Major Philosophies Of Education – Flashcards
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Perennialism Philosophical Base
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-Realism
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Perennialism Instructional Objective
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-To educate the rational person; to cultivate intellect
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Perennialism Knowledge
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-Focus on past & permanent studies; mastery of facts and timeless knowledge.
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Perennialism Curriculum Focus Trends
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-Classical subject;literary analysis; constant curriculum
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Perennialism Related Curriculum
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-Great Books Paideia proposal.
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Essentialism Philosophical Base
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- Idealism; realism
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Essentialism Instructional Objective
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-To promote the intellectual growth of the individual; to educate the competent person.
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Essentialism Knowledge
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-Essential skills and academic subjects; mastery of concepts and principles of subject matter.
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Essentialism Role of Teacher
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-Teacher is authority in his or her field; explicit teaching of traditional values.
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Essentialism Curriculum Focus Trends
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-Essential skills and essential subjects (Math, Science, History, & Foreign Language)
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Essentialism Related Curriculum
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-Back to basics: execellence in education.
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Progressivism Philosophical Base
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- Pragmatism (P)
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Progressivism Instructional Objective
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-To promote democratic, social living.
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Progressivism Knowledge
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-Knowledge lends to growth and development; a living-learning process; focus on active and interesting learning
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Progressivism Role of Teacher
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- Teacher is a guide for problem solving and scientific inquiry.
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Progressivism Curriculum Focus Trends
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-Based on students interests; involves the application of human problems and affairs; interdisciplinary subject matter; activities and projects.
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Progressivism Related Curriculum
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-Relevant curriculum; humanistic education; alternative and free schooling. (Dewey)
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Social Reconstructionism Philosophical Base
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- Pragmatism (S)
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Social Reconstructionism Instructional Objective
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-To improve and reconstruct society; education for change and social reform.
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Social Reconstructionism Knowledge
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-Skills and subjects needed to identify and ameliorate problems of society; learning is active, concerned with contemporary and future society.
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Social Reconstructionism Role of Teacher
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-Teacher serves as an agent of change and reform; acts as a project director and research leader, helps students become aware of problems confronting humanity.
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Social Reconstructionism Curriculum Focus Trends
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-Emphasis on social sciences and social research; examining social, economic, and political problems; focus on present and future trends.
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Social Reconstructionism Related Curriculum
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- Equality of education; cultural pluralism; international education; futurism.
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Critical Theory Philosophical Base
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- Marxism
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Critical Theory Instructional Objective
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- To challenge and deconstruct society, the status quo, powerful oppressors; to teach citizens to act politically for social justice.
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Critical Theory Knowledge
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-Focus on how the world works to privilege some and not others; awareness of race, class, gender, sexuality, and disability politics.
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Critical Theory Role of Teacher
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-Teacher acts with conscience and resolve as a social agent of change in the world of students.
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Critical Theory Curriculum Focus Trends
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-Teacher acts with conscience and resolve as a social agent of change in the world with students.
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Critical Theory Related Curriculum
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-Some forms of service learning socially active, alternative education programs.
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Perennialism Role of Teacher
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-Teacher helps students think rationally; based on the Socratic Method and oral exposition; explicit teaching of traditional values.
