Legal and Ethical Aspects of Health Information Management- Ch 7 – Flashcards

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Why should health-care providers be aware of bioethical issues?
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Without an understanding of bioethical issues, it is virtually impossible for the health-care provider to function or to protect both patients and providers.
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Name the ethical concepts at issue concerning the access of minors to contraception.
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-autonomy -best-interest standard -paternalism -right to personal liberty or control reproduction
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What ethical concerns are expressed about prenatal ethics?
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Concerns of personal liberty and autonomy are part of ethical discussions of prenatal testing, genetic screening, and prenatal surgery, as are concerns of humans "playing God."
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What does the term advance directives mean? Provide two examples.
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Advance directives are written instructions that describe the kind of health care the patient wishes to have or not have in the event the patient becomes incapacitated. Examples include living wills and powers of attorney for health care.
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Bioethics
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study of ethical issues related to medicine as a result from technologic and scientific advances
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Eugenics
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effort to control the human species through control of hereditary factors in mating
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Genetic Therapy/Genetic Engineering
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genetic therapy/genetic engineering
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Passive Euthanasia
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no heroic measures are taken to preserve life
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Active Euthanasia
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actions that speed up the dying process
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Withholding Treatement
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refrain from giving permission for treatment
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Withdrawing Treatment
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discontinue activities or remove forms of patient care; "right to die"
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Autografts
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Transplants using one's own body parts.
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Allografts/Homografts
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Transplants using a donor's body parts of the same species.
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Xenografts/Heterografts
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Transplants using animal tissue, cells, or organs.
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Roe vs. Wade
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restricting abortion impaired a woman's personal liberty and right to privacy
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United Network for Organ Sharing (UNOS)
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clearinghouse for organ procurement and matching
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Human Genome Project (HGP)
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designed to map human DNA genes and determine sequence of chemical base pairs
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Genetic Information Nondiscrimination Act (GINA)
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prohibits use of genetic information as a condition of eligibility for insurance and/or employment discrimination
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Stem cells are a special kind of cell not committed to conduct a specific function and that has the capability to renew itself and differentiate into specialized cells.
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True
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Spontaneous Abortion
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Miscarriage
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Therapeutic Abortion
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Performed for medical reasons
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Elective Abortion
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Performed for personal reasons
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An ethical concern related to HIV-infected persons is distributive justice, when healthcare providers are not notified of exposure to an infected person.
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False
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DNA mapping will have little affect on disease prevention.
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False
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