hypertonic – Flashcards
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parts of a membrane
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phospholipids and proteins
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selectively permeable
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allowing some substances to cross a plasma membrane, usually based on size
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passive transport
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movement of substances across a plasma membrane without the addition of energy from an area of higher concentration to an area of lower concentration.
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passive transport
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movement of substances across a plasma membrane without the addition of energy from an area of higher concentration to an area of lower concentration.
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concentracion gradient
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differences in concentration on either side of a membrane; for example, more water molecules on the outside of a plasma membrane than inside
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diffusion
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random movement of particles across a plasma membrane from an area of high concentration to an area of lower concentration
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examples of diffusion
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perfume, dye in water.
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facilitated diffusion
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movement of substances through a transport protein, without energy, down the concentration gradient.
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what does facilitated diffusion move?
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ions, large molecules, sugar
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osmosis
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random movement of water molecules across a plasma membrane from an area of high concentration to an area of lower concentration.
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isotonic
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solution that has the same water and solute concentration as inside of cell
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active transport
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movement of substances across a plasma membrane with the addition of energy, against the concentration gradient (from an area of lower concentration to an area of higher concentration).
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endocytosis
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cell engulfs substances that are too large to go through the plasma membrane
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exocitosis
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cell expels substances that are too large to go through the plasma membrane
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if you are gargling salt water to relieve your throat what solution is the salt water compares to the swollen throat cells?
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hypertonic
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a grape in tap water swells, what type of solution is the tap water? why does the grape swell?
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hypotonic; because wter diffuses into cell
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in a solution, a relatively low solute concentracion ourside a cell is called
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hypotonic
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putting salt on icy roads in winter. Plants along the road become damaged. What solucion is the salty-water running off from the roads? what happens to the plants?
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hypertonic; they lose water
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what is the ideal solution enviorment for a plant to live in? why?
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hypotonic because they nees the centrele vacuole full and swollen to seep stem/ trunk up
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if the concentration of a sugar solucion is higher outside the cell that inside the cell what will happen by osmosis? DRAW PICTURE
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(pictURE)
