Key Terms – Space Flashcard
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Oxotremorine
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muscarinic selective; long acting (resists AChE hydrolysis); clinical use = experimental model of Parkinson’s disease tremor
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Accessibility
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defined in terms of relative location: opportunity for contact or interaction from a given point or location in relation to other locations.
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Capitalism
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a form of economic and social organization characterized by the profit motive & the control of the means of production, distribution, & the exchange of goods by private ownership.
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Cognitive distance
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the distance that people perceive to exist in a given situation.
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Cognitive image
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psychological representations of locations that are made up from people's individual ideas and impressions of these locations.
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Cognitive space
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space defined and measured in terms of the nature and degree of people's values, feelings, beliefs, & perceptions about locations, districts & regions.
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Distance-decay function
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rate at which a particular activity or process diminishes with increasing distance.
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Economies of scale
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cost advantages to manufacturers that accrue from high-volume production, since the average cost of production falls with increasing output.
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Formal region
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groups of areal units that have a high degree of homogeneity in terms of particular distinguishing features.
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Friction of distance
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the deterrent or inhibiting effect of distance on human activity.
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Functional regions
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regions with some variability in certain attributes but with an overall coherence to the structure and dynamics of economic, political, & social organization.
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Geodemographic research
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uses census data and commercial data (such as sales data & property records)about the populations of small districts in creating profiles of those populations for market research.
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Geographical imagination
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the capacity to understand changing patterns, changing processes, & changing relationships among people, places, & regions.
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Geographic information systems (GIS)
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an organized collection of computer hardware, software, & geographic data that is designed to capture, store, update, manipulate, & display geographically referenced information.
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Global positioning system (GPS)
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system of satellites that orbit the Earth on precisely predictable paths, broadcasting highly accurate time and locational information.
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Globalization
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the increasing interconnectedness of different parts of the world through common process of economic, environmental, political, & cultural change.
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Human geography
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study of the spatial organization of human activity & of people’s relationships with their environments.
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Identity
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the sense that people make of themselves through their subjective feelings based on their everyday experiences & wider social relations.
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Infrastructure (or fixed social capital)
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the underlying framework of services & amenities needed to facilitate productive activity
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Latitude
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the angular distance of a point on Earth’s surface, measured north or south from the equator, which is 0 degrees.
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Longitude
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the angular distance of a point on Earth’s surface, measured east or west from the prime meridian [passes through Greenwich, England.
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Neo-liberal policies
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economic policies that are predicated on a minimalist role for the state, assuming the desirability of free markers as the ideal condition not only for economic organization but also for political and social life.
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Physical geography
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a sub-area that studies the Earth’s natural processes & their outcomes.
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Region
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larger-sized territory that encompasses many places, all or most of which share similar attributes in comparison with the attributes of places elsewhere.
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Regional geography
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study of the ways in which unique combinations of environmental & human factors produce territories with distinctive landscapes & cultural attributes.
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Remote sensing
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collection of info about parts of the Earth’s surface by means of aerial photography or satellite imagery designed to record data on visible, infrared, & microwave sensor systems.
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Sense of place
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feelings evoked among people as a result of the experiences & memories that they associate with a place, & to the symbolism that they attach to it.
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Site
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the physical attributes of a location ---- its terrain, its solid, vegetation, & water sources, for example.
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Situation
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the location of a place relative to other places & human activities.
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Spatial analysis
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the study of geographic phenomena in terms of their arrangement as points, lines, areas or surfaces on a map.
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Spatial diffusion
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the way that things spread through space and over time.
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Spatial interaction
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the movement and flows involving human activity.
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Supernational organization
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the collections of individual states with a common goal that may be economic &/or political in nature; such organizations diminish, to some extent, individual stare sovereignty in favor of the group interest of the membership.
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Time- space convergence
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the rate at which places move closer together in travel or communication time or costs.
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Topological space
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the connections between, or connectivity of, particular points in space.
