Jackson’s Presidency – Flashcards
Unlock all answers in this set
Unlock answersquestion
Where was Andrew Jackson born?
answer
In a log cabin on the frontier
question
Where were Andrew Jackson's parents from and where did they settle?
answer
From Ireland and settled in Carolina
question
What did Jackson study and why did he move to Tennessee?
answer
He studied law and set up a practice in Tennessee
question
How did Jackson become wealthy?
answer
by buying and selling land in Georgia and Alabama
question
What happened in Jackson's 20s?
answer
He was elected to Congress
question
What three activities did Jackson do as a "common person"?
answer
Brawls, gambling, and duels
question
What was Jackson's usual mood?
answer
Temperate and harsh to enemies
question
Why did Jackson's supporters admire him?
answer
He inspired and lead others
question
What was Jackson's nickname?
answer
"Old Hickory"
question
What were the Creeks' view of Andrew Jackson and what did they nickname him?
answer
Enemies "Sharp Knife"
question
What did Andrew Jackson do after taking office?
answer
Fired gov't workers and replaced them with his supporters
question
What did critics accuse Jackson of?
answer
reward Democrats who helped
question
What was the spoils system?
answer
the act of replacing gov't officials with supporters of a newly elected president
question
What did Jackson reward his supporters with?
answer
cabinet jobs
question
Which of Jackson's cabinet members was truly qualified for the position?
answer
Martin Van Buren
question
How often did Jackson meet with his Cabinet members?
answer
Never
question
What group did Jackson rely on instead of the Cabinet?
answer
a group of unofficial advisors named the Kitchen Cabinet
question
Who made up the Kitchen Cabinet?
answer
Democratic Leaders and newspaper editors who had a good sense of the nation's mood
question
Why was the Kitchen Cabinet given that name?
answer
Because Jackson met with them in the White House Kitchen
question
Democrats and Jackson's view on the Second US bank
answer
unconstitutional
question
Who was the President of the Second US Bank that Jackson didn't like?
answer
Nicholas Biddle
question
Who did Jackson think the Bank benefited?
answer
the rich
question
What was Clay's plan to keep the Bank?
answer
to persuade Biddle to apply for renewal only
question
Why did Jackson veto the Bank?
answer
Believed it was unconstitutional Federal gov't had no right to charter banks Benefited the rich
question
What did the U.S. use instead of the Federal Bank?
answer
Pet Banks
question
What were pet banks?
answer
State banks
question
What happened to the Bank of the United States?
answer
Closes and gov't money stopped being deposited into the bank
question
How many Native American tribes still existed in Jackson's Presidency?
answer
5
question
How did the tribes start to adopt the white ways?
answer
settled in communities, built schools and churches, developed their own written language, published newspapers and wrote their own Constitution
question
What caused Southern Planters in Georgia to need more land?
answer
Cotton plantations were spreading out
question
How did Jackson think he could solve the problem in Georgia?
answer
Removing Indians and installing them in Oklahoma
question
How did the tribes react to the Indian Removal Act?
answer
some tribes fought and were destroyed and some agreed to move to the West
question
What was the Trail of Tears?
answer
the trails in which the Cherokees marched out of Georgia and into Oklahoma
question
Why was it called the Trail of Tears?
answer
More than 1/5 of Native population died
question
How did Jackson feel about moving the Native Americans out of their land?
answer
felt proud in removing them "for good"
question
In reality, what did Jackson really do with the conflict between the Whites and INdians?
answer
he moved it merely across the Mississippi
question
How did the Cherokees feel about the Indian Removal Act?
answer
felt betrayed by Jackson
question
Who did the Supreme Court side with regarding the INdian Removal Act?
answer
Cherokees
question
What did the Supreme Court say of the Indian Removal Act?
answer
unconstitutional
question
Who were the four Presidents that also believed in removing the Indians?
answer
Thomas Jefferson, John Adams, James Monroe, and James Madison
question
Why did Jackson hate the Indians in his youth?
answer
He believed his mother's relative was killed by the Natives
question
How many Natives died in the Trail of Tears?
answer
10,000
question
Where were Cherokee held before they left for Oklahoma?
answer
In prison camps
question
What was Jackson known as to the Cherokee?
answer
"Great Devil" or "BlackHeart"
question
Who was Andrew Jackson's VP for his first term?
answer
John Calhoun
question
Who was Andrew Jackson's VP for his second term?
answer
Martin Van Buren
question
Why were the Natives pushed out of their land?
answer
Georgia had a problem with the Cherokees because they were using their land to grow cotton
question
Who was the Supreme Court Chief Justice who was against the Indian Removal Act?
answer
John Marshall
question
How did the Natives try to fight the Indain Removal Act?
