Lifespan Test 1 – Flashcards
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When dealing with young infants, why is infant-directed speech preferred over normal adult speech?
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Infants pay more attention to infant-directed speech
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Which speech sound is always a single vowel-like sound?
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Coo
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Urvashi decides to help her friend find her lost cat because her friend is likely to give her a reward. This is an example of
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Prosocial behavior
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Mothers can be taught to interact more sensitivity, affectionately, and responsibly which increases the likelihood of secure attachment.
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True
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One-year-old Chatava is not upset when her mother leaves the room, and when her mother returns, Chatava turns away from her. Chatava is exhibiting ____ attachment.
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Avoidant
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Which child has most successfully resolved the "basic trust versus mistrust" stage of psychosocial development?
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Brian, who trusts most people but is still somewhat wary of others
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A secure infant attachment predicts ____ during later childhood.
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More capable peer interactions
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Securely attached infants tend to show ____ when reunited with a caregiver
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A need for a brief interaction
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Tiffany is an infant who has acquired hope. Which crisis of psychosocial development has she successfully resolved?
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Basic trust versus mistrust
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Elita is feeling guilty about sending her 18-month-old off to daycare. Assuming Elita is sending her daughter to a quality daycare center, should she be worried?
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No, as long as Elita provides "good parenting" when she's with the child at home
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Which of the following is not considered a basic emotion
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Anxiety
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Which baby is most likely to be insecurely attached?
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Jessica, whose parents tend to not respond to her crying
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Angelica and her younger brother Houston are both given three fountain pens, each containing clear ink, and are informed that some combination of ink will yield a color. Because Angelica is a formal operational thinker and Houston is a concrete operational thinker, how will their behavior likely differ?
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Angelica will spend more time thinking about the task and be more systematic when attempting to solve it
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If you are reading this quiz question for the first time, it is
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currently stored in working memory
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If a person believes in "general intelligence," then he or she believes that
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some people are smart, no matter the situation, task, or problem
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If the following children all have a mental age of 10, who has the highest IQ?
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Norm, who is 5 years old
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Self-discipline is a
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good predictor of school success; often better than IQ test scores
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In recent years, the definition of "gifted" has
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broadened to include areas like dance and music
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Children with developmental dyslexia benefit from two kinds of instruction. Which of the following reflects one of these types of instruction?
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Training in phonological awareness and instruction on the connections between letters and their sounds
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One myth concerning ADHD is that
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it is typically "outgrown" in adolescence
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You are a principal who is interviewing potential teachers for your school. Because your highest priority is student achievement, you should be most concerned that the teachers you hire
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earned high grades in college OR de-emphasize "hands-on" experience in the classroom
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The main limitation of concrete operational thinking is that such thought is limited to
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tangible, real-life examples
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Once Jim finds out that Henri is from France, he immediately dislikes him because he thinks French people are not trustworthy. What term best describes Jim's view of Henri?
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Prejudice
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Glenna hangs around two other friends who are the same sex and have similar attitudes and interests. This group of friends would most accurately be described as a
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Clique
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Because they have a permissive parenting style, you would predict that Alan and Sue's son would
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Have limited self-control
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When Sami is asked about what other people think of her, she has a very difficult time answering, because she can't seem to take her friend's perspective when looking at herself. What would Piaget call Sami's difficulty?
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Egocentrism
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What is the best advice you could give to an adolescent trying to gain popularity among his or her school peers?
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"Be nice."
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Peer pressure is always powerful and always bad.
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False
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Does watching TV violence really affect the behavior of children?
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Yes, it tends to be associated with more aggressive behavior
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Which parenting style might best be described as "low warmth and high control?"
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Authoritarian
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Which pair of siblings is most likely to get along very well?
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Ruth (a girl) and Greta (a girl)
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The two main dimensions of parental behavior are
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Warmth and control
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Girls typically begin their growth spurt ________ than boys
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earlier
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All brain regions reach maturity during adolescents.
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False
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How many of the following are considered secondary sex characteristics: growth of facial hair in boys, development of a functional uterus in girls, voice change in boys, and broadening of shoulders in girls?
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Three??
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Estrogen and androgen are present in both girls and boys.
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True
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Which factor seems to be most involved in timing of menarche in many industrialized nations over the past 150 years?
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Nutrition
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As a typical U.S. teen, Amber is most likely consuming
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too many calories and too little iron
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Fifteen-year-old Kristi was adopted when she was an infant. Her adult weight is best predicted by the
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weight of her biological parents
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Typical American teenagers tend to
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overestimate the danger of most risky behaviors and underestimate the likelihood that they will experience these consequences
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Adolescents develop ____ reasoning, which allows them to find weaknesses in arguments.
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logical
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Kohlberg believed that moral reasoning was consistent. Research has revealed that moral reasoning is_____
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inconsistent
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The attitudes, behaviors, and values that we believe make us unique individuals are called our
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self-concept
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Adolescent egocentrism is characterized by excessive
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self-absorption
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The drop in self-esteem often found when children first enter middle school appears to be due to
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peer comparisons
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Teenagers are less likely to engage in sexual activity when parents
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monitor their activities
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The most effective pregnancy prevention programs focus
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on abstinence, reproductive education, and sexual responsibility
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The main assumption of Holland's theory is that people
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will be happiest in work environments that match their personalities
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Your text indicates that many teenagers who smoke are convinced that cigarette smoking is harmless for healthy adolescents. Which concept does the best job of explaining this phenomenon?
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illusion of invulnerability
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Which teenager is most "at risk" for engaging in delinquent behavior?
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Kermit, who is unable interpret other people's intentions
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Erikson's theory has been very influential in helping us understand identity formation in adolescence.
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True
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Suicide is the leading cause of death in American teens.
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False
