question

Among all age groups in America, about __ in _ people have CVD in some form

answer

1 3

question

#1 killer is __ #2 is ___ #3 is ___

answer

heart attack cancer stroke

question

_ % of people that have heart disease are under the age of 4

answer

15

question

America's biggest killer—more than any other single cause of death, for both women and men.

answer

CVD

question

What Is Cardiovascular Disease (CVD)?

answer

All the diseases of the heart, blood vessels, restriction of blood blow (blood flow, atherosclerosis (plaque build up)

question

CVD damages the heart and blood vessels, affecting

answer

blood oxidation and carbon dioxide waste removal.

question

can lead to hypertension or high blood pressure; goes hand in hand with atherosclerosis

answer

Arterial stenosis

question

most common form of CVD; a risk factor for other kinds of CVDs; it is a disease itself;

answer

Hypertension (sustained high blood pressure)

question

what can cause hypertension

answer

too much sodium, kidney disease/abnormality, issue with heart muscle itself;

question

pressure exerted on vessel walls; sending oxygen and nutrients to the body

answer

systolic

question

systolic is the __ number and we look for

answer

top 120 or less is what we like to see (140 or more to diagnose)

question

- pressure against artery walls when it is at relaxation phase

answer

diastolic

question

diastolic is the __ number and we look for

answer

bottom less than 80 recommended (90 or more to diagnos

question

Do one or both numbers of pressure have to be over to be diagnosed with hypertension?

answer

can be just one

question

Plaque Build-up in the

answer

arteries

question

CVD risk is __ % greater for a smoker than a non smoker

answer

70

question

- bad cholesterol; low density; encourages plaque build up

answer

LDL

question

good cholesterol; help to clean out the system and keep things flowing

answer

HDL

question

diets high in saturated fats and transfats leads to higher levels of

answer

LDL

question

being ___ is one of the greatest risk factors for CVD;

answer

inactive

question

CVD Risk Factors You Cannot Control

answer

Heredity, age, gender, race

question

__% of heart attacks occur in people over age 65

answer

75

question

How Can I Avoid CVD?

answer

Don't use tobacco Eat well Exercise regularly Manage your stress Control diabetes Avoid alcohol and drug abuse

question

A medical condition that develops gradually and persists for months or years

answer

Chronic Disease

question

Characterized as inadequate production of insulin or inadequate use

answer

Excessive urine production High amounts of sugar in blood and urine Often thirsty and thirsty Unexplained weight loss It is the fastest growing chronic disease in America

question

Type 1 diabetes Considered an ____ disease

answer

autoimmune

question

Type __ Diabetes: Destroys the pancreases ability to produce insulin

answer

1

question

Develops in childhood or adolescence

answer

Type 1 diabetes

question

Type __ Diabetes: Usually have to give themselves insulin

answer

1

question

Type __ Diabetes: Have to pay close attention to what they eat and stress levels

answer

1

question

5-10% of people w/ diabetes have

answer

Type 1 diabetes

question

Type __ Diabetes: Loss of ability for body cells to respond to insulin

answer

2

question

Type __ diabetes: Pancreas will overwork

answer

2

question

Main cause: inactivity and obesity

answer

Type 2 Diabetes

question

Type __ Diabetes: Referred to as adult onset

answer

2

question

90-95% of cases of diabetes are

answer

Type 2 Diabetes

question

Type __ Diabetes: They have to lose weight and medications

answer

2

question

Chronic Conditions and College Students: leading condition is

answer

allergies

question

What is diabetes?

answer

The inability to produce or use insulin (a pancreatic hormone needed to convert sugar and other substances into energy)

question

Usually develops in women during pregnancy

answer

Gestational Diabetes

question

May disappear after childbirth; creates a higher risk of mothers developing type 2 diabetes

answer

Gestational Diabetes

question

Glucose enters the __ from the __

answer

bloodstream digestive organs

question

COPD =

answer

Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease

question

Asthma is a chronic disease in which the

answer

lungs' airways swell, restricting airflow; it has a wide range of triggers.

question

COPD includes two lung diseases that disrupt airflow and create breathing problems: __ & __ IN __ % of both of these smoking is the primary trigger

answer

Emphysema Chronic Bronchitis 83

question

where irritant (tobacco smoke) has irritated and damaged cells that line the alveoli (air sacks in lungs) as they become inflames cells die and patient feels short of breath or that they are suffocating; some will develop congestive heart failure

answer

Emphysema

question

some kind will cause bronchial tubes to become inflamed and cause them to produce mucus (can impair breathing and puts them at high risk for infection bc extra fluid)

answer

Chronic Bronchitis

question

What Is Osteoporosis?

