overall market as well as the sales of competitors. Heather is trying to determine:

answer

the product's relative market share.

question

Which of the following is NOT one of the four major growth strategies marketers typically utilize?

answer

segment development

question

Adrienne decides to add new sales representatives and increase advertising in her existing market for her current line of security systems. Adrienne is pursuing a __________ growth strategy.

answer

market penetration

question

A ___________ growth strategy employs the existing marketing offering to reach new market segments.

answer

market development

question

When pursuing a market development strategy, expanding into international markets is generally

answer

more risky than expansion in domestic markets.

question

Marketers who design and offer new products and services to their existing customers are pursuing a ____________________ growth strategy.

answer

product development

question

Zara is a women's clothing retailer headquartered in Spain, with stores located in many countries. Zara has developed a "quick response" system that allows store merchandise to be adjusted rapidly to fit changing customer preferences. Every aspect of Zara's operation is optimized for this system, making it difficult for competitors like The Gap to duplicate. Zara has established

answer

a sustainable comparative advantage

question

When a pharmaceutical company develops a new medication, it typically applies for a patent in order to prevent competitors from developing copycat products for several years. Pharmaceutical companies apply for patents in order to establish

answer

a sustainable competitive advantage.

question

In its discussion of Nike and adidas, two major athletic shoe manufacturers, the text mentions that Nike has purchased Umbro, a sports brand that has appealed mainly to soccer (European football) enthusiasts in the past. This action suggests that Nike intends to compete head to head with adidas, which got its start designing soccer shoes. On a SWOT analysis for adidas, how should Nike's acquisition of Umbro be categorized?

answer

threat

question

Delta Airlines is among the companies experimenting with selling products and services on their Facebook pages. The idea is to make purchasing even easier for customers who may spend large portions of the day with Facebook active on their computers or mobile devices. There is no need even to navigate to Delta's website--users can book a trip in Delta's "Ticket Agent" application without ever leaving Facebook. Which element of the marketing mix does this represent?

answer

place and value delivery

question

A product that is in a high-growth market but has a low market share would be classified as ________ on the BCG matrix.

answer

question mark

question

Smartphone owners tend to be older and more affluent than owners of other types of phones, making them an attractive target market for many firms.

answer

False

question

Josie became the "Mayor" of Charming Charley's accessories store during the first few months of school, and earned a store coupon. Josie doesn't realize it, but she is helping to promote Charming Charley's to other FourSquare users.

answer

True

question

Keyword analysis refers to the study of people's queries on search engines.

answer

True

question

The more connections you have on social networks, the greater your social reach.

answer

True

question

It is not possible to measure an individual's social media usage.

answer

False

question

The 4E framework for social media guides marketers in using social media effectively to build and deepen customer relationships. Which of the following is NOT one of the four E's in this framework?

answer

Energy

question

While waiting in line to make a purchase at Best Buy, Joanie sees signs reminding her to visit its website for online specials and to sign up right now on her smartphone for the Best Buy Loyalty Rewards Program. Others signs remind her that Best Buy will match competitors' prices on any item they sell. This is an example of which 4E framework?

answer

Educate

question

Gene's Complete Cameras offers its customers an interactive website to help them choose the best camera for their lifestyle. But the site's most-used feature is its user blog in which customers—both satisfied and unsatisfied—talk about products they have purchased and the service received at Gene's. The user blog best describes which of the 4E frameworks for the store's customers?

answer

Engage

question

Karlie likes to post fancy cupcakes and cookies on Pinterest. She also posts pictures of fun kitchen equipment in sherbet colors, and looks for baking ideas and equipment. What type of social media site is Karlie using?

answer

media-sharing

question

Lauren decides to use Twitter to market her hand-painted scarves to other women on her campus. She sets up a Twitter account with the name @uniquedesignsbylauren, and posts this on her Facebook page, making sure to tweet every few days. Soon Lauren is selling a lot of scarves. Lauren's Twitter account is an example of

answer

microblogging

question

Carol loves to experiment with unique uses of computer animation. Every time she finishes a project, she uploads a video to YouTube and then posts the link on a variety of social networks where she participates. What segment of social networking users does Carol belong to?

answer

creators

question

What is Google+?

answer

a social networking site

question

Suppose that Nike wanted to use Facebook to increase awareness of a new line of tennis shoes. Which of the following methods would allow Nike to specifically target Facebook users who have mentioned tennis in their profiles?

answer

Placing a Facebook ad.

question

Southwest Airlines operates a blog called "Nuts About Southwest." A group of employees share the responsibility for posting items of potential interest to customers—for example, short videos about Southwest's travel destinations, articles (with photos) about special events, and news about airline promotions. "Nuts About Southwest" is an example of a

answer

corporate blog.

question

Excluding computers, which of the following methods is used by more consumers to access social media?

answer

mobile phones

question

Julian and his friends log into an app at the mall. They follow a series of challenges in participating stores, which include snapping pictures of different products and bumping phones with other shoppers. The winner receives a coupon for the food court. What game are they participating in?