answer
John Marshall filed a law suit and said it was unconstitutional
question
Which present day state was the Indian Territory located in?
answer
Oklahoma
question
Which group of people from which area of the US would have mostly voted for Andrew Jackson?
answer
Frontiersmen in the West
question
Who was the Cherokee who created the Native alphabet?
answer
Sequoyah
question
Who was the President that followed Andrew Jackson?
answer
Martin Van Buren
question
Who was the President that followed Buren?
answer
William Henry Harrison
question
Who were the four candidates in the Election of 1824?
answer
Johnn Quincy Adams, Henry Clay, Andrew Jackson, and William Crawford
question
About Candidate: John Quincy Adams
answer
Son of John Adams Member of Upper Class uncomfortable among "common people"
question
About Candidate: Henry Clay
answer
Speaker of House of Representatives Wasn't very popular with states
question
About Candidate:Andrew Jackson
answer
Popular in the West People saw him as a man of people
question
About Candidate:William Crawford
answer
Favored in the South
question
What were all the candidates of the Election of 1824?
answer
Members of the old Republican party
question
Who won the popular vote?
answer
Jackson
question
Who chose the President instead of the electoral college?
answer
House of Representatives
question
What did Jackson accuse Henry Clay and John Quincy Adams of?
answer
Corrupt Bargain
question
What was the "corrupt bargain"?
answer
Clay urged House of Representatives to vote for Adams. After Adams became Pres. Clay was appointed as his Secretary of State
question
How did Americans feel about the Election of 1824?
answer
angered
question
What was Adams' plan to create unity?
answer
Wanted gov't to pay for new roads and canals Help farms transport goods to market
question
What was the result of Adams' plan?
answer
Congress only gave money for roads and canals
question
Who was the founder of the Whigs?
answer
John Quincy Adams
question
What were the beliefs of the Whigs?
answer
Federal gov't builds economy
question
Who did the Whigs include?
answer
Business people, Southern planters, and former federalists
question
Who was the founder of the Democrats?
answer
Andrew Jackson
question
Who did the Democrats include?
answer
Frontier farmers, factory workers, and common people
question
What were the beliefs of the Democrats?
answer
Unintrusive gov't Separation of Church and State
question
What two political parties emerged in the election of 1828?
answer
Whigs and Democrats
question
Who won the Election of 1828?
answer
Andrew Jackson won
question
What was the new way of choosing candidates after the election of 1828?
answer
Nominating conventions instead of a caucus
question
New Suffrage Changes
answer
Men no longer had to own property to vote
question
Suffrage that stayed the same
answer
Women and African Americans were still not allowed to vote
question
What nickname did Jackson earn in his Inauguration and why?
answer
"reign of King Mob" because ordinary working people jammed into Washington misbehaving
question
What was Martin Van Buren's position in Jackson's first term?
answer
Secretary of State
question
What was Martin Van Buren's position in Jackson's second term?
answer
Vice President
question
What was Martin Van Buren's relationship with Jackson?
answer
Jackson's close friend and political advisor
question
Panic of 1837
answer
-Britain bought less cotton from America making prices drop - banks went bankrupt
question
Who were the candidates for the Election of 1840?
answer
Martin Van Buren for reelection and William Henry Harrison (Whig)
question
Who won the election of 1840?
answer
Harrison
question
WHen was the Age of Jackson over?
answer
When Harrison won the election of 1840
question
How did Jackson justify the Spoils System?
answer
saying that puttin new people into gov't furthered democracy
question
Advantages of the Bank
answer
Safe place to keep money Maintained a stable currency
question
Disadvantages of the Bank
answer
Enriched the wealthy at the expense of the common people
question
How does the Tenth Amendment limit federal powers?
answer
by reserving all other rights not specified for the federal gov't to the states or the people
question
Why did John Calhoun favor nullification?
answer
He believed Southerners had to pay more with these tariffs which was unfair
question
What were the mistakes in gov't planning when removing the Indians?
answer
not providing enough tents, food, blankets, shoes, winter clothes, and other supplies
question
Caucus
answer
private meeting of members of a political party
question
Suffrage
answer
the right to vote
question
Nominating convention
answer
Large meeting of party delegates to choose candidates for office
question
Who was the first president to express Democratic ideas?
answer
Andrew Jackson
question
Democratic
answer
ensuring that all people have the same rights
question
Nullification
answer
idea that a state had the right to cancel a federal law it considered unconstitutional
question
Which state threatened to secede the Union and why?
answer
South Carolina because of high tariffs
question
What three jobs/positions did Andrew Jackson hold before becoming President?
answer
Lawyer, Judge, and Senator
