HLH 301 – Test 1 – Flashcards
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Chapter 1
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• The terms "change" and stress are often used synonymously by both experts and ordinary people
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Chapter 1
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• Perception (interpretation) of the situation is what determines one's level of stress, not the situation
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Chapter 1
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• Psychointrapersonal influences, not social influences, are the influences that are most likely to cause the greatest stress in one's life
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Chapter 1
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• There are four stages to stress response, also known as the fight or flight response
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Chapter 1
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• The word health really means to be whole
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Chapter 1
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• There are two types of stress: acute and chronic
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Chapter 1
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• The key to helping relieve the stress of PTSD appears to be releasing memories from the unconscious mind
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Chapter 1
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• Chronic stress is the type of stress most commonly associated with illness and disease
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Chapter 1
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• Coronary heart disease, cancer and suicide have all been linked to chronic stress
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Chapter 1
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• Homeostasis is the fourth stage in the stress response (fight or flight response)
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Chapter 1
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• Eustress is the term used for good stress
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Chapter 1
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• One factor above all else determines one's degree of stress: one's perception or interpretation
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Chapter 1
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• One stressor that is classified as a bioecological influence is inadequate sunlight
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Chapter 1
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• Death of a family member, death of a friend, and parental divorce are the top three "events" that top the list of the most stressful events for college students
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Chapter 1
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• Richard Lazarus says that "daily hassles" cause stress • The cause of these hassles are unmet expectations
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Chapter 1
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• Holmes and Ray's stress research found that many things cause stress; these include getting married, getting divorced, and taking a vacation
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Chapter 1
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• The first stage of the General Adaptation Syndrome is alarm
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Chapter 1
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• Those who suffer from insomnia fall into one of these three categories: transient, intermittent, or chronic
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Chapter 1
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• Secondary Post Traumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD) refers to stress experienced by family member of those with PTSD
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Chapter 2
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• Sociology is the study of human social behavior within families, organizations, and institutions; the study of the individual in relationship to society as a whole
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Chapter 2
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• Weblink jumping and cherry picking information leads to an inability to concentrate focus and comprehend a subject well is known as the Shallow Effect
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Chapter 2
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• The term "shallow effect" also is related to dumbing down of Americans from internet exposure
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Chapter 2
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• Experts in the field of sociology suggest that narcissism and lack of values promotes incivility in our culture
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Chapter 2
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• In terms of technostress, the rate of change with technology seems to have outpaced the level of responsibility and moral codes that accompany it
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Chapter 2
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• "Superstress" was term coined by Dr. Roberta Lee to mean twenty-first century lifestyle stress
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Chapter 2
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• The term "screen addiction" was coined specifically to address the addiction to computer, smart phones, and tablet screens
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Chapter 2
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• The anxiety from the digital divide, information overload, and cell phone proliferation can be summed up in one expression: Technostress
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Chapter 2
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• Grade school is when it is suggested that attitudes and behaviors about race and gender begin
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Chapter 3
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• Serotonin is a neurotransmitter that is associated with mood • it is known as the "feel good" neurotransmitter
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Chapter 3
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• A decrease in serotonin is thought to be related to symptoms of depression
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Chapter 3
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• The hypothalamus in the limbic system registers pain and pleasure
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Chapter 3
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• The parasympathetic nervous system is responsible for the relaxation response
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Chapter 3
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• The stress response initially involves the limbic system
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Chapter 3
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• When released, acetylcholine is instrumental in returning the body of homeostasis
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Chapter 3
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• Epinephrine is a substance that is released as an immediate response to stress
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Chapter 4
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• 75-90% of all visits to primary care physicians are for stress-related complaints or disorders
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Chapter 4
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• It is estimated that as much as 75-85% of all disease and illness is either precipitated or aggravated by perceived stress
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Chapter 4
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• The premise of Gerber's stress and disease model is that consciousness is energy that surrounds and permeates the human body, and disruptions in the harmony of oscillations can cause illness to the physical body
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Chapter 4
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• Stress affects Type II diabetes in two ways: blood sugar level increase and self-care decrease