answer

SCVNGR

question

When a company that uses social media runs a contest online, it will measure its effectiveness in a variety of ways. One such measure is the conversion rate. The conversion rate for the contest promotion would be

answer

the percentage of visitors to the page describing the contest who entered the contest.

question

Companies that specialize in sentiment analysis are least likely to look at ___________ for data.

answer

YouTube

question

One measure of traffic from visitors on sites, the total page requests, is measured in units called

answer

hits.

question

The first step in the process of creating a social media campaign is to

answer

set goals.

question

Darren has developed a better type of medication vial for travelers. He is not sure how to develop a marketing program for his product, as there are a few similar ones on the market. What technique can Darren use to analyze data from his competitor's websites, particularly to learn how people search for similar products online?

answer

keyword analysis

question

__________ are a measure that indicates what percentage of potential customers act as the marketer hopes, either by clicking, buying, or donating.

answer

Conversion rates

question

Despite its vivid design, the website for Lolly's Bookstore did not seem to attract customers who lingered. In fact, most website visitors left the site before they made a purchase. Which measure does the owner need to address?

answer

bounce rates

question

According to the text, which of the following has earned the highest Klout score?

answer

Justin Bieber

question

essica is still in college, but is very motivated to earn some extra money in her spare time. She is quite knowledgeable regarding politics, and was hired by a candidate to generate student interest by posting online articles on student-read sites. Jessica's new job most likely has the title of

answer

blogger.

question

The three elements of the consumer's immediate environment are the company, competition, and corporate partners.

answer

True

question

Demographic profiles of customers provide an easily understood "snapshot" of the typical consumer in target markets.

answer

True

question

As the euro becomes more expensive relative to the dollar, Americans are likely to purchase more European wines.

answer

False

question

Members of Generation Y share a strong emphasis on balancing work and life.

answer

True

question

The members of Generation X are also referred to as Digital Natives.

answer

False

question

Inflation refers to the cost of borrowing money.

answer

False

question

The marketing firm must consider the entire business process from an economic point of view.

answer

False

question

As a retail clothing store manager, Randy frequently asks his staff what customers are saying and what they are asking for. He also attends the quarterly clothing show at the regional merchandise mart. Randy's efforts will likely help him to

answer

identify potential opportunities.

question

Successful firms focus their efforts on satisfying customer needs that

answer

match their core competencies.

question

Yellow Trucking provides transportation services for Dan's Delicious Donuts so that Dan's stores always have a fresh stock. Yellow Trucking is an example of a

answer

corporate partner.

question

Insight Guides, a line of travel books, provides travelers with background information about the people's beliefs, values, and customs. Insight's books educate travelers about a country's

answer

culture

question

When studying culture, the challenge for marketers is to determine whether culture

answer

can help to identify a particular group that might be interested in the marketer's products.

question

The shift of population from the "Rust Belt" in the North to the "Sun Belt" in the South and Southwest will likely

answer

reduce regional cultural differences.

question

From a marketing perspective, what separates __________ from the generation before them is that they are individualistic, value leisure time as a high priority, and are trying to maintain their youth.

answer

Baby Boomers

question

ABC Company knew that its customers were interested in environmentally friendly business practices, so it began marking all of its products as environmentally friendly because they were made with all natural ingredients, even though ABC's plant was one of the worst polluters in town. The new term for this practice is

answer

greenwashing

question

For some products, marketers can combine education level with other data like occupation and income to obtain

answer

useful predictions of purchase behavior.

question

Marketers should not assume that they can target all Asian consumers in the United States with one strategy because

answer

they speak different languages and come from different cultures.

question

By offering environmentally responsible products, green marketers

answer

add value that other products do not have.

question

In the early 1990s, the inflation rate in Mexico was twice the rate in the United States, but the Mexican monetary authorities kept the peso/dollar exchange rate almost constant. For Mexican consumers

answer

Mexican products became more expansive while U.S. made products became comparatively less expensive.

question

Which of these is a macroenvironmental factor?

answer

culture

question

Suppose that you are the vice president of marketing for Target, the large retail store chain. You want to keep your website and in-store services current with technological advances. You would be experimenting with what is most likely the next expected development in mobile technology, which is

answer

wireless payments form mobile devices.

question

Part of the social trend toward health and wellness is a concern about the increasing degree of obesity in the United States. Related to this, the text notes the increasing popularity of

answer

yoga.

question

Which of the following is an example of greenwashing?

answer

A company donates money to a school reading project so it can advertise itself as environmentally friendly.

question

Which ethnic group in the U.S. tends to earn more, have more schooling, and be more likely to be professionally employed or own a business?

answer

Asian

question

Which ethnic group not only tends to be more affluent and suburban than previously thought, but also younger, with 47 percent between the ages of 18 and 49 years?

answer

African American

question

One benefit of having satisfied customers is that they may spread positive word of mouth.

answer

True

question

Pam didn't go see the movie Gravity because her friends all said she wouldn't be able to handle it. When she found out how good it was, she blamed her friends. Pam is demonstrating an internal locus of control.

answer

False

question

Another name for physiological risk is safety risk.