answer

A chronic, degenerative disease marked by thinning, brittle bones

question

Over half of Americans over 50 have the disease or early signs of it

answer

Osteoporosis

question

Osteoporosis common in your

answer

hip, spine, and in wrist

question

Osteoporosis Typically diagnosed through

answer

medical history and bone density test (DXA)

question

There are four groups of risk factors for osteoporosis:

answer

Genetic Hormonal Nutritional Lifestyle

question

women and men of what race generally get Osteoporosis

answer

caucasian and asian

question

A group of joint diseases characterized by acute or chronic inflammation of joints

answer

Arthritis

question

Causes stiffness, aching, and sometimes permanent deformation and dysfunction

answer

Arthritis

question

Breakdown of cartilage; mainly due to injury, use, obesity

answer

Osteoarthritis

question

Usually affects hips, knees, spine, fingers, toes

answer

Osteoarthritis

question

Most common type of arthritis, but if you have another type you are at high risk to develop

answer

Osteoarthritis

question

Because bones rub together causing inflammation they can develop

answer

bone spur or fluid build up

question

2nd most common arthritis considered an autoimmune disease

answer

Rheumatoid arthritis

question

Typically will occur in both sides of the body (both hands, both knees) Can affect skin, eyes, lungs, heart, blood vessels, and nerves

answer

Rheumatoid arthritis

question

Chronic, painful joint inflammation; genetically determined

answer

Rheumatoid arthritis

question

very common; misunderstood and misdiagnoses because most common complaint is joint and muscle pain and fatigue, depression and socially isolated more women than men to get disease (10% more likely) age range 25-60+ in older adult females; treating it with medication; respond well to aquatic therapy

answer

Fibromyalgia

question

- autoimmune disease, some people only suffer minor inconveniences or can have life long disability, will attack joint areas (pain, swelling, inflammation), blood vessels can be affected, heart, lungs, not one single factor that causes research thinks combo of heredity environment, immune system factors, and hormonal. Treatment medications, physical activity,

answer

Lupus

question

Osteoarthritis is __ times more likely to develop than rheumatoid arthritis.

answer

10

question

A group of diseases characterized by the uncontrolled growth and spread of abnormal cells

answer

cancer

question

The second most common cause of U.S. deaths

answer

cancer

question

Tobacco use cause at least _% of cancer deaths

answer

30

question

Cancer is characterized by

answer

damaged genes that mutate, forming a tumor.

question

considered not cancerous; potentially harmless unless growth gets in the way of normal functioning

answer

Benign tumors

question

considered cancerous; will grow rapidly, invade surrounding structures and tissues; will disrupt normal physiologic function

answer

Malignant tumors

question

mass of damaged mutated cells

answer

tumor

question

Both kinds of tumors start from Cells stick together in __ tumors

answer

one singe cell benign

question

____ is the spread of cancer.

answer

Metastasis

question

___ occurs when malignant cells produce growth factors that induce capillaries (blood vessels) to supply the tumor with oxygen, helping it to grow.

answer

Angiogenesis

question

Metastasis tumor cancer cells invade __ & enter ___. They aren't __

answer

normal tissue blood and lymph held together

question

solid tumors happen in epithelial tissue (skin, lining of body tissues)

answer

carcinomas

question

arise in muscles, bones, and other connective tissues

answer

Sarcomas

question

malignant growth of WBC lymphocytes; happen within lymph nodes, can be in infection fighting organs

answer

Lymphomas

question

nonsolid cancers characterized by an increase in WBC (not tumors); can happen within blood forming tissues in bone marrow and possibly the spleen

answer

Leukemias

question

______ (cancer specialists) recognize 4 stages of cancer Based on

answer

Oncologists size of tumor, number of lymph nodes if involved, extent of the metastasis

question

Male site with the highest number of cancer cases

answer

prostate

question

Female site with the highest number of cancer cases

answer

breast

question

Male and Female site with the highest number of deaths from cancer

answer

lung & bronchus

question

Is the Most Common Cancer

answer

Skin Cancer

question

5 % of all skin cancer are this case

answer

Malignant melanoma

question

Guidelines to catch skin cancer earliest form (moles/skin tags)

