Introduction to IT – Flashcards
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What does the acronym IPOS stand for?
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Input, process, output, storage. (IPOS) represent the different tasks of computers.
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Which of the following is/are true of the IPOS cycle
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Once words, numbers or images are entered, a computer processes the data into useable information that can then be accessed to answer questions or meet specific needs. Correct. This is a description of how a computer uses the IPOS cycle.
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Which of the following include only elements of a computer system? Select all that apply
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CPU, users, keyboard, and memory Monitor, print drivers, operating system, and mouse
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Which of the following is an accurate definition of a computer system?
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A computer system is a collection of hardware and software components that work together to meet the needs of the user.
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Which of the following is an accurate statement about the software in a computer system? Select all that apply.
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A computer system needs software to be able to communicate with users as well as other computers. Software must be part of the computer system in order for the system to be useful. The software in a computer system may be shared if the system is a part of a network. Correct. All three of these are accurate statements about the software in a computer system.
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Which of the following would NOT be considered hardware?
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Correct. A word processor is a software program to enter data and is not part of a computer's hardware.
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Teachers in the Lincoln County School District are complaining about the speed of the Internet in their classrooms. Marcus, the IT Coordinator, has a limited amount of money to spend to address the issue. Select the option below that uses hardware or software to help solve the problem.
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Marcus determines the school's routers that transmit information from the Internet across the district are slow and outdated, so he will use the money to replace them.
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Select the statement that best describes the difference between software and hardware.
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Computer software is developed by writing a program using programming language whereas computer hardware is the physical components such as memory modules and disk drives.
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Which answer most accurately describes the timeline of computer development?
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First, computers built and programmed by engineers. Next, limited use of computers by large organizations. Next, introduction of personal computers. Lastly, Graphical User Interface systems are introduced.
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Which statements about the history of computer development are correct? Select all that apply.
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The development of new hardware and software requires special training. The following are examples of Graphical User Interface systems: GPS systems, ATM machines, and tablets and smart phones. The capabilities and complexities of computers have grown substantially, but the ease of use has also made them user friendly. Correct. These three options accurately describe the history of computer development.
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How have computer users changed over the last 75 years?
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Almost anyone can be a computer user today whereas in the past only computer scientists and those with specialized training used computers.
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Which of the following would NOT require the use of a network?
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Loading a statistical program on your personal computer.
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Which of the following statements describes why network protocols are necessary
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Network protocols are necessary for computers to communicate with each other.
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Which of the following statements describe why businesses use networks? Select all that apply.
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Businesses use networks for data sharing. Businesses use networks to reduce costs. Businesses use networks for customer support.
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Which of the following statements is true of computer networks
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Computer networks allow individuals to share many types of resources.
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Which of the following describes local computers only?
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Is a computer that a person is physically at. Correct. Where a person and computer are located together makes a computer local.
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Which of the following is the best definition of a computer network?
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A computer network is a collection of computers and computer resources (e.g., printers, file servers) connected in such a way that the computers can communicate with each other and their resources. Correct. Computer networks include the physical computers as well as other hardware devices such as printers and software and networks allow all devices to communicate.
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What is the most common type of network connection in use today?
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Fiber optic and UTP
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Which of the following type of transmission is paired correctly with the given media?
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fiber optic cable - light impulses
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Why would it be desirable to use a switch as opposed to a hub in a network?
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Because switches only transfer information to specific computers within a network and not all of the computers, the bandwidth used with a switch is less than that of a hub.
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Which of the following devices is used to connect one network to another network?
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router
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Which of the following communication system hardware devices is commonly used as a wireless access point?
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router Correct. Routers can be used as a wireless access point.
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Which of the following are characteristics of a packet-switched network?
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B. The choice of pathway is based on network availability and amount of message traffic. C. The route is established one branch at a time.
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How do a router and switch differ when handling a message?
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The router will purposefully drop messages if message traffic exceeds its capacity. Correct. A router has additional decision-making capabilities compared to a switch.
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In a client-server network, what is the role of the server?
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The role of the server is to take requests from the client and send back the requested information.
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How do virtual machines support a business computing ecosystem?
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A virtual machine (VM) is made available by software and permits a computer to run multiple OSs. In a business ecosystem, this allows for improved collaboration that is not restricted by platform software. Correct. A virtual machine allows a computer of one operating system to run other operating systems and applications specific to that alternative OS.
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Which of the following servers responds to HTTP requests on the Internet?
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web server
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Which of the following servers monitors requests, but doesn't send files in return?
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print server
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Which of the following servers can generate reports from client queries?
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database server
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Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of a bus network topology?
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Expensive compared to other topologies.
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Which of the following types of networks has each device in the network connected in a single point-to-point connection with a central HUB?
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star network
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Which of the following best describes the benefits of a star network topology?
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It is easy to add (or remove) devices on a star network and maintain the efficiency of message transferal.
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Which of the following describes the knowledge stage in the DIKW model?
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A management decision on how many people to hire after observing current employee levels and upcoming marketing promotions.
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As a new sales manager, Sylvia is studying the sales report numbers to determine the top three salespersons of the year. At which stage of the DIKW hierarchy is Sylvia working?
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Information
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Marcus has a summer job working at a real estate agency. He is entering client addresses into the company's computer system. At which stage of the DIKW hierarchy is Marcus working?