answer

True

question

When Karen realized her dog had fleas, Karen had

answer

an unsatisfied need

question

A key to successful marketing is determining how to meet the correct balance of __________ needs that best appeals to the firm's target markets.

answer

functional and psychological

question

When the floor rusted through on her old car, Kelly knew she had a problem. Logically, Kelly's next step in the consumer decision process would be to

answer

search for information about cars.

question

Ryan believes he is responsible for his actions, and he will conduct extensive searches before making a purchase. Michael's favorite phrase, when confronted by the need to make a decision, is "Whatever." In marketing terms, Ryan is said to have a(n) __________ and Michael, a(n) __________.

answer

internal locus of control; external locus of control

question

Before flying, Jaden researches the types of planes the airline uses, scans the plane for defects as it taxis up to the terminal, and follows the pilot and crew as they come through the airport. He has no experience as a pilot or airplane mechanic. Jaden probably has a misguided sense of his

answer

locus of control

question

Consumers consider universal, retrieval, and evoked sets during which stage of the consumer decision process?

answer

evaluation of alternatives

question

When Maya decided to buy a new computer, she thought about all the brands she could recall seeing advertised, but she would only consider those brands she could buy at her local Best Buy electronics store. This represents Maya's __________ set.

answer

evoked

question

Postpurchase cognitive dissonance is especially likely for products that are

answer

expensive, infrequently purchased, and associated with high levels of risk.

question

Most firms maintain customer complaint services online, in the store, or over the telephone. Firms attempt to respond quickly to complaints, hoping to

answer

minimize negative word of mouth and rumors.

question

There are approximately 1 billion people living in India. Only about 200 million of these people earn more than the equivalent of $1,000 per year. According to Maslow's Hierarchy, most of the other 800 million Indian consumers are primarily addressing their __________ needs.

answer

physiological

question

Natalie and her fiancée Dow are planning their wedding. She knows her mother wants her to have a traditional church wedding with a Roman Catholic priest officiating. Natalie would like to have an informal ceremony on the beach, since that type of wedding has become popular with her friends. Furthermore, Dow is from Thailand and would like to have a monk officiate. Natalie and Dow's wedding decisions are most influenced by

answer

family, reference groups, and culture.

question

Before going on his first business trip to China, Brad asked his Chinese-American friend to advise him on customs and values common among the Chinese businesspeople he will likely encounter. Brad is trying to avoid __________ business blunders.

answer

cultural

question

Where Caroline grew up, everyone knew everyone else, no one locked the doors on their house, and a person's word could be trusted. When she went to work in another part of the country, she was surprised by how few people had similar values and beliefs. Caroline had to adjust to __________ differences.

answer

cultural

question

Steve wasn't sure what kind of salsa he wanted to get for his upcoming Super Bowl party. It seemed like there were dozens of varieties to choose from. He noticed that he could sample a few at a station in the store. He tried four, rejected two, and bought several jars of the two he really liked. He also ended up buying a different—and more expensive—kind of tortilla chip after tasting it. Marketers identify this as a success story of

answer

in-store demonstrations

question

Brenda was planning a small dinner party, and had gone to a new specialty food store with coupons she'd found in the food section of the paper. At the store she also found a "buy one, get one free" deal, and a gift offered with the purchase of a particular dessert. She altered the menu as a result of the __________ and ended up spending less than she'd planned.

answer

in-store promotion

question

Many states have laws regulating the prices businesses charge during emergencies like hurricanes. These laws are designed to protect consumers whose __________ state may impair their ability to make sound purchase decisions.

answer

temporal

question

Consumers use and process different aspects of advertising or messages. __________ yields greater attention and deeper processing, and leads to strong attitudes and purchase intentions.

answer

High involvement

question

Thanh has to decide which college to attend. This is the most important, riskiest and most expensive decision she has ever made. She will be engaged in

answer

extended problem solving

question

A home security company will advertise the need for home surveillance products to appeal to which level of Maslow's Hierarchy of Needs?

answer

safety

question

Some websites provide allow consumers to shop while getting opinions from online friends. Which of the influences on the consumer buying process does this represent?

answer

social

question

Reginald greets his regular customers by name every morning when they come in for coffee. He offers them a taste of anything special he is cooking that day. He has a database with their birthdays, and offers them free meals on their birthdays. Reginald hopes that this attention to his "regulars" will encourage them to

answer

spread positive word of mouth

question

Zappo's online shoe and clothing store has a unique way of dealing with abandoned shopping carts. If a site visitor places items into the shopping cart and then leaves the site without making a purchase, several days later Zappo's sends a humorous email saying, "Let us show you what your shopping cart did while you were gone," along with a photo of a cute dog intended to represent the shopping cart. This attention-getting device is designed to improve the site's

answer

conversion rate.

question

Most Americans tend to take access to global products and services for granted.

answer

True

question

In a joint venture, the burden of ownership, control, and profits is not share.

answer

False

question

An effective global pricing strategy can be easily established by setting the same price in every market around the world.

answer

False

question

In order to maximize potential, segments and target markets can and should be defined by more than just geography.

