Interpersonal Communications Exam 2 – Flashcards
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What is the process of communicating a group's culture from one generation to another called?
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enculturation
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Heterosexuals who have negative perceptions of gays and lesbians are more likely to have
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rigid views about gender roles.
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Which of the following statements about race is true?
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There is more genetic variation within racial groups than between racial groups
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Which of the following statements about ethnicity is false?
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Ethnicity is the same as race
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The group of people born between 1961 and 1981 is called
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Generation X.
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Which of the following do class differences influence?
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all of the above
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Which of the following statements about gender differences in communication is true?
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Men tend to approach communication from a contact dimension
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Jamal is visiting Norway as a Rotary exchange student. During his third week in the country he began to experience a sense of confusion, anxiety and stress. He began to question the wisdom of committing himself to this exchange. Based upon Jamal's reaction, what is he most likely experiencing?
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culture shock
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Which barrier to effective intercultural communication is involved when Jason, an American exchange student, is confused when his British host mother tells him to put the luggage in the "boot"?
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different communication codes
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The selection committee was looking over the résumé of Abdul Ishtar who had applied for the Dean of the College position. His records showed that he was born and raised in South Yemen, but had been in the United States for the past 25 years. He has been chair of the psychology department of a regional university for the past 12 years. His letters of recommendation were excellent. Some of the women on the committee expressed concern about the ability of a man raised in an Islamic culture to treat women fairly and objectively. Their resistance resulted in his being excluded as a finalist. Which barrier to effective interpersonal communication does this example reflect?
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stereotyping and prejudice
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A confirmation class from the local Methodist church visited a nearby synagogue to experience worship from a different perspective. The synagogue provided the group with a guide. The guide explained what would happen during the service, showed them where to sit and how to respond at different times in the service, and made himself available after the service to answer any questions they might have about the service, the synagogue, or Judaism. The synagogue's response to this visit demonstrated their commitment to which strategy for improving intercultural communication?
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developing knowledge
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Which of the following is created when communication partners join aspects of separate cultures to create a new comprehensive and inclusive culture?
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a third culture
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Buying your friend flowers to apologize after a fight is an example of
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adapting reactively.
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Heather, a Southern Baptist, attended Mass at her boyfriend William's Roman Catholic church. During the service she was confused about when to stand, sit, or kneel; she didn't know the words to most of what the congregation recited aloud from memory; and she decided just to stay in her seat when William went to receive the Eucharist. What strategy for developing motivation did Heather seem to display?
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tolerating ambiguity
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Paul believes everything about America is better than anywhere else, and is especially proud of American culture. Paul may be said to be
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ethnocentric.
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The term gender refers to the biological differences between men and women.
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False
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Gender is something that is primarily learned from and socially reinforced by others.
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True
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A person's age has little influence on his or her communication with others.
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false
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People who interact with one another over time tend to communicate in similar ways; they develop similar speech patterns and use similar expressions.
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true
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It is possible to change one's social class through education, employment, and income.
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True
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A co-culture is a learned system of knowledge, behavior, attitudes, beliefs, values, and norms that is shared by a group of people.
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false
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There are no universal ethical and moral principles that apply to all societies of civilized people
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true
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8) Linguist Deborah Tannen views men and women as belonging to different cultural groups.
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True
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"Race" and "ethnicity" are synonymous terms.
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False
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When you encounter a different culture and become confused, anxious, and uncertain, you are probably experiencing culture shock.
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True
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You are meeting a Rotary exchange group from Japan. When you approach them, you extend your hand as a greeting and they bow. You withdraw your hand and bow in return. Your reaction is an example of adapting reactively.
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True
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What stage of the listening process is involved when you focus on one sound from the many that compete for your attention?
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selecting
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Which of the following is an example of asynchronous listening?
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retrieving a voicemail message
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You are sitting in Professor Rashad's class listening to a lecture, when you hear the student behind you talking to her friend about the party to be held at Jake's this Friday. As you sit there taking in details about the party, you are drawn back to Professor Rashad when you hear, "And that is what will be on the test Friday." Which stage of the listening process is reflected at the point where you return to hearing what the professor is saying?
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attending
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Which stage of the listening process is involved when you focus your eyes on your friend, nod your head, and mumble "uh huh" occasionally as he speaks?
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responding
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Which stage of the listening process is involved when you recall information from an earlier conversation with your friend?
