jwcc chapter 6 test – Flashcards
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| WHAT IS THE BASIS FOR ASSIGNING VIRUSES GENUS STATUS? |
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| WHAT THE HOST IS, THE TARGET TISSUE, AND DISEASE. |
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| DISCUSS THE NAMING OF VIRAL GENERA |
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| ENDS WITH VIRUS |
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| HOW DO YOU RECOGNIZE A FAMILY BY THE ENDING |
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| ALL FAMILIES END WITH VIRDAE |
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| WHY ARE STANDARDIZED SPECIES NAMES NOT WIDELY ACCEPTED |
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| THEY LACK CELLS AND ARE NOT IN THE KINGDOM OR DOMAIN STRUCTURE |
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| WHEN A VIRUS INFECTS A BACTERIAL CELL IT IS CALLED A? |
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| BACTERIALPHAGE |
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| WHAT ADVANTAGE IS LYSOGENY TO THE BACTERIOPHAGE? |
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| BEING ABLE TO REPLICATE BUT NOT DESTROYING THE HOST. |
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| WHAT EVENTS CAUSE THE CONVERSION TO THE LYTIC STATE? |
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| THE EVENT THAT CAUSES INDUCTION IS EXPOSURE TO ULTRAVIOLET LIGHT. |
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| WHAT IS AN INCLUSION BODY? |
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| -AN INCLUSTION BODY IS any small intracellular body found within another (characteristic of certain diseases); "an inclusion in the cytoplasm of the cell" |
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| WHAT IS SYNCYTIUM/ SYNCYTIA (GIANT CELL)? |
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| A mass of cytoplasm having many nuclei but no internal cell boundaries. |
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| WHAT IS NEGRI BODIES? |
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| Negri bodies are eosinophilic, sharply outlined, pathognomonic inclusion bodies (2–10 µm in diameter) found in the cytoplasm of certain nerve cells containing the virus of rabies, especially in Ammon's horn of the hippocampus. |
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| WHAT IS ATYPICAL LYMPHOCYTES |
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| A lymphocyte is a type of white cell blood that helps to fight infections and defend the body against diseases |
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| GIVE THE GENUS NAME OF THE VIRUS AND ITS COMMON ASSOCIATED CPE OF CMV INVECTION |
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| CYTOMEGOLOVIRUS, GIANT CELLS AND NUCLEAR INCLUSION. (OWL'S EYE) |
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| GIVE THE GENUS NAME OF THE VIRUS AND ITS COMMON ASSOCIATED CPE OF MEASLES |
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| MORBILLIURUS SYNCTIA FORM (MULTINUCLEATE) |
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| GIVE THE GENUS NAME OF THE VIRUS AND ITS COMMON ASSOCIATED CPE OF HERPES |
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| SIMPLEX VIRUS- CELLS FUSE TO FORM MULTINUCLEATED SYNCTYIA, NUCLEAR INCLUSIONS. |
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| GIVE THE GENUS NAME OF THE VIRUS AND ITS COMMON ASSOCIATED CPE OF RABIES |
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| LYSSAVIRUS- NO CHANGE IN CELL SHAPE, CYTOPLASMIC INCLUSIONS (NEGRI BODIES) |
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| GIVE THE GENUS NAME OF THE VIRUS AND ITS COMMON ASSOCIATED CPE OF RSV INFECTION |
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| PNEMOVIRUS- MULTIPLE HOST CELLS INTO SINGLE LARGE CELLS CONTAINING MULTIPLE NUCLEI. |
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| WHAT IS MEANT BY THE PHRASE "PERSISTENT (CHRONIC) VIRAL INFECTION? |
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| CELLS ESCAPE DESTRUCTION BY HARBORING THE VIRUS IN SOME FORM FOR A SHORT PERIOD TO LIFE. |
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| NAME TWO EXAMPLES OF PERSISTENT (CHRONIC)VIRAL INFECTIONS. |
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| HERPES AND MEASLES. |