answer

True

question

Using middlemen in global distribution networks generally lowers costs and prices for products.

answer

False

question

Direct investment offers the firm complete control over its operations in the foreign country.

answer

True

question

The components of global market assessment include all of the following EXCEPT

answer

ethnic analysis.

question

In most cases, countries use tariffs to reduce foreign competition, but tariffs are also used

answer

as a response to perceived unfair trade practices

question

Geert Hofstede's cultural dimensions concept focuses on five dimensions of ____________ in a country.

answer

underlying values

question

NCD company wants to expand into the Mexican market. It has the financial resources, wants to control business operations, and has had considerable success marketing to Hispanics in the United States. NCD will likely use __________ to expand into the Mexican market.

answer

direct investment

question

Cultural nuances, subcultures, and consumers' different views of their roles in different countries can make __________ complicated.

answer

segmentation, targeting, and positioning.

question

Global marketers are under constant pressure to shorten distribution channels in order to

answer

reduce costs.

question

The term "trade deficit" refers to

answer

higher levels of imports than exports

question

Which of the following is currently a negative factor for foreign investment in Russia?

answer

Russia is known for corruption, creating ethical dilemmas for firms.

question

Which of the following is a potential negative factor for foreign investment in China?

answer

China's population is aging rapidly.

question

Which country's government has recently made significant changes that will modernize the retail environment, such as allowing joint ventures and direct ownership in some cases?

answer

India

question

Which country has embraced market-oriented economic development in spite of maintaining communist political ideals?

answer

China

question

China has three main languages, and many more dialects. This presents a particular challenge to developing a global ________ strategy.

answer

communication

question

When a marketer adjusts the marketing mix to give customers a clear, distinctive understanding of what the product does, the marketer is engaging in psychographic segmentation.

answer

False

question

Positioning strategies generally focus either on how the product benefits the consumer or on how it is better than competitors' products.

answer

True

question

When Penguin Catering Services first opened, the owner decided to target only events at resorts in its geographic region. Penguin Catering was using a(n) __________ targeting strategy.

answer

concentrated

question

Differences in weather and climate create opportunities for

answer

geographic segmentation.

question

Psychographics is the segmentation method that delves into how consumers

answer

describe themselves.

question

In order to develop psychographic segments, the marketer must understand consumers'

answer

self-values, self-concept, and lifestyles.

question

Baby Boomers represent a huge demographic segment for travel marketers. Baby Boomers are also heavily motivated by self-fulfillment, which creates the possibility of __________ segmentation.

answer

psychographic

question

Marketers have found that __________ segmentation is often more useful for predicting consumer behavior than __________ segmentation.

answer

psychographic; demographic

question

Although marketers have found that psychographics are often more useful for predicting consumer behavior than demographics, psychographic segmentation

answer

is a more expensive method for identifying potential customers.

question

__________ segmentation is the segmentation method most directly related to value creation for consumers.

answer

Benefit

question

Toothpastes sold in supermarkets and pharmacies promise various results, such as whiter teeth, protection against gum disease, tartar control, or fresh breath. Toothpaste marketers are using __________ segmentation.

answer

benefit

question

Geodemographic segmentation can be particularly useful for __________, because customers typically patronize stores close to their neighborhood.

answer

retailers

question

When Ron complained to his bank about the unprofessional behavior of one teller, the branch manager added a code into his accounts alerting all tellers that Ron was a valued customer and to provide whatever service he requests. The branch management included Ron in its __________ segmentation.

answer

loyalty

question

Airlines were among the first retailers to embrace loyalty segmentation when they created

answer

frequent flyer programs

question

Karen has identified four potential market segments for her Rent-A-Chef home meal catering service. The next step is to

answer

evaluate the attractiveness of each segment.

question

Ryan wants to sell personal website services to American soldiers in Afghanistan. Because of the difficulty of communicating with people in a war zone, Ryan may have trouble with this segment not being

answer

reachable

question

With access to the Internet nearly universal in the United States, many potential market segments have become more

answer

reachable

question

When Talbots, an upscale women's clothing store, tries to portray an image of "traditional, conservative, and with good taste," it is appealing to its target market's

answer

lifestyle

question

After assessing the market growth potential and market competitiveness for his company's baby products in Mexico, Harmon wanted to evaluate market access. To do this, Harmon would consider

answer

ease of accessing or developing distribution channels and brand familiarity.

question

Paula is trying to determine whether the segments she is considering for her day care center will be profitable. Which of the following will NOT specifically help her in this analysis?

answer

The average number of school-age children in families sending a child to the day care center.

question

Ronaldo wants to develop an Internet auction-based business and is working through the STP process. After establishing his objectives, describing potential market segments, and evaluating the attractiveness of each segment, Ronaldo now has to

answer

select a target market.

question

Regina wants to position her financial services company. Regina can position her services according to all of the following EXCEPT

answer

profitability

question

Jim wants to position his firm against his competitors. In doing so he should

answer

avoid looking too much like the competitor so that he'd confuse the target segment

question

Overriding desires that drive how we live our lives are called

answer

self-values.

