IT Final – Flashcard
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T/F Employers often search the Internet to find information about potential employees before they make hiring decisions.
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True
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The goal of the _____ step of systems development is to gain a clear understanding of the problem to be solved or opportunity to be addressed.
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systems investigation
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The _____ is the number of years required to recover the initial cost of an investment.
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payback period
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In some cases, inaccurate information is generated because inaccurate data is fed into the transformation process. This is commonly called _____.
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garbage in, garbage out (GIGO)
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T/F A management information system (MIS) typically provides standard reports generated with data and information from a transaction processing system (TPS) or enterprise resource planning (ERP) system.
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true
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T/F Augmented reality is a new form of virtual reality that enables a user to become fully immersed in an artificial, computer-generated 3D world.
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False
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Michael Porter proposed a now widely accepted competitive forces model that includes _____ forces.
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Five
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T/F An intranet is a network based on Web technologies that allows selected outsiders, such as business partners and customers, to access authorized resources of a company's extranet.
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False
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_____ consists of computer programs that govern the operation of a computer.
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Software
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The World Wide Web (WWW) is a network of links on the Internet to documents containing text, graphics, video, and sound.
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True
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Which of the following statements is true of embedded operating systems?
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They are dedicated to the control of another device.
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A type of memory that loses its contents if the power is turned off is said to be _____.
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volatile
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T/F With the redundant array of independent/inexpensive disks (RAID) approach, data can be split and stored on different physical disk drives using a technique called mirroring to evenly distribute the data.
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False
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One advantage of proprietary software versus off-the-shelf software is that _____.
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the software provides a company a competitive advantage by solving problems in a unique manner
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A _____ displays icons and menus that people use to send commands to a computer system.
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graphical user interface
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A _____ contains an embedded chip that only needs to be held close to a terminal to transfer its data; no PIN number needs to be entered.
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contactless payment card
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T/F To run, applications request services from the operating system through a defined application program interface (API)
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True
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Cloud computing refers to the use of computing resources, including software and data storage, on local computers.
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False
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T/F A multicore microprocessor combines two or more independent processors into a single computer so that they can share the workload and boost processing capacity.
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True
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T/F as a Service (SaaS) allows businesses to subscribe to Web-delivered application software by paying a monthly service charge or a per use fee.
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True
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T/F When organizing a database, one of the key considerations include determining who will have access to the collected data.
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True
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T/F Oracle is currently the market leader in general purpose databases, with about three-fourths of the multibillion dollar database market.
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False
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T/F The role of a data administrator is to plan, design, create, operate, secure, monitor, and maintain databases.
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False
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In a relational database, _____ is the ability to combine two or more tables through common data attributes to form a new table with only the unique data attributes.
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linking
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A(n) _____ is s field or set of fields in a record that uniquely defines the record.
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primary key
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_____ is a data visualization technique in which data is represented as networks where the vertices are the individual data points and the edges are the connections among them.
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Social Graph Analysis
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T/F A NoSQL database is highly scalable, meaning that a large database may be distributed across hundreds, thousands, or even tens of thousands of servers running the same NoSQL database management system.
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True
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A(n) _____ is a basic building block of most information, consisting of upper-case letters, lowercase letters, numeric digits, or special symbols.
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character
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T/F One data cleansing solution is to identify and correct the data by cross-checking it against a validated data set.
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True
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A business intelligence dashboard is a _____ tool that displays the current status of the key performance indicators (KPIs) for an organization.
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data visualization
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T/F Transmission media can be divided into two broad categories: guided transmission media and wireless.
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True
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The fiber-optic cables that span the globe over land and under sea make up the _____.
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Internet Backbone
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A _____ satellite system employs many satellites that are spaced so that, from any point on the Earth at any time, at least one satellite is on a line of sight, each in an orbit at an altitude of less than 1,000 miles.
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low earth orbit satellite (LEO)
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T/F Web sites such as Wikipedia, YouTube, and Facebook are examples of Web 1.0 sites.
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False
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T/F Extensible Markup Language (XML) is used within a Web page to describe and transfer data between Web service applications.
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True
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T/F A router is a network device that serves as an entrance to another network.
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False
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John is traveling on a bus and has interconnected his smartphone, laptop, and digital camera to download digital photos from his camera to his phone and laptop. In this case, John is using a _____.
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personal area network (PAN)
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A _____ is a network that uses multiple access points to link a series of devices that speak to each other to form a network connection across a large area.
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mesh network
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T/F In cloud computing, software and storage are accessed without a Web browser.
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False
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The Internet is migrating to Internet Protocol version 6 (IPv6), which uses _____ addresses to provide for many more devices.
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128-bit
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Transmission media can be divided into two broad categories: guided transmission media and wireless.
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True
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The goal of _____ is to reduce costs and improve customer service, while at the same time reducing the overall investment in inventory in a supply chain.
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supply chain management
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T/F Supply chain management software automates and integrates the functions of sales, marketing, and service in an organization.
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False
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In an order processing system, a(n) _____ is printed at the warehouse from which an order is to be filled on the day the order is planned to be shipped.