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| WHAT IS A ONCOGENIC/ONCOVIRUS VIRUS? |
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| A VIRUS THAT PERMINATELY ALTERS GENETIC MATERIAL LEADING TO CANCER. tHE EFFECT OF THE CELL IS TRANSFORMATION. |
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| NAME AN EXAMPLE OF AN ONCOVIRUS |
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| PAPILLOMAVIRUS, HERPES VIRUS, HEPATITIS VIRUS |
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| WHAT ARE THE METHODS USED TO GROW VIRUSES. |
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| PRIMARY CELLCULTIVAE, CELL LINES, BIRD EMBRYOS, PLAQUE, AND LIVE ANIMALS. |
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| WHAT ARE THE PRIMARY REASONS FOR GROWING VIRUSES IN A MEDICAL OR RESEARCH SETTING? |
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| TO ISOLATE AND IDENTIFY VIRUSES IN CLINICAL SPECIMENS. TO PREPARE VIRUSES FOR VACCINES AND TO DO DETAIL RESEARCH ON VIRAL STRUCTURE, MULTIPLICATION CELL GENETICS, AND THE EFFECTS ON THE HOST CELLS. |
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| DISCUSS THE PRIMARY PURPOSES OF VIRAL CULTIVATION IN A MEDICAL OR RESEARCH SETTING. |
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| TO ISOLATE AND IDENTIFY VIRUSES IN CLINAL SPECIMENS, TO PREPARE VIRUSES FOR VACCINES, TO DO DETAILED RESEARCH ON VIRAL STRUCTURE, MULTIPLICATION CYCLES, GENETICS , AND THE EFFECTS ON HOST CELLS. |
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| describe the lab method used for growing bacteriophages. |
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| you must first grow the cell in the lab and then inject the bacteriophages. |
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| DESCRIBE THREE LAB METHODS USED FOR GROWING ANIMAL VIRUSES. |
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| CELL CULTURE TECHNIQUE, BIRD EMBRYOS, USING LIVE ANIMAL INOCULATION. |
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| WHAT IS A PRION? |
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| MISFOLDED PROTEINS, AND CONTAIN NO NUCLEC ACID AND ARE EXTREMELY RESISTENT TO STERILIZATION TECHNIQUE. VIRTUALLY INDESTRUCTIBLE. |
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| NAME A HUMAN DISEASE CAUSED BY A PRION. |
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| CREUFIZFELDT JACOB SYNDROME (CJS) |
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| NAME AN ANIMAL DISEASE CAUSED BY A PRION. |
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| MAD COW DISEASE. |
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| NAME THE PROBLEM ASSOCIATED WITH DIAGNOSING A PRION DISEASE. |
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| DIAGNOSING REQUIRES EXAMINATION OF BIOPSIES OF THE BRAIN OR NERVOUS TISSUE, CONSIDERED TOO RISKY BECAUSE OF BRAIN TRAUMA TO THE PATIENT AND UNDESIRABILITY OF CONTAMINATING SURGICAL INSTRUMENTS OR THE O.R. |
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| WHAT WAS THE FIRST PLANT VIRUS IDENTIFIED? |
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| TOBACCO MOSSIAC VIRUS |
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| WHY WAS THE IDENTIFICATION OF THE FIRST PLANT VIRUS IMPORTANT? |
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| THIS WAS AMERICA'S CASH CROP. |
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| WHAT FEMALE CRYSTALLOGRAPHER TOOK PICTURES OF THE TOBACCO MOSIAC VIRUS? |
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| ROSALIND FRANKLIN |
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| WHAT IS THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN THE SMALL POX AND COW POX? |
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| PEOPLE WHO HAVE COW POX WERE IMMUNE TO SMALL POX. COW POX WERE A MILDER STRAIN. |
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| WHAT DOES VIRUS MEAN IN LATIN? |
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| POISON. |
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| WHAT IS THE SIZE RANGE OF VIRUSES |
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| LESS THAN 0.2 UM SEEN WITH ELECTRON MICROSCOPE |
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| WHAT IS THE CAPSID OF A VIRUS? |