question

When evaluating the attractiveness of the segment, if a segment is expected to react positively to the firm's offering, we say that the segment is

answer

responsive

question

Brand equity is calculated by subtracting sales of generic brands from the sales of branded items in a category.

answer

False

question

The more familiar customers are with a brand, the harder their decision-making process will be.

answer

False

question

In entertainment licensing, the major risk to licensees is that the brand will become overexposed.

answer

False

question

For the average college student, a retirement account would be a shopping product.

answer

False

question

Kellogg's sells many different breakfast cereals, including Corn Flakes, Rice Krispies, Frosted Flakes, Raisin Bran, and Special K. This is an example of the breadth of the Kellogg's product mix.

answer

False

question

Nike sells shoes, clothing and athletic gear. These represent the breadth of Nike's products.

answer

True

question

A decrease in a company's product depth will always hurt its marketing efforts.

answer

False

question

A familiar brand name always helps the sales of a product.

answer

False

question

The complete set of all products offered by a firm is called its

answer

product mix.

question

For a major university, undergraduate studies, graduate studies, and professional programs would be __________ within the university's product mix.

answer

product lines

question

Which of the following scenarios is NOT a reason a firm would eliminate an item within a product line?

answer

The firm has decided to capture new markets.

question

The decision to delete a product is never taken lightly because, generally, manufacturers have

answer

made substantial investments in product development and manufacturing.

question

A __________ brand is one where there is a contractual arrangement between firms allowing one to use its brand name for a fee.

answer

licensed

question

In the case of Band-Aid adhesive bandages, the brand name has

answer

become synonymous with the product itself.

question

Salina is working to create greater brand awareness for her company's new line of personal digital assistants. To increase brand awareness, the LEAST important information that should be included in promotions is

answer

the product history.

question

Nora is deciding whether to purchase brand name sneakers or a store brand. She has purchased other shoes with the same brand name in the past but was only marginally satisfied. In this situation, Nora is likely to purchase the store brand sneakers because they offer

answer

greater perceived value.

question

For marketers, one of the benefits of having achieved brand loyalty is

answer

lower marketing costs associated with reaching loyal customers.

question

One of the major tools used by marketers to meet the needs of loyal customers is

answer

CRM

question

Marketers with luxury brands use brand extension cautiously in order to avoid

answer

diluting the core brand.

question

Shell MasterCard, created cooperatively by Shell Oil Company and Master Card, is an example of

answer

co-branding.

question

Another name for brand repositioning is

answer

rebranding.

question

Zappos, an online shoe company, knows shoes are typically a(n) __________ good, with consumers often spending time comparing alternatives. They overcome that aspect of consumers' search process by offering a free, no questions asked return policy.

answer

shopping

question

Which of the following is NOT part of the "actual product" level of the product offer?

answer

product warranty

question

Some credit cards provide free liability insurance, funded by the bank issuing the card, when a customer pays for a rental car using the card. This extra insurance is an example of

answer

an associated service.

question

What is "wrap rage"?

answer

frustration by a customer when the packaging makes it difficult to get at the product

question

New product development adds value to a firm's products and services through innovation.

answer

True

question

Even if products succeed, not all consumers adopt new-to-the-world products at the same time.

answer

True

question

To determine if a new product is commercially viable, a firm can conduct premarket testing.

answer

True

question

On the diffusion of innovation curve, the first group of buyers who want to be on the block to have the new product are known as early adopters.

answer

False

question

The diffusion of innovation curve follows the following sequence: innovators, early majority, early adopters, late majority and laggards.

answer

False

question

By adding new product lines beyond its core business of computer software, like the Zune MP3 player and Xbox 360 game system, Microsoft primarily benefits by

answer

creating diversification and reducing risk.

question

Successful first movers create a market or a product category. They often benefit from being readily recognizable to consumers and

answer

establishing an early market share lead.

question

Even if they succeed, new-to-the-world products are

answer

not adopted by everyone at the same time.

question

The process by which the use of a new product or service spreads throughout a market group is referred to as

answer

diffusion of innovation

question

As soon as she saw one, Hillary wanted a flat-screen television, but she was worried about making the wrong choice. She waited until there were alternatives in the market with lower prices and improved quality. Hillary is part of the __________ diffusion of innovation group.

answer

early majority

question

When John began helping his favorite uncle Burton with his finances, he discovered his uncle was still renting a rotary-dial telephone from the phone company. Uncle Burton had paid thousands of dollars in rental fees over the previous forty years. Uncle Burton is a(n) __________ in the diffusion of innovation process for telephones.

answer

laggard

question

Inkjet printers were a big improvement over the dot matrix printers they replaced. Inkjet printers gained rapid acceptance in the marketplace primarily because of their

answer

relative advantage.

question

Which of the following is LEAST likely to be a source of ideas for new products?

answer

geodemographic segmentation

question

A major limitation in the use of internal R&D departments for new idea generation is

answer

the costs tend to be quite high.

question

The pharmaceutical industry often justifies the high prices for new drugs by arguing that they research as many as one hundred new compounds before they come up with one __________, an extremely successful product that pays for the costs associated with the other attempts to develop new products.

