HK 233 Final - Flashcards | StudyHippo.com

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The ACTH axis begins in which endocrine gland?

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Posterior hypothalamus

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According to Carl Jung, the unconscious mind is well versed in this method of articulating itself.

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Symbolic thinking

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There are many physiological cycles affected by environmental stressors. Which of the following cycles occurs more than once in a 24-hour period?

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Ultradian cycles

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"Cognitive Surplus" is a term the best explains:

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digital consciousness with online media

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Vasopressin is released from which gland?

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Pituitary

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The concept of "individuation" was coined by this person.

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Carl G. Jung

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College students have their own "life changes" or stressors. According to experts who track this information, these three "events" top the list of most stressful events during the academic year.

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Poor grades, financial problems, roommate problems

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The term "shallow effect" is related to this concept:

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the dumbing down of Americans from Internet exposure

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This level of the brain is called the seat of emotions because it appears to be the first to register pain

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the limbic area

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The term "individuation" refers to:

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the process of self-reflection toward wholeness

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Hans Selye listed this as the first stage of his General Adaptation Syndrome

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Alarm

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This type of stress is most commonly associated with illness and disease.

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Chronic Stress

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"Superstress" is a term coined by Dr. Roberta Lee to mean:

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21st century lifestyle stress

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The stress response initially involves this system.

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The Limbic system

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Which of the following defense mechanisms is not commonly associated with the psychology of everyday stress?

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Narcissism

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The "tend and befriend theory" proposed by Shelley Taylor speaks best to the coping technique used by:

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women

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According to experts, the field of sociology involves the study of human behavior within all but the following:

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societies

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This endocrine gland is called the master gland for its role in hormonal control.

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Pituitary

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Freud would not agree with the following statement:

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Defense mechanisms are conscious volitions

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This stressor would be classified as a bioecological influence.

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Inadequate sunlight

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Stressfully speaking, the anxiety from the digital divide, information overload, and cell phone proliferation can be summed up in one expression:

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Technostress

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This vitamin is called the sunshine vitamin

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Vitamin D

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Based on brain imaging research in the last decade, which of the following statements is not true?

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Damage to brain cells from chronic stress is reversible

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Jung would not agree with the following statement:

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Dreams are a fabrication of the unconscious mind

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The Yerkes-Dodson Theory suggests that:

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there is an optimal stress level that promotes performance

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It is suggested that attitudes and behaviors about race and gender begin in:

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grade school

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This term(s) explains the brain's ability to create new cell tissue and repair itself well into adulthood

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Neuroplasticity

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Kubler-Ross's original order of the grieving stages is:

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denial, anger, bargaining, depression, and acceptance

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Regarding stress management, the holistic wellness paradigm suggests that:

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All the above.. -one should address the causes and the symptoms of stress equally -the whole is equal to the sum of the parts -the Newtonian view of medicine is wrong -one should address the mental, emotional, spiritual, and physical aspects of well-being

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Tragic optimism is:

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finding or making the best of a terrible situation

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Dr. Wayne Dyer would not agree with this statement

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Guilt can be productive if it prevents worrying

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Leo Buscaglia would not agree with this statement:

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Love is innate to all human beings

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Positive psychology is based on these three aspects

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The study of happiness, positive virtues, and positive institution

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This psychologist's concept of the Hierarchy of Needs nicely mirrors the concept of the chakra system

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Abraham Maslow

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The most common theme among theorists regarding the psychology of stress is:

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self-awareness

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In todays rapidly paced world, the terms "change" and "stress" are often used synonymously, by experts and ordinary people alike, to mean the same thing

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True

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Sociology is best described as the study of different cultures in the same locality

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False

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The vegetative level of the brain is thought to be the most primitive of the three levels

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True

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Freud was of the opinion that stress was an innate part of the human condition, and consequently, never fully resolvable

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True

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It is not the situation that one finds oneself in that is stressful, but the perception (interpretation) of the situation that determines one's level of stress

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True

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Brain tissue is not able to adapt to the host of cognitive challenges and stimuli

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False

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The parasympathetic nervous system is responsible for the relaxation response

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True

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According to Jung, at some level of consciousness all minds connect at one point -the collective unconsciousness

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True

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"Tend and befriend" is a coping style used more by cancer patients than war veterans under stress

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False

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The shallow effect: web-linked jumping and cherry picking information leads to an inability to concentrate, focus, and comprehend a subject well