answer

ABCD Asymmetry, border irregularity, color that is not uniformed, diameter (greater than 6mm)

question

Most cases of lung cancer are not detected until stage

answer

3-4

question

female Reproductive Tract Cancers Include

answer

ovarian, uterine, and cervical cancer

question

Works by destroying malignant cells or inhibiting their growth Still one of the most effective forms of treatment

answer

radiation

question

Administered via intravenous drugs Often causes hair loss, nausea, and nutritional deficiencies Along with radiation treatment, it may also cause long-term damage to the heart, brain, and other organs

answer

chemotherapy

question

New treatments that may enhance the immune system Also includes gene therapies and potential stem cell treatments

answer

Immunotherapies

question

Smoking and tobacco use and alcohol increase cancer risk b/c

answer

when you break down alcohol, it increases your levels of estrogen and blocks ability to absorb nutrient

question

Being overweight increase cancer risk b/c __ produce an __ amount of __ also, obese people have ___, which can lead to ___

answer

fat cells increased estrogen increased insulin tumor growth

question

Many people going through cancer treatment try to get as __ as possible before, to help with their symptoms and treatment of cancer

answer

active

question

An Acronym for Cancer Prevention

answer

C-A-U-T-I-O-N Change in bowel or bladder habits A sore that does not heal Unusual bleeding or discharge Thickening or lump in the breast or elsewhere Indigestion or difficulty in swallowing Obvious change in a wart or mole Nagging cough or hoarseness

question

Average life expectancy:

answer

77.4 years

question

Characteristics of addiction include

answer

denial

question

Benefits of quitting smoking

answer

improved circulation, oxygen levels return to normal, improved sense of smell

question

Condoms protect against the transmission of

answer

HIV, gonorrhea, syphilis

question

Syphilis is transmitted via

answer

direct contact with sexual organs

question

syphilis is or is not an untreatable STI

answer

is not

question

The most common trait to successful relationships

answer

good communication

question

most people with chlamydia have

answer

no symptoms

question

Several days after engaging in unprotected sex, John begins to experience painful urination & a foamy yellow discharge. His symptoms suggested he had

answer

trichomoniasis

question

Sue is a 40 year old women who smokes, frequently uses tanning beds, & drinks 2-3 alcoholic drinks a day. she has increased her risk for

answer

breast, lung, and skin cancer

question

People without access to health care are more likely to

answer

wait to seek attention for serious symptoms

question

During their 20's and 30's most people reach their peak in

answer

strength, cardiovascular funct., bone mass

question

knowing your body, paying attention to its signals, and taking appropriate action to stop illness or injury

answer

self-care

question

tolerance to nicotine develops

answer

immediately

question

using a drug for a purpose in which it is not intended is

answer

drug misuse

question

the prodromal stage of herpes is characterized by __ at the site of the infection

answer

burning and tingling

question

A fit & well lifestyle integrates

answer

exercise, nutrition, stress reduction, healthy relationships, & spiritual wellness

question

Factors influencing environmental wellness

answer

climate changes, pollution, secondhand smoke

question

smoking contributes to heart disease by

answer

weakening tissues by oxygen deprivation, platelet adhesiveness, buildup of fatty deposit in the artery walls

question

most skin cancer deaths are caused by

answer

melanomas

question

a non-cancerous mole is

answer

symmetrical

question

if a person quits smoking, their risk of heart disease decreases by 50% in approx

answer

1 year

question

crabs in another name for

answer

pubic lice

question

leukemia cause an increase in

answer

white blood cell

question

a decline in the max functional level of individual cells, organs, and organisms

answer

aging

question

HIV is transmitted via

answer

semen, blood, vaginal secretions

question

cervical cancer is caused by

answer

HPV

question

in order to grow a malignant tumor needs

answer

oxygen and nutrients

question

new approaches to treating cancer focus on

answer

treating cancer as a genetic disease caused by a mutation

question

Alcohols effects on the CNS?