answer

blockbuster

question

Suppose that you work for an advertising agency and are brought into a meeting where everyone is asked to generate ideas for names for a new beach resort. You are engaged in __________, a form of new idea generation.

answer

brainstorming

question

Kristina created a virtual prototype of her new line of swimwear on a website to show to consumers. Kristina will ask consumers what they think of the clothing, but the most important question is

answer

whether or not they would purchase the swimwear if it becomes available.

question

The __________ step in the product development process is critical, requiring tremendous resources and extensive coordination of all aspects of the marketing mix.

answer

product launch

question

Which of the following would NOT be part of the launch of a new product?

answer

educational efforts for complex or conceptually new products

question

Which of the following is NOT one of the four product life cycle stages?

answer

location

question

Microsoft's Windows operating system continues to dominate the market, even though it has been around for over twenty years. Windows will likely remain in the maturity stage of the product life cycle

answer

until a superior product comes along to replace it.

question

When Dr. Putt invented his Eye-Over-the-Ball (EOB) golf putting device, he knew during the introductory stage

answer

sales would be low and profits nonexistent, but he would attract golf equipment innovators.

question

Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of products in the maturity stage of the product life cycle?

answer

Laggards are a major focus of marketing efforts.

question

The ___________ is a specific price at which manufacturers encourage retailers to sell a product.

answer

manufacturer's suggested retail price

question

When a manufacturer launches a new product, it may offer __________ to wholesalers and retailers, including introductory price promotions, special events, and personal selling.

answer

trade promotions

question

The key to successful pricing is to match the product with the consumer's perception of value.

answer

True

question

Rarely is the lowest-price product offering the dominant brand in a given market.

answer

True

question

At the break-even point, profits are maximized.

answer

False

question

Odd prices suggest low quality.

answer

True

question

Gerald has a number of customers for his lawn care service who never question his bill but expect their lawns to be perfect. These customers do not want low prices, they want

answer

high value.

question

Unlike product, promotion, or place, price is the only part of the marketing mix

answer

that generates revenue

question

Which of the following is NOT one of the Five Cs of pricing

answer

collaboration

question

Gary is the marketing manager for an automobile dealership. His boss tells him the firm's primary goal is to increase their local market share from 15 to 30 percent. His firm is using a ________ orientation.

answer

sales

question

Health clubs often use a low, introductory offer price to get people to join their club. These low prices represent a ______________ pricing strategy.

answer

sales orientation

question

Julia wants her firm's gourmet snacks to be the leading brand in the U.S. market. When adopting a pricing strategy designed to gain market share, she should remember that

answer

rarely is the lowest-price offering the dominant brand in a market.

question

A demand curve shows the relationship between ___________________ in a period of time.

answer

price and demand

question

_________________ measures consumers' sensitivity to price changes.

answer

Price elasticity of demand

question

For which of the following is demand likely to be most sensitive to price increases?

answer

prescription drugs

question

Variable costs change with

answer

changes in the quantity being produced.

question

Raymond estimates that the fixed costs associated with opening a new bank branch are $500,000. He expects the branch to attract 1,000 new customer accounts in the first year, each of which will cost $50 per year to service. He also expects to generate $100,000 per year in revenue. For Raymond, the total cost of opening the new branch and remaining open for one year will be:

answer

$550,000.

question

If the fixed costs of manufacturing a new cell phone are $10,000, the sales price is $60, and variable cost per unit is $20, the break-even point is

answer

250 units.

question

Because there are only a few firms in markets with oligopolistic competition,

answer

price wars may occur

question

In a market with _________________, there are many firms providing differentiated products.

answer

monopolistic competition

question

Because there are many firms in monopolistic competition markets,

answer

the many competitors will focus on product differentiation.

question

Because there are many firms with similar products in purely competitive markets,

answer

price is determined by the laws of supply and demand.

question

In determining the price for his company's new pocket digital camera, Matt determines what consumers consider the regular or original price for similar cameras available in the market. Matt is assessing the influence of __________ on pricing strategy.

answer

reference prices

question

Odd prices often suggest ___________ to consumers.

answer

low quality

question

Price skimming focuses on selling products to __________ and __________ in the consumer adoption process model.

answer

innovators; early adopters

question

____________ pricing tactics lower the price of a product below cost.

answer

Loss leader

question

It is the responsibility of __________ to determine the ethical approach to setting prices so consumers find value and the firm can make a profit.

answer

marketers themselves

question

Marketing channel management creates value by getting products to customers efficiently.

answer

True

question

Retailers generally have no prior knowledge of the merchandise they will be receiving from suppliers in any particular shipment.

answer

False

question

A firm just starting out usually has the option of choosing from whom it buys and to whom it sells.

answer

False

question

When manufacturers such as Pampered Chef sell directly to consumers, they perform both production and retailing activities.

answer

True

question

Distribution centers are always operated by distribution specialists.

answer

False

question

The vertical marketing system that exhibits the most formalization and control is the corporate vertical marketing system.