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remembering
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As you listen to Dr. Hegel's lecture on barriers to effective listening, you begin to see how those barriers have operated in your conversations with your spouse. Which stage of the listening process is reflected in this realization?
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understanding
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Which barrier to effective listening is displayed when Helga listens to Sven very carefully until he says something she can use against him, and then she interrupts?
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being self-absorbed
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When someone has difficulty focusing on anything but themselves and their own experiences and ideas, they may be guilty of
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conversational naricissism
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Bjorn's wife walks into the family room while he is watching the TV and begins to tell him what she found out at the PTA meeting. Bjorn turns off the TV and directs his attention to his wife. Which barrier to effective listening has Bjorn addressed?
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external noise
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Maria is trying to talk to Miguel about her day. She begins to realize that Miguel is tired and distracted. He has spent a long day at work and is now trying to balance the checkbook. He is also worrying about a test he has coming up soon. He just isn't ready to listen. Of which barrier to effective listening has Maria just become aware?
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information overload
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Lindsey's sociology professor has brought in a guest to speak about her experiences as a meth addict. Lindsey is trying to listen but is having trouble doing so. She remembers all too well her own father's addiction which ended up ruining her parents' marriage and continues to contaminate her relationship with him. Which listening barrier is Lindsey experiencing?
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unchecked emotions
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A father is listening to his daughter pour her heart out about her rotten day at school. He should use what listening style?
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relational listening style
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Atira has just returned from spring break and is telling her friend Nida all about her great time. Nida has been very responsive to Atira's story-laughing, nodding-but now has increased her eye contact, raised a finger, and shifted her posture. Nida's nonverbal cues probably indicate
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she desires to change roles from listener to speaker
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In his observations of married couples, marriage researcher John Gottman found that a significant predictor of divorce was
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neglecting to confirm one's marriage partner during typical conversation
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Which skill for responding with empathy are you employing when you explore how you might feel under circumstances similar to those your partner has experienced?
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understanding your partners feelings
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Pierce can hardly wait for Rene to finish her sentence about summer vacation because he wants to ask Rene out. Pierce doesn't really hear a word Rene says and interrupts Rene suddenly to change the subject to the dance on Saturday. The barrier to effective listening Pierce is displaying is
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emotional noise
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Which of the following is not a skill associated with socially decentering?
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asking a third party about the person you are communicating with
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Which of the following is true about speech rate versus thought rate
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Most people think faster than a speaker can speak.
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The listener most likely to search for common areas of interest with the speaker is a(n)
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relational listener
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Second-guessing is a characteristic of which type of listener?
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critical listener
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When your ears pick up as the sports scores you've been waiting to hear are announced on your local newscast, you are engaged in what stage of the listening process?
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selecting
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The process by which people learn the most about others is
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listening
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A critical listener is more comfortable listening to complex, detailed information than a task-oriented listener is. T/F
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true
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Information is stored in long-term memory because it is significant to us in some way. T/F
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true
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When Miguel, who is 14 years old and 50 inches tall, hears his mother say, "Hey shortcakes, come here. I want to talk to you," he goes ballistic and refuses to listen. The barrier he raises is external noise. T/F
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false
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David is daydreaming while his father is spelling out in detail what to do over the weekend while he is gone. When his father is done, David says, "You never trust me to do anything!" David's listening is probably impaired because he is criticizing the speaker. T/F
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true
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Eye contact is important when you listen because it can signal that you are paying attention to the speaker. T/F
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true
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People understand best if they can relate what they are hearing to something they already know than to something new. T/F
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true
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Marriage researcher John Gottman found the couples who were less likely to divorce spent much more time confirming their partner than couples who eventually did divorce. T/F
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false
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Because novelty is so appealing to us, the greater the difference between people, the greater the likelihood that they will accurately understand each other. T/F
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false
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The goal of a critical listener is to find fault in the logic of the speaker by offering negative comments. T/F
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false
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Because we are a media-oriented society, we are far more attentive listeners when we watch TV than when we listen to others in interpersonal situations. T/F
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false
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The greater the differences between you and your communication partner, the more difficult it is to socially decenter. T/F
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true
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Information triage helps one to distinguish useful from less useful information. T/F
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true
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When a nonverbal message contradicts a verbal message, we almost always believe the nonverbal message. T/F
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true
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Conversational narcissism is a trait associated to other-oriented listeners. T/F
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false
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When it comes to listening, women are more distracted by competing details than are men. T/F
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true
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A person's name generally has no logical connection with the actual person, just as the word "cow" has no direct connection to any actual cow. These examples illustrate the principle that the connection between a word and what it represents is
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arbitrary.
