Hobby – Abnormal Psy: Chapter 9 (Spring 2016) – Flashcards

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About how many deaths occur by suicide each year around the world?
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1,000,000
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Compared to heart disease and cancer, suicide accounts for _____ in the United States
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Less than 1/10 of the deaths
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Why do many people think that estimates of the rates of suicide are inaccurate?
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The stigma associated with suicide makes people hesitate to report it
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In his Definition of suicide, Edwin Schneidman includes all factors except that it:
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Results from depression or emotional distress
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According to Snyderman, the critical way in which the death seeker differs from the death darer is:
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Seekers intend to end their lives with their action
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Cecil And Jeanne, teenagers, made a love pact, jumping from a cliff to be with each other for eternity. Cecil And Jeanne are examples of what Edwin Shneidman refers to as:
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Death ignorers
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Ernest Hemingway was a physically strong, proud man who developed great concerns about his feeling body. Depressed about his progressive illness, intentionally ended his life. Edward Shneidman would term Hemingway a:
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Death initiator
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According to Edwin Schneidman, how do death ignorers primarily differ from other categories?
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They believe death will not end their existence
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According to Edwin Schneidman, people who are ambivalent about their intent to die and his actions leading to death do not guaranteed ( e.g., swimming in shock infested waters) are called:
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Death darers
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Knowing she was terminally ill, Bonnie swallowed a handful of barbiturates to save herself and her family from final painful months of life. Bonnie is an example of what Edwin Schneidman refers to as a:
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Death initiator
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A teenager's hands and arms are covered with self-inflicted burns, and the teenager seems almost addicted to this destructive behavior. The self-inflicted Burns would most likely be classified as:
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Self injury, a variety of Edwin Schneiderman's "sub intentional death" classification
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Retrospective analysis of a suicide typically would include:
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Interviews with people who knew the person who committed suicide
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Which is the best example of a retrospective analysis?
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Therapists who had patients who committed suicide are interviewed to gain information on suicide
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One of the factors that is believed to account for differences in the suicide rates of different countries is:
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Religious affiliation and beliefs
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Which statement about the relationship between religion and suicide is accurate?
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Degree of one's devoutness is a more important predictor of suicide than one's specific religion
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Which statement is not true regarding suicide and gender?
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Women succeed at committing suicide more often than do men
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Which would be the most surprising example of a suicide because it does not fit into the pattern that current research results have identified?
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A woman who stabbed and then hanged herself
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According to current estimates, the suicide rate is highest in the United states among:
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American Indians
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Assume that a community is made up of almost exactly equal numbers of these for groups: African-Americans, Asian Americans, Hispanic Americans, and white Americans, and that everyone is of the same Socio economic status. Approximately what percent of suicides would you expect to be committed by white Americans?
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40% - about double the rates for the other groups
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How likely are women to use a gun to commit suicide?
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About 30% of women who commit suicide use guns
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Which is true regarding war veterans' risk of suicide once they return home?
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War Vets are about twice as likely to commit suicide as are similar nonveterans
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Commonly observed triggers for suicide include all of these except:
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Being in therapy
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Which is not a long-term stress or particularly common among those who attempt suicide?
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Divorce
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Which occupation has a particularly high rate of suicide?
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Psychologists
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The mood and thoughts of suicidal people are most often characterized as:
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Sad and hopeless
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An increase in which emotion is most often linked to suicide?
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Sadness
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A friend of yours wants certain heavy metal songs banned because, your friend says, listening to them will encourage suicidal tendencies. Your best reply, based on research, would be:
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"It probably won't work; experts don't agree with you, and the courts have not sound musicians liable."
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The current rating system for CD and music download lyrics was instituted:
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In part to address people's concerns about links between listening to music and suicide attempts
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A person who sees life" right a wrong," "all or none " terms is engaging in:
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Dichotomous thinking
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Of the people who use alcohol just before committing suicide, what percentage are actually intoxicated?
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25%
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Which is the most likely reason for the relationship between alcohol use and suicide?
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Alcohol lowers and inhibitions and impairs judgment
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A friend asks, "why is there such a strong connection between alcohol abuse and suicide risk?" Based on the best available research, you reply:
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No one knows for sure
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It is common that the majority of people who commit suicide also have another psychological disorder. Which would be the most common disorder associated with suicidal attempts?
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Mood Disorders
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A clinically depressed individual who has been threatening suicide finally shows diminishing of depressive symptoms. This person's risk of committing suicide:
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May have increased, because the person may have the energy to act on the suicidal impulses
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Based on the fact that one suicidal attempt can serve as a model for another, which would not be a common trigger for suicide attempts?
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Suicides by the elderly
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Assume that a recent local suicide was clear case of modeling. The person who would most likely model another suicide would be a:
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Teenager
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Which is the best example of the social contagion affect?