answer

True

question

Students of marketing often overlook or underestimate the importance of place in the marketing mix simply because

answer

it happens behind the scenes.

question

Typically, manufacturers and retailers exchange business documents through a(n) __________ system, the computer-to-computer exchange of business documents from a retailer to a vendor and back.

answer

electronic data interchange

question

Roland has just received notification from a vendor that his clothing merchandise order has been processed and dispatched. Roland has just received a(n)

answer

advanced shipping notice

question

With a pull marketing strategy,

answer

orders for merchandise are generated at the store level based on sales data captured at POS terminals

question

Which of the following is NOT an advantage of using a distribution center?

answer

Customers know they are dealing with a more sophisticated and financially well-off operation if the firm uses a distribution center.

question

Which of the following is NOT one of the activities carried on in a distribution center?

answer

Distributing paychecks and paystubs for retail employees

question

__________ is when vendors ship merchandise prepackaged in the quantity required for each store to the distribution center.

answer

Cross-docking

question

Colin has just received a delivery from the company's distribution center. He opens the containers and finds the popcorn and snacks are all bar-coded, priced, and the package includes an end-of-the-aisle display rack. Colin has received a __________ shipment.

answer

floor-ready

question

Each time a politician or celebrity writes a book, bookstores can expect at least some customers to want the book, but whether or not it will become a bestseller is less certain. The bookstore's primary inventory management challenge is

answer

having enough books to satisfy customer demands versus the cost of having the inventory.

question

At the BMW plant in Spartanburg, South Carolina, suppliers deliver parts every four hours when the plant is in operation and are responsible for removing any packaging or pallets used to deliver their products. BMW uses a ______________ inventory control system.

answer

JIT

question

Especially in the fashion industry where styles and trends change rapidly, a quick response system can

answer

align deliveries more closely with actual sales.

question

Although conflict is likely to occur in any supply chain, it is generally more pronounced when

answer

the supply chain members are independent entities.

question

TT TOYS manufactures toys. The company recently started buying paint for its toys from a Chinese firm. This Chinese company is part of TT Toys'

answer

supply chain

question

A(n) __________ is the set of institutions that transfer the ownership of and move goods from the point of production to the point of consumption.

answer

marketing channel

question

A(n) __________ is a 13-digit code retailers can use to track inventory

answer

UPC

question

When Joe's Chicken Shack wants chicken delivered in smaller batches more frequently, it offers its distributors an incentive in the form of special bonuses to change their schedules. Joe's demonstrates which kind of power?

answer

reward

question

When their dry goods deliveries were late for the third time, Melissa withheld payment from her supplier until it was back on schedule. This is an example of ________ power.

answer

coercive

question

In a retail supply chain, the ________ records the purchase information and electronically sends it to the corporate office.

answer

POS terminal

question

The local auto supply store gets merchandise delivered to it by its manufacturers as soon as it has a need, reducing stockouts with minimal inventory. This demonstrates the concept of

answer

vendor-managed inventory.

question

Betty is assessing the effect of her firm's marketing communications. She should remember that the ultimate goal is to drive the receiver to action.

answer

True

question

Mobile marketing involves marketing to customers through wireless handheld devices such as mobile phones.

answer

True

question

Personal selling can only be successful through the use of print, newspapers, and radio.

answer

False

question

Gross Rating Points (GRP) measure how often the audience is exposed to a communication within a specified period of time.

answer

False

question

Frequency describes the percentage of the target population exposed to a specific marketing communication, such as advertisement, within a specified period of time.

answer

True

question

Especially for marketers with new products or services, IMC is needed because

answer

consumers are unlikely to buy products they are not aware of.

question

The IMC communication process includes all of the following EXCEPT

answer

evaluation

question

Which of the following is NOT a communication channel used in the IMC process?

answer

supply chain

question

__________ refers to the process by which the receiver interprets the sender's message.

answer

Decoding

question

If you ever watched a television commercial and at the end of the message wondered what they were promoting, you may have had trouble __________ the IMC message.

answer

decoding

question

In the IMC process, noise can occur as a result of lack of message clarity, a poor choice of medium, or

answer

competing messages.

question

Advertising agencies often provide the IMC function of comparing their customer's target audience with the viewer, listener, or reader profile of the communication channel being considered. The agency is most likely trying to avoid noise problems associated with

answer

a poor choice of medium.

question

The _____________ loop allows the receiver to communicate with the sender in the IMC process.

answer

feedback

question

Julia is driving down Interstate 95 on her way from New England to Florida and sees a billboard saying "South of the Border Restaurant and Motel is just 100 miles away." Julia has never heard of South of the Border before. After seeing the sign, she will most likely need additional exposure to the product before deciding whether to stop at South of the Border. This is an example of

answer

the lagged effect.

question

Which of the following is NOT one of the steps in the AIDA model?

answer

intention

question

In simple terms, the AIDA model is also known as the __________ model.

answer

think, feel, do

question

Even the best marketing communication can be wasted if the sender does not first

answer

gain the attention of the consumer.