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True

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Neuroplasticity refers to the body's ability to create new nerve cells closest to the skin

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False

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Jung believed that only recurring dreams were of significance to resolving stress related issues

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False

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By and large, healing and curing mean the same thing

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False

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Experts in the field of sociology suggest that narcissism and a lack of values promotes incivility in our culture

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True

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Like Jung, Viktor Frankl saw stress and suffering as a spiritual growth process

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True

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Emotional well-being is best described as "the ability to feel and express the entire range of emotions but to control them, not be controlled by them"

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True

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The term "presenteeism" is a corporate business term to describe high productivity levels often motivated by one's optimal stress level

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False

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According to Dr. Wayne Dyer, basically, stressors fall into one of two categories: guilt or worry

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True

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Many biologists now refer to our age as the "sixth mass extinction" due to overhunting and fishing, loss of habitat, and pollution, all of which will impact us

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True

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The basic premise to Leo Buscaglia's work is that we must be taught to love by our parents

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False

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The Tibetan perspective on stress distinguishes the mind as a combination of the self (false self) and the Self (higher self)

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True

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Stress that is intense in nature but short in duration

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Acute stress

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The growing abyss between people and the outdoor world

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Nature Deficit Disorder

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The endocrine glands that are located on top of each kidney that releases several stress hormones, it is also known as "the stress gland"

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Adrenal gland

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The term describing the search for meaning in ones life

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Logotherapy

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The three distinct physiological phases in reaction to chronic stress: the alarm phase, the resistance phase, and the exhaustion phase

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General Adaptation Syndrone

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A state in which people have distanced themselves so much from the natural environment that they cannot fathom the magnitude of their impact on it

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Environmental Disconnect

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A physiological process in which various body cells regenerate or grow

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Anabolic functioning

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A term used to describe that special quality that makes each one of us unique

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X-factor

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The ability to feel and express the full range of human emotions and to control these feelings

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Emotional Well-being

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The stress that accompanies a proliferation of technology, urban sprawl, and a glut of information on the Internet

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Future shock

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The damage to the body when the stress response functions improperly or for prolonged states, causing physical damage to the body

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Allostatic Load

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A term explaining the ill effects of unresolved guilt from an early childhood experience

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Leftover guilt

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The first stage of the general adaption syndrome in which a threat is perceived and the nervous system is triggered for survival

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Alarm Reaction

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A dramatic shift in society's relationship to technology

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Cognitive Surplus

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A metabolic process in which metabolites are broken down for energy in preparation for, or in the process of, exercise

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Catabolic functioning

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The ability to turn suffering into a meaningful experience, and to learn from this experience with a positive perspective on life's events

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Tragic optimism

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Stress that lingers for a prolonged period of time

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Chronic stress

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A field of study based on the principle that the mind and body are one, where thoughts and perceptions affect potentially all aspects of physiology

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Psychophysiology

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The term describing the guilt one places on oneself when a personal value has been compromised or violated

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Self imposed guilt

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The "rage reflex" is attributed to:

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Charles Darwin

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The type A characteristic is thought to be most closely related to coronary heart disease

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Hostile aggressive behavior

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Cognitive Restructuring is a term best described as:

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A rethinking process about a stressor

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This behavioral theory speaks to the nature of voluntary behaviors

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Operant Conditioning

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Emotional literacy refers to the ability to read and respond to:

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Your own emotions

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In terms of Type A behavior, polyphasia is best described as:

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Performing several tasks at one time

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NLP is best defined as:

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Neurolinguistic Programming

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This behavioral theory is based on the admiration of mentors

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Modeling conditioning

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The following can be accurately stated about the gender difference of anger

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Women not only express anger differently, they have different stressors

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Which of the following are thought to be the greatest social influences on Type A behavior?

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Material wealth, secularization, and immediate gratification

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This is the suggested order to reconstruct negative thoughts into positive ones:

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Awareness, reappraise, adopt, evaluate

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Of the following parts of one's personality, which is thought to be the most difficult to influence with regard to stress?

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Values

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This mismanaged style of anger is represented by suppressing one's feelings.

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Somatizers

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From his time in the concentration camps, Viktor Frankl learned this simple wisdom to help survive

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Take responsibility for your own thoughts

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This is the suggested order to make a positive behavioral change through the "Behavioral Modification Model"

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Awareness, desire, cognitive restructuring, substitution, evaluate

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The use of sarcasm would be a mismanaged anger trait exhibited by:

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Underhanders

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This statement best describes the codependent personality according to Anne Wilson Schaef.