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Data
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Which of the following statements are true about an information system? Select all that apply.
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An information system does not need to involve technology. An information system is different than Information Technology.
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Which of the following statements describes the difference between information systems and information technology?
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An information system does not have to use computer hardware or software; whereas information technology requires the use of hardware and software.
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Which of the following descriptions best represents the reliable characteristic of quality data?
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Each year, the annual sales data was gathered for the same time period, using the same instruments and collection processes.
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Which of the following statements best represents the relevant characteristic of quality data?
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The data used applies to the question being answered.
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Which of the following statements is true of cloud computing?
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Cloud computing allows for the offloading of computation and storage from your local computer.
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Which of the following statements is true of intranet?
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A company's internal email system would be an example of a intranet.
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Which software is run automatically rather than by the end user?
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System
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What is a program that will allow a computer to easily access the hardware and software of the computer system?
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Operating system
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An operating system will issue commands using the command line prompt by?
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Typing in commands
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Which of the following operating systems is for workstations?
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Windows 7/8
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Which of the following operating systems is for mobile devices?
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Android
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Which of the following operating systems is for servers?
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Windows Server
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Which layer of the operating system will handle process management, resource management, and memory management?
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Kernel
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Which layer of the operating system provides access to the kernel?
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Shell
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Which layer of the operating system run in the background and will handle an event?
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Services
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Which of the following is a role of an administrator account?
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Manipulate system files
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Which account is also referred to as root or superuser?
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Administrator
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Adding/deleting user accounts is the role of which account?
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Administrator
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Windows Server 8 is an operating system for type of device?
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workstation
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Which of the following statements applies to a proprietary software license?
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Purchased from a vendor and gives you the right to use the software but is not yours to own.
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Which of the following statements applies to an open source software license?
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Made freely available as a source code to enhance and distribute the software.
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Which two types of software licenses are free?
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Freeware and Open source
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What will protect the original work and the creation of inventive concepts?
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Patent
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What will prevent others from making, selling, or using an invention for 20 years?
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Patent
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When must a software license agreement be accepted when using proprietary software?
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After downloading but before using the software
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What will violate a proprietary software agreement?
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What will violate a proprietary software agreement?
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The proprietary software license agreement gives the purchaser the right to
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use the software.
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The End User License Agreements is a contract between the Licensor and the
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the purchaser that gives the purchaser the right to use the software.
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What rights does the End User License Agreement for proprietary software typically give to purchasers?
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The right to use the software
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The End User License Agreement for proprietary software
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Limits modifying the software
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Which of the following statements applies to a business intelligence system?
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Used when making long-term decisions.
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A business intelligence system is used by which of the following groups of people?
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High-level management
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What is the definition of business intelligence?
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Business intelligence is a term used to reflect the knowledge a business can create by analyzing data gathered from multiple sources
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Which OLAP operation involves viewing the data using a different filter first?
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Pivoting Correct. Pivoting is viewing the data from a different perspective.
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What is the main difference between a data warehouse and OLDP?
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OLDP deals with data in real time while a data warehouse does not. Correct. This is the primary difference between the two database systems.
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Which of the following are examples of real-time processing? Select all that apply.
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Playing an online multiplayer video game. Paying your bills online.
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Which of the following interacts between a database and an application?
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A driver
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Which of the following is an interface between a database and the application?
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ODBC application Correct. OBDC is an application that interfaces with databases.
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What does a JDBC driver allow a user to do?
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Have an application interact with any database when developing in Java. Correct. Developers using Java can use JDBC in conjunction with ODBC to have an application interact with any database.
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Which of the following is a SQL command? Select all that apply.
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INSERT SELECT DROP
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SQL stands for
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Structured Query Language.
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Which of the following operators is used to select all of a certain data?
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LIKE
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Why is it essential to know what information will be needed from the database from the outset of development? Select all that apply.
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The developer can determine which data types would help fulfill the purpose. By knowing the purpose, the developer can determine how many fields are needed in the database. Correct. All three of these are reasons why it is essential to know what information will be needed. The purpose determines the structure of the database.
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Indicate which of the following statements about databases and data types are accurate. Select all that apply.
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Once the database is designed, the user doesn't need to worry about determining data types. Uniform data types can be searched and sorted. Numbers can be entered as text or as numeric values
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Which of the following would be a field in a database?
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19943-5568 63.2%
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Which of the following statements about data organization are correct? Select all that apply.
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A relationship may exist between each individual record. You cannot perform mathematical functions on string data. Not all records need to contain data about every attribute.
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Which of the following are forms of queries?
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projection join
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Which of the following are operations used to alter the data within a relation of a database?
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update delete insert
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In order for a relational database to work, at least one of the fields has to contain unique values.
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Unique identifier
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Which of the following are the three main categories of databases?
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Flat File Hierarchical Relational
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Which of the following database categories is the most similar to a spreadsheet or MS Excel document?
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Flat File
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Which of the following examples best describes hierarchical databases
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A tree-like structure Parent-child relationships
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Which of the following skills are needed to assist with application design and development?
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performance tuning schema development
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Database administrators might be involved with the integration of data from where?
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Older systems to new
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What is the focus of the list of responsibilities for database administrators?
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design development and DBMS support
