ISM CHAPTER 9 QUIZ – Flashcards
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business intelligence (BI) systems
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are information systems that process operational and other data to analyze past performance and to make predictions
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business intelligence
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the patterns, relationships, and trends identified by BI systems. Can be used for problem solving and during project management. PRIDE can be used to support a project to reduce medical costs by reducing office visits. (p.228)
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five standard components
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hardware, software, data, procedures, and people
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BI application
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the software component of a BI system
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decision support systems
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synonym for decision-making BI systems
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problem
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difference between what is and what ought to be
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AllRoad's competitive strategy
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maintain a huge inventory selection so that it has the parts customers want. AllRoad might use BI to buy smarter, reducing its inventory but still maintaining its strategy
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What are typical uses for BI?
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(p.228-229)
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Identifying Changes in Purchasing Patterns
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(p.228-229)
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BI for Entertainment & Predictive Policing
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229
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Predictive Policing
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police departments analyze data on past crimes, including location, date, time, day of week, type of crime, and related date, to predict where crimes are likely to occur.
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What are the three primary activities in the BI process?
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(p.230) acquire data, perform analysis, and publish results
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data acquisition
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the process of obtaining, cleaning, organizing, relating, and cataloging source data
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BI analysis
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is the process of creating business intelligence
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three fundamental categories of BI analysis
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reporting, data mining, and BigData
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publish results
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is the process of delivering business intelligence to the knowledge workers who need it
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push publishing
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delivers business intelligence to users without any request from the users, the BI results are delivered according to a schedule or as a result of an event or particular data condition
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pull publishing
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requires the user to request BI results. Publishing media include print as well as online content delivered via Web servers, specialized Web servers known as report servers, and BI results that are sent via automation to other programs
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Addison and Drew identified criteria to find parts
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230-231
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Acquire Data, Analyze Data
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231
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publish results
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last activity in the BI process (P.235)
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How do organizations use data warehouses and data marts to acquire data?
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236
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data warehouse
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facility for managing an organization's BI data. The functions of a data warehouse are to obtain, cleanse, organize & relate, & catalog data
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components of a data warehouse
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236
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problems with operational data
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237
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dirty data
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problematic data
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source & inconsistent data
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238
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granularity
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the level of detail represented by the data. It can be too fine or too coarse.
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curse of dimensionality
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239
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data mart
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a data collection, smaller than the data warehouse, that addresses the needs of a particular department or functional area of the businesses
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What are three techniques for processing BI data?
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240 reporting, data mining, & big data
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reporting analysis
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the process of sorting, grouping, summing, filtering, and formatting structured data
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structured data
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data in the form of rows and columns. It also means tables in a relational database, but it can refer to spreadsheet data as well
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exception reports
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reports produced when something out of predefined bounds occurs
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data mining
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the application of statistical techniques to find patterns and relationships among data for classification and prediction. (p.240)
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unsupervised data mining
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analysts do not create a model or hypothesis before running the analysis. Instead, they apply the data mining technique to the data and observe the results
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cluster analysis
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one common unsupervised technique. Statistical techniques identify groups of entities that have similar characteristics (p.241)
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Supervised data mining
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data miners develop a model prior to the analysis and apply statistical techniques to data to estimate parameters of the model
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regression analysis
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one such analysis, which measures the impact of a set of variables on another variable
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BigData
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a term used to describe data collections that are characterized by huge volume, rapid velocity, and great variety (p.241-242)
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MapReduce
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a technique for harnessing the power of thousands of computers working in parallel (p.242)
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Hadoop
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open source program supported by the Apache Foundation that manages thousands of computers and that implements MapReduce. Hadoop includes a query language entitled Pig. (p.243)
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What are the alternatives for publishing BI?
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(243-244) Email or collaboration tool, web server, SharePoint or BI server
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Static reports
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BI documents that are fixed at the time of creation and do not change
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What are the two functions of a BI server?
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246
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BI server
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Web server application that is purpose-built for the publishing of business intelligence
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Founder of SAS
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Jim Goodnight
