Intermolecular Forces Test Questions – Flashcards
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Three types of intermolecular forces |
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London Dispersion Dipole-Dipole Ionic |
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What is an ion dipole? |
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Force between an ion and the partial charge on the end of a polar molecule NOT REALLY IMPORTANT |
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Dipole-Dipole |
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Polar molecules attracted to each other |
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With molecules of equal mass and size what happens with increasing polarity? |
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Dipole-Dipole Strength increases |
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London Dispersion |
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Everything has London Dispersion Attraction between all molecules |
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As molecular weight increases so does what? |
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Strength of London Dispersion |
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Hydrogen bonding occurs when Hydrogen bonds to? |
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F, O, or N |
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Hydrogen bonding Definition |
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Very strong Dipole-Dipole H-F is most polar, so strongest |
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Which is more dense. Ice or Water? Why? |
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Water Molecules assume an ordered, open arrangement |
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Ions are involved Polar molecules and ions are present |
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Ion-Dipole Forces |
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Ions are involved Only ions are present |
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Ionic Bonding |
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Ions aren't involved Polar molecules aren't involved |
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London Dispersion Forces |
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Ions aren't involved Polar molecules are involved Hydrogen not bonded O, N, or F |
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Dipole-Dipole Forces |
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Ions aren't involved Polar molecules are involved Hydrogen bonded O, N, or F |
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Hydrogen Bonding |
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Organize these in terms of 1. being Weakest Dipole-Dipole H-Bonding Ionic Bonding London Dispersion Ion-Dipole |
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First is weakest remember 1. London Dispersion 2. Dipole-Dipole 3. H-Bonding 4. Ion-Dipole 5. Ionic Bonding |
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Viscosity |
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Resistance of liquid to flow |
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Viscosity ______ as molecular weight increases |
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Increases |
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Viscosity _____ with increasing temperature |
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Decreases |
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Why do liquids bead up on surfaces |
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Surface Tension |
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Surface Tension |
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Energy required to increase the surface area of a liquid |
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Heat of fusion |
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Energy required to melt a solid |
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Heat of vaporization |
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Energy required to make a liquid a gas |
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Critical temperature |
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Highest temperature at which a liquid phase can form |
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Critical Pressure |
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Pressure required at the critical tiemperature |
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Nonpolar, low weight substances have _____ critical temperatures and pressures |
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Lower |
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Vapor Pressure |
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Pressure exerted by a gas on its space |
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Volatile liquids Definition |
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Liquids that evaporate readily/quick |
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Volatile liquids have __ vapor pressures |
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High |
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Triple Point |
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All 3 phases at equilibrium |
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Orderring of atoms in Crystalline solid |
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Well defined |
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Properties of molecular bonds in crystalline solids |
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Fairly soft Low melting point Dont conduct electricity |
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Forces between molecular bonds in crystalline solids |
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LD Dipole-Dipole H-Bonds |
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Form of unit particles of molecular bonds in crystalline solids |
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Atoms or molecules |
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Properties of Covalent-network bonds in crystalline solids |
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Very Hard Very high melting point Dont conduct electricity |
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Properties of Ionic bonds in crystalline solids |
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Hard and brittle High melting point Dont conduct electricity |
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Properties of Metallic bonds in crystalline solids |
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Soft to very hard Low to very High melting point Conduct electricity Malleable and Ductle |
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Forces between Covalent-network bonds in crystalline solids |
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Covalent Bonds |
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Forces between Ionic bonds in crystalline solids |
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Electrostatic attractions? |
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Forces between Metallic bonds in crystalline solids |
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Metallic Bonds |
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Form of unit particles of Covalent-network bonds in crystalline solids |
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Atoms connected in a network of covalent bonds |
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Form of unit particles of Ionic bonds in crystalline solids |
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Positive and negative ions |
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Form of unit particles of Metallic bonds in crystalline solids |
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Atoms |
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What are Diamond and SiO2 and Graphite |
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Covalent Network |
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Most substances that are gas or liquid at room temperature are usually ______ solids |
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Molecular |
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What is the only type of bond not due to LD |
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The bonds in metallic solids |
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Stronger the IMF the ____ the viscosity |
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Greater |
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What are held together by a "sea" of electrons |
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Metallic Solids |
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volatility= what in relation to imf |
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Lowest |
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Odor |
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High vapor pressure and volatility |
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What conducts electricity only when melted or dissolved |
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Ionic |
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What is usually water soluble |
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Ionic |
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Insoluble in water |
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LD nonpolar with covalent bonds |
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Insoluble in common solvents |
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Covalent |