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When someone uses the word "dog" and you understand the word to mean "a mangy, dirty, and disgusting animal, like the one that bit you when you were five years old," which level of meaning would you probably be applying?
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connotative
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If you can see it, touch it, smell it, taste it, or hear it, then a word refers to something that is
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concrete.
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Glenda ordered her steak cooked medium-well at her favorite restaurant. When the server returned with her steak, Glenda cut into it, saw that it was red in the center, and said to the server, "OK, what part of 'medium-well' didn't you understand?! I want you to take this back and cook it so it's edible. This is ridiculous!" Glenda's behavior was
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aggressive.
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Some people call Yassar Arafat a "terrorist," both fearing and reviling him. Some people call him a "Freedom Fighter," both loving and praising him. The use of these words to describe or evaluate Arafat reflect the power of words to
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affect thoughts and actions
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What language barrier is involved when misunderstanding occurs because the same words mean different things to different people?
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bypassing
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Joe tells his wife, Sarah, that he thinks they should "redo" their bathroom as their next home improvement project. Sarah reacts strongly to this suggestion, complaining that, "We don't have enough money to do that!" Sarah thought "redo" the bathroom meant to replace the shower, toilet, and sink and to re-tile the floors and paint the walls. She was relieved when Joe explained that what he meant by "redo" the bathroom was to paint the walls and have the floors refinished. The language barrier Joe and Sarah experienced is called
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bypassing
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Dad says to Junior, "Hand me the screwdriver." Junior responds with, "Which kind, a flat- head or Phillips?" Which language barrier is Junior trying to overcome?
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lack of precision
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After her parents tell her she can't go to the concert, Helga says, "You never let me do anything!" Helga is probably suffering from the language barrier of
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allness
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Rather than saying, "Lawyers are crooks," Phil declares, "My lawyer put his personal interests ahead of mine." Phil's method of avoiding the allness barrier is known as
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indexing
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During the late sixties and early seventies, you would see bumper stickers that said, "America: Love it or Leave it!" This sentiment expresses the language barrier of
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polarization
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When you pursue your own interests without denying the rights of others, you are being
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assertive
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David has a habit of screaming, "You idiot!" whenever his brother does something he doesn't like. Which strategy for creating a supportive climate does his outburst violate?
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Describe your own feelings rather than evaluate others.
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Ethan habitually screams "You jerk!" at Elliott whenever his little brother does something that annoys him. Ethan could create a more supportive relationship by expressing himself in which one of the following ways?
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I can't hear the tv when you sing that loudly
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In response to his son's request, Dad says, "I don't care what you want. You'll do what I tell you, when I tell you and that's that!" Which strategies for creating a supportive climate does his outburst most likely violate?
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Solve problems rather than control others.
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Indexing is a way to avoid which of the following word barriers?
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allness
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The theory which suggests that language shapes our culture and culture shapes our language is
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Sapir-Whorf hypothesis
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To Joseph a "submarine" is a sandwich. To Alfonse a "submarine" is a submersible ship. The different meanings Joseph and Alfonse apply to the word "submarine" reflect the fact that words are arbitrary. T/F
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true
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The way we talk to another forms the basis of a relationship with that person. T/F
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true
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When teachers tell students they can figure out what a writer means by a word by paying attention to the words that surround it, they are making use of the fact that words are context bound. T/F
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true
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The meaning of a symbol, such as a word, can change from culture to culture. T/F
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true
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The denotative level of meaning conveys the feelings and subjective associations a person has for a symbol. T/F
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false
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We are more likely to apologize to people we barely know than we are to those with whom we share an intimate relationship. T/F
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false
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In general, the more abstract the language, the more difficult it is for others to understand. T/F
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true
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It is best to apologize immediately after you have made a mistake. T/F
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false
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A malapropism occurs when two people use the same word to mean two different things. T/F
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false
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Whether or not something is considered profanity is determined by context and culture. T/F
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true
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Jargon is an example of a restricted code. T/F
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true
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Assertiveness is self-oriented. T/F
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true
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When Skippy tries to figure out what Buffy meant when she called him a "buffoon" by looking up "buffoon" in the dictionary, Skippy is more likely to find the connotative than the denotative meaning of the word. T/F
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false