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Chapter 4
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• Freud was of the opinion that stress is an innate part of the human condition, and is never fully resolvable
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Chapter 4
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• Research by Keicolt-Glaser revealed affects of stress include: a decrease in immune response, an increase in the aging response and a decrease in the wound healing response
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Chapter 4
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• The "direct" link between stress and cancer is now thought to be the reduction of T-lymphocytes
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Chapter 5
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• Freud suggested that humor might be the most advanced defense mechanism because it could increase pleasure and decrease pain at the same time
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Chapter 5
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• Wayne Dyer put stressors into one of two categories: guilt or worry
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Chapter 5
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• The "sin of guilt" refers to leftover guilt and self-imposed guilt
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Chapter 5
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• Worry and guilt can lead to depression
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Chapter 5
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• Self-esteem is a sense of self-values, self-acceptance, and self-love, and they are thought to be powerful buffers against perceived threats
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Chapter 5
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• Denial, projection, and rationalization are all defense mechanisms commonly associated with the psychology of everyday stress
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Chapter 5
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• Jung believed that dreams have a definite purposeful idea and are created in a language all their own to help resolve stressors
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Chapter 5
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• Kubler-Ross's original order of the grieving stages are: denial, anger, bargaining, depression, and acceptance
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Chapter 5
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• Logotherapy is a therapy where one attempts to find meaning in one's life
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Chapter 5
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• A person's x-factor is the special quality that makes every person unique
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Chapter 5
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• Some traits Maslow cited in the self-actualized individual include creativity, a sense of humor, acceptance, and mystical sensations
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Chapter 5
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• Postive psychology is based on three aspects: the study of happiness, positive virtues, and positive institutions
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Chapter 5
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• Self-awareness is the most common theme among theorists regarding the psychology of stress
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Chapter 6
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• Fear of failure and fear of rejection are not the same thing
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Chapter 6
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• Happiness is either the anticipation of an event or the realization of living in the present moment
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Chapter 6
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• Depression is considered the "silent face" of stress
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Chapter 6
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• Emotional literacy is a term used in reference to one's ability to express oneself in an emotionally healthy way
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Chapter 6
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• Emotional literacy refers to the ability to read and respond to your own emotions
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Chapter 7
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• Resiliency seems to be the key factor for the hardy personality
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Chapter 7
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• The idea that personality traits associated with anxiety and depression (Type D personality) affect the course of heart disease have been supported by research
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Chapter 7
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• The mismanaged style of anger that is represented by suppressing one's feelings: somatizers
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Chapter 7
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• "Cutting" is an example of the mismanaged anger style of self-punishers
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Chapter 7
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• Creative anger management strategies include: know your anger style, plan ahead for tense situations, and forgiveness is an essential part of anger management
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Chapter 7
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• Happiness is a perception
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Chapter 7
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• Characteristics of a Type A personality include: time urgency, rapid speech patterns, and aggressiveness
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Chapter 7
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• The Type A characteristic thought to be most closely related to coronary heart disease is hostile aggressive behavior
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Chapter 7
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• The greatest social influences on Type A behavior include: material wealth, secularization, and immediate gratification
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Chapter 7
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• Three characteristics thought to be associated with the hardy personality are challenge, control, and commitment
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Chapter 7
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• The external locus of control is most closely associated with the helpless-hopeless personality
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Chapter 8
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• Carl Jung was a psychiatrist
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Chapter 8
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• Spirituality and religion are not the same thing
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Chapter 8
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• Two unrelated but meaningful events that occur within the same time period is termed synchronicity
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Chapter 8
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• The first premise of Mother Earth spirituality suggests that the Earth is a living organism to be honored
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Chapter 8
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• According to Deepak Chopra, there are seven laws of spiritual success
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Chapter 8
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• The progression of the hero's journey according to Joseph Campbell is departure, initiation, and return
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Chapter 8
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• The sequence of the seasons of the soul (common bonds) to address spiritual well-being are centering, emptying, grounding, and connecting
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Chapter 8
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• Spiritual potential is best described as a collection of inner resources to be used in times of stress
