HISTORY: Taking on Power – Flashcards
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Name four reforms included in Roosevelt's program, the "New Nationalism." • inheritance and income taxes • laws protecting the working conditions of women and children • workers' compensation laws • greater restrictions on corporations
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Roosevelt embraced an activist view of politics, raising Americans' expectations of the federal government's role in people's lives.
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Roosevelt's "New Nationalism" aimed to regulate business practices. Roosevelt supported federal investigation and regulation of corporations. Wilson's "New Freedom" agenda initially sought the elimination of economic monopolies. His philosophy was to tame business combinations by breaking them apart. In the end, however, he abandoned much of his original position and, like Roosevelt, chose to regulate corporations.
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Compare Roosevelt's and Wilson's visions of progressive reform. Include the names of their reform agendas and the focus and goal of each agenda.
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When Roosevelt lost the Republican presidential nomination to President William Howard Taft, he ran on a Progressive Party platform. The Republican votes were split between Roosevelt and Taft, giving the majority vote to Democrat Woodrow Wilson.
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Explain why Roosevelt lost his bid to win back the presidency in the 1912 presidential election.
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prohibited businesses from engaging in anti-competitive practices
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Clayton Antitrust Act
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investigated and prosecuted unfair business and trading practices
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Federal Trade Commission
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established a federal body that would issue paper currency, loan money to private banks, and give the government authority over the nation's banking and money-lending system
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Federal Reserve Act
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established federal restrictions on child labor
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Keating-Owen Act
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allowed government to tax people with more income at higher rates
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graduated federal income tax
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published a book, Newer Ideals of Peace; spoke for peace in 1913 at a ceremony commemorating the building of the Peace Palace at The Hague; spoke against America's entry into the First World War; served as chairman of the Women's Peace Party; served as president of the Women's International League for Peace and Freedom; authored a book, Peace and Bread in Time of War.
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List some of the reasons the Nobel Committee awarded Jane Addams the Nobel Peace Prize.
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Jane Addams was born on September 6, 1860, and was in a Baltimore hospital when her Nobel prize was awarded on December 10, 1931, in Oslo, Norway. She died on May 21, 1935, having accomplished a great deal in her 74 years.
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Jane Addams: Nobel Endeavors In 1931 Jane Addams became the first American woman to win the Nobel Peace Prize. Firsts were nothing new to her. In 1910 she had become the first woman to receive an honorary degree from Yale University.
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Farmers turned to a crop lien system to finance equipment and supplies, suffered the consequences of excessive debt, and rebelled against the system.
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Economic issues, social problems, and adverse working conditions at the end of the nineteenth century challenged government in ways that traditional solutions did not adequately address.
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Urban life posed problems related to employment, disease, job hazards, and family finances. Progressive reform aimed at taming monopolies, regulating the concentration of economic power, improving social conditions, and reforming politics.
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Populist efforts to resolve the problems included the Grange, the Farmers' Alliances, and the Colored Alliance. The Populist Party sought to elect its own third-party candidates, but eventually supported Democratic Party candidate William Jennings Bryan in 1896.
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Jane Addams led the settlement house movement with the founding of Hull House.
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The Salvation Army was founded to relieve economic needs, while settlement houses provided aid to urban women, many of whom were immigrants.
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Progressives used tactics to make government more transparent, including the ability to call for a referendum, initiate laws, and recall elected officials.
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Ida Tarbell, Upton Sinclair, Lincoln Steffens, Jacob Riis and other investigative journalists, often called muckrakers, worked hard to uncover political and business corruption.
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Teddy Roosevelt used his "bully pulpit" to create a "New Nationalism," promote reform, and encourage conservation as president from 1901-1909.
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Progressives also addressed city and state reforms, especially in Wisconsin, where Governor Robert La Follette added public health reforms to the mix.
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Republican
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Except for Grover Cleveland's two presidencies, which party controlled the White House and politics in the late 1800s?
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high railroad fees
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What did Chester A. Arthur want to prevent by signing the Pendleton Act authorizing the Civil Service Commission?
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Farm Aid
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Which organization was not formed to relieve farmers' problems?
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Greater regulation of business Free silver movement Income tax Political power in the hands of the people
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Which group includes items related to the Populist Party?
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The party did not look forward to economic and industrial expansion.
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What was the main reason that the Populist Party failed
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Improving farm conditions
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Which was not a goal of the progressive movement?
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Robert La Follette
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Who led the progressive movement in Wisconsin, where he served as governor?
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conservation and business reform
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What were some of Theodore Roosevelt's goals for "New Nationalism" during his presidency?
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Lincoln Steffens, Ida Tarbell, and Upton Sinclair were muckrakers. What did they do?
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Lincoln Steffens, Ida Tarbell, and Upton Sinclair were muckrakers. What did they do?
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Public health programs Municipal reforms Direct election of senators Initiative and referendum measures
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Which group contains reforms that came about as a result of the progressive movement?
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Theodore Roosevelt
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Which president believed in an activist government that was a "steward of the public welfare?"
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effective government responses to social and economic issues
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What did Woodrow Wilson hope to accomplish with his "New Freedom" government?
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Government investigations and regulatory reforms were implemented.
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What was the result of the investigative journalism that uncovered corruption and scandal in business and government?
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forging an alliance with Spain
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Which was not one of the progressive measures adopted during Teddy Roosevelt's presidency?
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