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If you had a close relative or friend who committed suicide, your risk of committing suicide is greater
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As a political protest, two activists leap from a bridge in a highly publicized double suicide. Those most at risk for modeling the suicides are:
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People with a history of emotional problems
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Suicide that are carried out in bizarre ways for political reasons are most likely to trigger:
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Those with emotional problems to commit suicide in the same manner
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The leading theories designed to explain suicide:
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Are not supported by significant body of research
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Research supporting a Freudian theory of suicide has shown that the later suicidal behaviors related to:
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both real and symbolic losses in childhood
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If psychodynamic explanation for Suicide is correct, then suicide rates should:
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Be lower in those who experience symbolic loss As children
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Emile Durkheim's theory of suicide fits into the:
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Socio-cultural model
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Society that loses its basic family and religious Corvalla use, experiences large-scale immigration of people it's very different values, and fails to provide meaning for the life of this people is in danger of an Increase in what Durkheim calls:
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Anomic suicide
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One is an atheist, does what he wants, and is alienated from others. He feels life isn't worth living and kill some self. According to Emile Durkheim, he would be classified as an:
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Egoistic suicide
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Carlos died by intentionally stepping in front of a bullet that was intended for another young man, from Carlos, as head of a platoon of soldiers in the Persian Gulf war, was responsible. Emile Durkheim would call it an example of:
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Altruistic suicide
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Young man his father and uncle committed suicide at about his age also commit suicide. What is the explanation of suicide most easily explaining the young man suicide?
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Biological
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Strongest direct support for a biological explanation for suicide comes from:
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The studies of neurotransmitter levels
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Research on the relationship between serotonin and suicide, serotonin seems most related to:
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Aggression
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Which statement best reflects the relationship between serotonin suicide?
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Low levels of serotonin are related to high levels of aggression and impulsivity
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The age group least likely to commit suicide United States is:
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Children
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The "typical" child who commit suicide is a:
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Boy who understands what death really is
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In what way do adolescent suicides not differ from suicides other age levels?
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Many experience significant loss before the suicide
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Teenagers are different from people who are older than they are who commit suicide because teenagers are:
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More impulsive and have poor problem-solving skills
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Among teenagers who attempt suicide:
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Less than 1% succeed the first time, and about half will try again
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Which best supports the idea of the teenagers who attempt to decide on more uncertain about killing themselves than elderly people are?
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Teenagers succeed at suicide only in about 1 in 200 attempts
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which statement is true?
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More teenagers attempt suicide than actually kill themselves
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Research prompted by the "black box" controversy about using second-generation antidepressants with younger patients shows that taking second-generation antidepressants:
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Decreases younger patients suicide rates overall, although some individuals are more likely to commit suicide
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The percentage of successful suicide attempts among the elderly is about:
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If the times as high as the percentage of successful suicide attempts among adolescents
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For teenagers, the highest suicide rates are found among:
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White Americans and American Indians
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The age group most likely to commit suicide in the United States is
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The elderly
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A couple has been married for almost 50 years, and then one of them dies. The probability that the surviving spouse will commit suicide is:
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Much higher than normal
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Which factor does not contribute to the high suicide rate among the elderly?
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Geographical location
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In 1997, Oregon past the "death with dignity act," which allows doctor assisted suicide for persons with terminal illness. Since 1997, on average, how many Oregonians with terminal illnesses have ended their lives each year?
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About 500
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"What works best to keep suicidal people from following through?" Asks a friend. Which would be the correct answer to this question?
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"Try cognitive behavioral therapy."
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Suicide prevention programs:
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Offer crisis interventions
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I was suicide prevention Center, you hear counselor say, "hello. I'm interested in you as a person and I'm going to stay on the phone with you as long as you want, all night maybe." Which goals and techniques of suicide prevention does the statement represent?
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Establishing a positive relationship
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Suicide prevention Center you hear a counselor say, "do you have a gun? Is it loaded and do you know how to use it?" Which one of the goals and techniques of suicide prevention do these questions best represent?
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Assessing suicide potential
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When answering the telephone of the suicide hotline, the first step for the counselor is to:
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Establish a Positive relationship
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At a suicide prevention Center, you hear a counselor say, "will you promise me that you will call again if you ever feel like killing yourself again?" Which one of the goals and techniques of the suicide prevention does this question best represent?
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Formulating a plan
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Reports indicate that if someone is a member of a "online community" and threatened suicide online, the other members of the online community will:
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Respond to many different ways, including urging the person to commit suicide and contacting 911 services
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Which statement about the successes of suicide prevention programs is accurate?
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Those who call, if you were commit suicide and those who don't call who are in a similar risk group
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Suicide education programs typically focus on:
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Students and teachers
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Most well-developed understanding of the causes of suicide come from the:
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Socio-cultural model
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