answer

pulse rate decreases

question

addiction

answer

continued involvement with or use of a substance despite negative consequences

question

Fatty liver is also known as

answer

cirrhosis

question

Pot warnings of cancer

answer

nagging cough change in bladder or bowl movements a sore that doesn't heal

question

__ cancer most common for males between the ages of 20 and 34

answer

testicular

question

cancer is localized and often treatable when it is in

answer

stage 1

question

T/F STIs can be transmitted via an infected mother to her infant

answer

true

question

T/F untreated STIs can cause infertility

answer

true

question

T/F there is no cure for viral STIs

answer

true

question

a tumor that is non-cancerous is

answer

benign

question

prostate cancer is most common in men

answer

over 50

question

A STI Is a ___ infection

answer

microbial

question

Hepatitis B can be transmitted via

answer

sharing needle with an infected person infected mother to a newborn sexual contact

question

side stream smoke contains more __ then mainstream

answer

ammonia carbon monoxide

question

Which STIS are bacterial infected

answer

chlamydia, gonorrhea, & syphilis

question

teens and young adults are more likely to contact an STI b/c

answer

multiple partners condoms inconsistently safe sex inconsistently

question

most common type of cancerous tumor

answer

Carcinoma

question

Smoking accounts for _____% of lung cancer deaths?

answer

78

question

Drinking increases _______ cancer in females.

answer

breast

question

is the leading killer of both men & women

answer

lung cancer

question

the A in ABCD stands for...?

answer

asymmetrical

question

an example of a sensory deficit caused by aging is

answer

going deaf

question

over time we have a cummulation of damage from internal sources(what we eat, do or don't do) and external sources( environmental sources) that wears body out, what to do on day to day basis, what we exposed too, anything happens to body

answer

wear and tear theory

question

from birth our cells are genetically program to divide replicate and multiple a limited number of times, once we reach peak level: cells and organs begin to deteriate, no control

answer

cellular theory

question

Female vs Male Avg age to live

answer

81 74

question

the number of cells that will exhibit and give into mutations increases with change

answer

Genetic theory

question

What segment of population is fastest growing today?

answer

Older adults 65 and older, because of baby boom, bigger than ever is, largest by 2030 and even greated by 2050

question

Thee Patient Protection and Affordable Care Act of 2010 extended to age ___ the time students can remain on their parents' health plan and removed lifetime caps on benefit payouts for student health coverage.

answer

26

question

What are the three Major Types of Bacteria STIs that we discused?

answer

Chlamydia, Gonorrhea, Syphillis

question

Major Types of Viral STIs we discussed?

answer

Herpes, Human Papilloma Virus (HPV), Hepatits B, HIV/AIDS

question

Most commonly reported STI in the United States

answer

Chlamydia

question

Louisiana has consistently had the highest rates of Louisiana has the 2nd highest rate of Louisiana has the 3rd highest rate of

answer

Syphilis Gonorrhea Chlaymdia

question

Primary phase Syphilis

answer

usually painless chancres on/in the sex organs, mouth, breasts, anus, or fingers;

question

secondary phase Syphilis

answer

flu-like symptoms, skin rash all over body, hair loss;

question

increased gray discharge with unusual odor

answer

Bacterial Vaginosis (Gardnerella)

question

Most commonly sexually transmitted virus in US Approximately ___ Americans are infected

answer

Human Papillomavirus Virus 20 million

question

sudden loss of function in brain caused by blockage or rupture of blood vessel

answer

stroke

question

blockage in blood vessel and oxygen and nutrients can't get through to brain (blood supply gets cut off)

answer

ischemic

question

blood vessel bursts- blood supply can't get where it needs to go

answer

Hemorrhagic

question

warning signs for stroke; brief interruption of blood supply than can cause numbness or dizziness

answer

TIAS

question

defect or heart disease present at birth

answer

Congenital heart disease

question

Heart muscle is damaged or overworked and heart is too weak to keep blood circulating through the body Can cause congestion in the body tissues and fluid in the lungs (making it difficult to breathe)

answer

Congestive heart failure (CHF)

question

irregular heart beat; can be extremely fast (more than 100 beats for minute) or slow heart rate

answer

Arrhythmias

question

can kill you within minutes because heart is not contracting and not sending out blood Is potential and could be fatal

answer

Fibrillation

question

chest pain happens as a warning sign because there is reduced blood supply and oxygen People will have chest pain at rest or while doing activity

answer

Angina Pectoris

question

- leads to Coronary heart disease; happens in the coronary arteries (supply blood to the heart)

answer

Atherosclerosis

question

hardening of the arteries

answer

Atherosclerosis

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