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The addictive personality

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"Brief grief" is considered:

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A form of healthy grieving

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Assertiveness can best be described as:

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-Expressing personal rights and feelings -That which is neither passive nor aggressive

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Systematic desensitization can best be described as:

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Repeatedly exposing oneself to tolerable levels of stressors

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The helpless-hopeless personality is most closely associated with this fear

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External locus of control

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What aspect differentiates (James) Prochaska's Behavior Change Model from other models?

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The relapse stage

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Depression is:

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A possible by-product of anger and/or fear

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These three characteristics are thought to be associated with what is now known as the hardy personality

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Challenge, control, and commitment

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This trait, more than any other, distinguishes the sensation-seeker personality

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Calculated risk taking

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Self-esteem is thought to comprise the following components

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Connectedness, uniqueness, power, and role models

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Nien Cheng, a political prisoner in Shanghai, would be a prime example of this personality type

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Survivor personality

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This statement is NOT true regarding creative anger management strategies

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Learn to disassociate from your anger

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From research about women and stress, until anger can be validated, it cannot be expressed correctly.

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True

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The unconscious mind is believed to control as much as 40-50% of one's behavior.

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False

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Cognitive restructuring is an important step in behavioral change.

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True

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Studies show that women are more likely to feel anger as guilt or shame, whereas men are more likely to express anger aggressively

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True

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The idea that personality traits associated with anxiety and depression affect the course of heart disease is now supported by data.

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True

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NLP is based on the concept that language does not confine thinking.

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False

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Aggressiveness always involves a sense of diplomacy, particularly with the expression of feelings

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False

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Research reveals that randomly vented anger is a healthy means of emotional catharsis

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False

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Conceptually, "thought stopping" is the same thing as self-talk

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False

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Of the four mismanaged anger styles, the somatizers suppress feelings of anger

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True

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The unconscious mind understands negative thoughts well

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False

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An attribute of the typical underhanders is passive-aggressive anger

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True

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"Unconscious resistance" is known to counteract toxic thoughts

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False

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Fear of failure and fear of rejection are really the same thing

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False

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Psychologists suggest that depression is best described as " anger turned inward"

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True

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Happiness is either the anticipation of an event of the realization of living in the present moment

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True

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A mindset where one tends to see (or hope for) the bad in every situation

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Awfulizing

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The process of learning to de-stress from something by brief, yet safe, encounters with the stressor

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Exposure Desensitization

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A condition where things are always viewed in extremes, either extremely good or horribly bad

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Polarized thinking

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These are beliefs about our values, often expressed as opinions

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Attitude

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An instance when anxiety overcomes one's thoughts based on a non-physical threat to one's existence

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Unwarranted Fear

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A learned behavior to a stimulus with regard to involuntary functions

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Classical Conditioning

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Used in association with codependent behavior, thinking that one can control things/others that one really cannot

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Illusion of Control

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The ability to use both right-brain and left brain thinking processes to successfully deal with a problem or stressor

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Biphasic Personality Traits

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The addiction to a behavioral process such as shopping, gambling, television cutting and codependent behaviors

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Process Addiction

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Emotional release through crying, laughing, yelling and the like

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Catharsis

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Actions that are based on conscious or unconscious thoughts

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Behaviors

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A mindset of continually blaming others or seeing yourself as the victim

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Victimization

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Distorting a situation beyond how bad it actually is

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Cognitive Distortion

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Repeated negative thought processing that tends to pollute our view of our lives and ourselves

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Toxic thoughts

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The last stage in von Oech's creative process template, in which the idea is taken to the street and campaigned to the rest of the world for its merits

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Warrior

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Also known as the 80/20 Rule, the time-management technique prioritizes tasks by the satisfaction factor

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Pareto Principle

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First coined by Plato, describing the reason why people laugh, is at other people's expense

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Superiority Theory

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A term used to describe the therapeutic effects of self-discovery through active awareness in journaling

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Transpsychological

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Physical gestures that tend to replace words, such as the thumbs up signal

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Emblems

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These are the three essential criteria for effective journal writing:

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Identify concerns, identify emotions, and seek resolution

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This is not considered one of the "Three P's" of time management

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Punctuality

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Metamessages are defined by Dr. Deborah Tannen as:

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Indirectness of one's actual intention to communicate

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This is considered to be the first step in the creative solving process