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product pick list
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A _____ is a credit card issued to selected employees to help streamline the traditional purchase order and invoice payment processes.
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procurement card
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In a purchasing system, when an invoice arrives from a supplier, it is matched to ______ and a check is generated if all data is complete and consistent.
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the original order and the receiving report
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_____ enterprise resource planning (ERP) vendors target large multinational firms with multiple geographic locations and annual revenue in excess of $1 billion.
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Tier 1
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T/F Although the business-to-business (B2B) market grabs more of the news headlines, the business-to-consumer (B2C) market is considerably larger and is growing more rapidly.
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False
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T/F With an online transaction processing (OLTP) system, each transaction is accumulated over a period of time and prepared for processing in a large batch of similar transactions.
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False
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T/F Large organizations, specifically members of the Fortune 1000, were the first to take on the challenge of implementing enterprise resource planning (ERP).
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True
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T/F The Secure Sockets Layer communications protocol secures sensitive data involved in e-commerce without the use of encryption.
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False
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T/F The use of management information systems spans all levels of management in an organization.
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True
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The focus of a DSS is on decision-making _____ when faced with unstructured or semistructured business problems.
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effectiveness
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An effective _____ MIS enables an organization to keep personnel costs at a minimum while serving the required business processes needed to achieve corporate goals.
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human resource
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The nominal group technique (NGT) is a structured method for group brainstorming that encourages contributions from the top management of an organization.
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False
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A typical decision support system (DSS) includes many components including a(n) _____ which allows decision makers to easily access and manipulate the DSS and to use common business terms and phrases.
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dialogue manager
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_____ is the stage of the problem-solving process in which a solution is put into effect.
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implement
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T/F Marketing functions determine the various media to be used to inform potential customers about a product or service.
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True
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The two phases of problem solving added by Huber to Simon's original three-stage model of decision-making are _____.
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implementation and monitoring
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T/F An executive dashboard is a diagram that presents a set of key performance indicators about the state of a process at a specific point in time to enable managers make better real-time decisions.
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True
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T/F Product pricing is important to identify products, sales personnel, and customers that contribute to profits and those that do not.
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False
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Robotics involves developing mechanical or computer devices that can paint cars, make precision welds, and perform tasks that require a high degree of precision or are tedious or hazardous for human beings.
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True
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One special application of computer technology is derived from a mathematical theory called _____ that involves the use of information systems to develop competitive strategies.
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game theory
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T/F The main purpose of the user interface is to make an expert system easier for users and decision makers to develop and use.
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True
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In an expert system, the _____ is the component that delivers the expert advice.
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explanation facility
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A domain expert is a person with the expertise an expert system is trying to capture.
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True
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T/F A neural network relies on massively parallel processing to enable a computer to simulate the function of a human brain.
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True
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The _____ stores all relevant information, data, rules, cases, and relationships that an expert system uses.
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knowledge base
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Assistive technology systems help overcome disabilities or improve health.
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True
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Graphic images can be stored in a variety of formats including _____.
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JPEG GIF
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A network of doctors investigating new treatment techniques for cancer is an example of a _____.
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community of practice
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T/F Today, most organizations purchase or rent the software they need rather than make it because it costs too much and takes too long to build a quality information system.
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True
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A _____ is a detailed description of when project activities are performed.
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project schedule
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A _____ takes the system design from the systems analysis team and builds or modifies the necessary software.
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programmer
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A _____ is a critical date for completing a major part of a project, such as program design, coding, testing, and cutover.
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project milestone
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T/F Feasibility analysis is a major step of the system construction phase of the traditional systems development life cycle.
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False
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T/F Agile is better suited for developing larger information systems than smaller ones.
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False
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In the context of data-flow diagrams, the _____ identifies the function being performed.
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process symbol
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T/F The Rational Unified Process (RUP) stresses quality as the software is changed and updated over time.
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True
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Functional decomposition is a technique used primarily during the investigation phase of a traditional systems development life cycle to define the business processes included within the scope of a system.
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zero
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_____ is an inflammation of the nerve that connects the forearm to the palm of the wrist.
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Carpal tunnel syndrome (CTS)
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T/F Phishing has become such a serious problem that several companies have formed the Domain-based Message Authentication, Reporting, and Conformance (DMARC) group to provide improved e-mail security and protection from phishing.
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True
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Proper use of antivirus software requires:
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scanning all removable media before copying programs from them.
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T/F Most computer-related mistakes are caused by machine error
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False
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The Internet Crime Computer Center (IC3) is an alliance between ______.
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the White Collar Crime Center and the Federal Bureau of Investigation
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A(n) _____ is a computer savvy person who attempts to gain unauthorized or illegal access to computer systems to steal passwords, corrupt files or programs, or even transfer money
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hacker
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T/F A rootkit is a type of Trojan horse that executes when specific conditions occur.
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False
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A useful guideline to protect corporate computers from criminal hackers is to:
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install antivirus software on all computers.
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T/F The combination of duties is a key concept of good internal controls.
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False
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T/F Role-based system access means that only people who fill a certain role can access a specific system.
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True