question

In the movie Field of Dreams, one of the memorable phrases is, "If you build it, he will come." The AIDA model would suggest that after marketers "build" a product or service and create awareness among consumers, they need to

answer

create interest among consumers, persuading them to investigate further.

question

The goal of any marketing communication is to

answer

get the right message to the right audience through the right media.

question

Compared to mass media advertising, a key advantage of direct marketing in

answer

it allows for personalization of the message.

question

Cora will be a bridesmaid next summer, and has purchased her dress online. When she turns on her computer again, Cora is surprised to see special offers for matching accessories. This is an example of which marketing strategy?

answer

direct marketing

question

When purchasing books on Amazon.com, customers are shown other books and a message saying "Customers who purchased (your book) also purchased...." This is an example of

answer

direct marketing.

question

An ad for Bud Light ran six times during a recently televised football game. When measuring IMC results for this ad, six would be the __________ for this telecast.

answer

frequency

question

Charming Charlie's, a fashion accessories retailer, encourages visitors to its stores to "check in" using a smartphone app. In return, customers receive an instant coupon toward that day's purchase. This is an example of

answer

mobile marketing

question

In a television commercial for Chobani Greek yogurt, the manufacturer Chobani plays which role in the communication process?

answer

sender

question

An advertising campaign's objectives should be specific and measurable.

answer

True

question

A pulsing advertising schedule uses periods of heavy advertising followed by periods of no advertising.

answer

False

question

Although it is usually brief, the role of the subhead in print advertisements is to provide additional product information.

answer

True

question

Contests and sweepstakes are both forms of sales promotions, but a contest requires some sort of skill or effort, while a sweepstakes is a drawing of entrants' names.

answer

True

question

Kelly is the head of marketing for a nonprofit agency that supports the arts. She just received the go-ahead from her board of directors to conduct the agency's first-ever advertising campaign. Her first step will be to

answer

identify the target audience.

question

Advertising slogans such as "Don't text and drive" and "Buy flood insurance before it is too late" are examples of ads designed to

answer

persuade consumers to take action.

question

Because advertising is the most visible form of marketing,

answer

many people think of marketing and advertising as synonymous.

question

Yesenia is working on an advertisement to promote consumer awareness of the danger of solar radiation causing skin cancer. Yesenia's first concern will be to

answer

get consumers' attention.

question

Brent is working on an advertising campaign to promote downtown businesses. He knows the increasing number of advertising communication channels available and changes in consumers' media usage

answer

makes his job more difficult.

question

After using market research to identify the target audience for his advertising campaign, Jorge will next use this information to

answer

set explicit and measurable objectives for the campaign.

question

"Now available. The latest fall fashions." is an example of a(n) __________ advertising message.

answer

informative

question

Campbell's Soup Company ran a series of radio ads tied to local weather forecasts. Before an impending storm, the ads said "Time to stock up on Campbell's Soup." During the storm, the ads said, "Stay home and stay warm with Campbell's Soup." The first ad was __________ advertising, while the second ad was __________ advertising.

answer

persuasive; reminder

question

The content of an advertising message is closely tied to

answer

the characteristics of the media selected to carry the message.

question

Generally, which of the following is the most expensive media buy?

answer

television

question

In addition to Spanish-language media, which of the following mediums are experiencing significantly growing advertising expenditures?

answer

Internet

question

One of the advantages of niche media is it often allows marketers to

answer

change and personalize messages for different audiences.

question

A ____________ advertising schedule uses heavy advertising during some periods followed by periods of no advertising.

answer

flighting

question

A ____________ advertising schedule uses a base level of advertising during some periods followed by periods of increased advertising.

answer

pulsing

question

In the "create advertisements" step when planning and executing an ad campaign, often the execution style for the ad will

answer

dictate the type of medium used to deliver the message.

question

Thomas had conducted a thorough pretest before the new ad campaign, so he was fairly sure the elements would work together. A lot was riding on the success of the ad campaign, so he couldn't wait until the campaign was over to see how well it did. During the campaign, he will be monitoring the sales volumes on a daily basis as part of his

answer

tracking

question

Brett has developed a vitamin-enriched crouton in crazy colors that can be added to children's salads to make them more nutritious and fun. She'd like to ethically advertise the product directly to the children, so she is examining

answer

the Better Business Bureau's Children's Advertising Review Unit guidelines.

question

__________ are special incentives or excitement-building programs that encourage consumers to purchase a particular product, often used in conjunction with advertising or personal selling programs.

answer

Sales promotions

question

Sarah goes through the newspaper looking for coupons to help reduce her living expenses. Her roommate Paige doesn't read newspapers, let alone look through them for coupons. But Paige filled out a form from inside a cereal box entering her in a drawing for free exercise equipment. What kind of sales promotion reached Paige?

answer

sweepstakes

question

Actress Sissy Spacek once objected to a series of movie scenes that included her smoking a certain brand of cigarettes. She was probably objecting to a __________ arrangement the film company had made with an advertiser.

answer

product placement

question

Traditionally, marketers have seen the role of __________ as generating short-term results, whereas the goal of __________ was to lead to long-term results.

answer

sales promotion; advertising

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