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Description of the problem

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Humor is best described as:

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a perception

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In his efforts to study the benefits of journal writing, Ira Progoff discovered the following:

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Individuals who started journal writing while on welfare were more likely to find employment and better housing faster

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Time management is actually a prime example of social orchestration, where you manipulate factors in your environment for the path of least resistance

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True

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The "Sapir-Whorf" hypothesis suggests that:

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Our perception of reality is based on the limits of our vocabulary

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According to creative consultant Author VanGundy, left brain thinking falls in the domain of

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Cultural roadblocks

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This type of humor is thought to be the least suited to reduce stress

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Sarcasm

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Research shows that keeping a blog about one's thoughts and feelings is more effective than writing in a notebook for a healthy catharsis

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False

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Facial expressions are an example of this type of nonverbal communication

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Affect displays

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Creativity can be a great coping technique for stress, but the irony is that fear (stress) can block the creative process

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True

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Bugs Bunny and Road Runner cartoons share this type of humor

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Slapstick Humor

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The stress of "poverty consciousness" is best described this way:`

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The fear of not having enough money

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The 3rd of three aspects essential for effective time management, in which tasks are actually accomplished

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Execution

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A term coined by Deborah Tannen suggesting that exaggerated conversation styles become intensified under stress, thus adding to miscommunication

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Schismogenesis

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The inability to write down one's thoughts and feelings, usually attributed to fear

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Writer's block

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A style of humor where something or someone is made fun of

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Parody

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Obstacles to the creative process, placed by the ego, in the role of the judge

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Perceptual Roadblocks

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Poetry therapy is an aspect of journal writing in that these entries may eventually be shared with others, win contests, and thus help raise one's self esteem

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False

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Giving the "OK" sign to someone is labeled as this aspect of nonverbal communication

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Emblems/Illustrators

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Thinking "outside the box" is an example of this stage of the creative process

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The explorer

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Split-brain research has shown that humor is a left brain function

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False

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The foundation of sound time management skills includes these aspects

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Prioritize, adequately schedule, and execute person daily stressors to satisfaction

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Poetry therapy is considered to be a form of

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Journal writing

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This conflict style is thought to be the hardest to resolve

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Ego conflict

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Making mistakes is not encouraged in the creative process

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False

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For humor to exist, there must be these three things: humorous stimulation, a perception of the stimulation, and an expression of humor

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True

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Experts suggest you put away this much money from your monthly income in savings

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10%

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Current research reveals that journal writing helps in the following way:

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All the above.. -decrease one's resting blood pressure -decrease one's cholesterol levels -decrease one's symptoms of fibromyalgia -decrease one's sense of grieving

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With regard to speaking patterns, regulators are often used to manipulate a conversation through nonverbal gestures

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True

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According to creative consultant Arthur VanGundy, negative feedback (fear) falls in the domain of:

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Emotional roadblocks

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This type of humor is thought to be best suited to reduce stress related anger and help maintain a sense of psychic balance

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self-parody

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Tips for "financial freedom" include all but the following:

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dont lend money to your friends

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Journal writing offers a good immediate catharsis, but offers little in the way of long-term resolutions

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False

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Of the five suggested styles of conflict management, dialogue is thought to be the best because all parties are allowed to contribute

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True

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Abraham Maslow's term "primary creativity" would best be described as:

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Right brain thinking

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Comic Stephen Colbert's (The Colbert Report) and Saturday Night Live's humor can best be described as:

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Satire

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This is not considered one of the "Three C's" of time management

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Creativity

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Personal constraints such as time, money, or a host of responsibilities that impede the creative process

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Environmental Roadblocks

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A scheduling technique used in time management for which errands are grouped by location

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Clustering

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The prioritization, scheduling, and execution of daily responsibilities to a level of personal satisfaction

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Time management

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Speaking aspects such as volume, tone, and pitch

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Paralanguage

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Humor described as vulgar, crude, and tasteless

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Bathroom humor

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Clustering is a term used to describe someone who is extremely pressed for time with too much to do

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False

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One significant reason why text messaging and emails compound the stress associated with communication is that there is no voice intonation

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True

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As described by Roger von Oech, this role can ruin the creative process

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The judge

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Blonde jokes and Polish jokes would be best identified with this theory

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Superiority theory

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Neuromarketing is a marketing concept based on Neuro-Linguistic Programming, which encourages people to buy things they THINK they really need

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False

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