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| PROTEIN SHELL, PROTECTION OF VIRAL NUCLEIC ACID, BINDING TO HOST'S CELL IMMUNOLOGICAL. |
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| WHAT IS THE NUCLEOCAPSID OF A VIRUS? |
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| CORE OF DNA OR RNA SURROUNDED BY THE PROTEIN SHELL |
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| WHAT IS THE ENVELOPE OF A VIRUS? |
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| ON SOME VIRUSES (ANIMAL) FLEXIBLE OUTER MEMBRANE COVERING THE NUCLEOCAPSID, MAY HAVE SPIKES THAT SERVE AS RECEPTOR SITES. |
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| WHAT IS A NAKED VIRUS |
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| NO ENVELOPE |
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| WHAT ARE CAPSOMERS? |
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| PROTEIN, BUILDING BLOCK OF CAPSULE, SELF ASSEMBLY |
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| EXAMPLE OF HELICAL CAPSIDS |
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| TOBACCO MOSAIC VIRUS |
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| EXAMPLE OF ICOSAHEDRON CAPSIDS |
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| ADENOVIRUS |
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| WHAT IS ON THE VIRAL ENVELOPE AND ITS IMPORTANCE |
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| SPIKES USED FOR ATTACHMENT SITES OF VIRUS TO HOST CELLS |
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| FUNCTIONS OF THE VIRAL CAPSID/ENVELOPE? |
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| ROLE IN INFECTION AND HOST DEFENSE. |
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| WHAT ARE COMPLEX VIRUSES |
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| POSSESS MORE DETAILED STRUCTURES THAN OTHER VIRUSES |
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| WHAT ARE POXVIRUSES |
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| DNA, NO CAPSID, HAVE LIPOPROTEIN LAYERS AND FIBRILS |
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| WHAT ARE BACTERIOPHAGES |
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| VIRUS THAT INFECTS BACTERIAL CELL. |
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| WHOSES ENZYMES DOES THE VIRUS USE FOR MAKING METABOLIC ENZYMES? |
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| THE HOST |
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| ASSOCIATED WITH RHABDOVIRUS. |
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| MICROSCOPIC APPEARANCE BULLET-SHAPED, SPIKED ENVELOPE, RABIES AND ANIMAL DISEASES |
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| ASSOCIATED WITH TOGAVIRUS |
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| MICROSCOPIC APPEARANCE CLOAK LIKE ENVELOPE, ENCEPHALITIS OF HORSE, MAN, RUBELLA. |
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| ASSOCIATED WITH ADENOVIRUS |
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| BODY LOCATION, FOUND IN ADNOIDS, RESPIRATORY INFECTIONS |
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| ASSOCIATED WITH LENTIVIRUS |
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| EFFECT ON HOST, SLOW CHRONIC INFECTION, RNA TUMOR, LEUKEMIAS, HIV |
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| ASSOCIATED WITH PICORNAVIRUSES |
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| ACRONM FOR SMALL RNA, VIRUS, RHINOVIRUS, ENTEROVIRUS, POLIO |
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| ASSOCIATED WITH REOVIRUSES |
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| ACRONYM FOR RESPIRATORY ENTERIC ORPHAN, VIRUSES INHABIT RESPIRATORY AND INTESTINE, MILD RESPIRATORY INFECTIONS, INFANTILE GASTROENERITIS. |
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| WHAT IS A VIRION |
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| COMPLETELY FORMED VIRUS, LOCATED OUTSIDE THE HOST CELL, VIRULENT (CAPABLE OF PRODUCING INFECTION IN HOST) |
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| WHAT IS THE LYTIC CYCLE |
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| HOST CELL BREAKS OPEN, RELEASING VIRONS |
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| WHAT IS THE LYSOGENIC CYCLE |
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| VIRUS REMAINS INACTIVE INSIDE HOST CELL AND DOES NOT LYSE HOST CELL |
