History of the World in 6 glasses (Notes) – Flashcards
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Beer
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Egypt and Mesppotamia
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Social
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Consumed by everyone Rich and Poor Used as religious ceremonies
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Neolithic Period
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Beer was a reason for people to adopt agriculture It was a discovery rather than an invention
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Purposes
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Social drink from a shared vessel Edible Money: Solid and Liquid Forms Religious Offerings Medicinal qualities Wages for worker
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Wine
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Greece & Rome
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Greece: Background
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Better known for their wine Mountainous=> Grape vines are more accomadating Symbol of civilization Originally exotic and scarce. SOCIAL CLASS
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When it was Drunk?
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Symposia, Public Meetings and Debates Drink wine to express yourself more freely
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Who drank what?
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Beer: the masses Wine: Conveyed POWER, PRESTIGE, & PRIVILEGE
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Purposes(Wine)
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Medicinally: Clean wounds Symposia
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Roman Wine
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Greeks settle southern peninusla and begin viticulture Romans combine Greek influence Ship grain from North Africa and focus on Viticulture
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Social Wine
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Symbol of social differentiation where the brand of wine mattered Sine becomes standard in society All people even slave drink wine
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Global Processes
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Inportance of Geography, climate and locale Long Distance trade Rie and fall of epires Movement of nomadic people Spread of Religion
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Spirits
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Rum symbolized Triumpha and Opression
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Distillation
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Originated in Cordoba byt the Arabs Originally: Form of Medicine Believed to have therapueutic powers becaue it burns and has a warming quality
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Spread
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The idea spread via th eprinting press
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Rum
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The Carribean had large sugar plantations Distilled the sugar to create Rum Used as currency for slave payment
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Grog
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Sailors drank Watered doown rum
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Why Rum vs Beer and Wine
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Doesn't spoil Spirits have a higher alcohol content Take up less cargo space
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Original Europe
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Beer was drunk in the North Wine was drunk in the South Beer and wine expire on long voyages
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Popularity in Colonies
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Led to New England distilling Led to Trade wars=>Molassses act, Sugar Act, etc
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Whiskey Rebellion
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Tax on distilled spirits
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Overview
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Spread of Tecnology Exploration Use of Arab Technology spread of disease Slavery Trade relationships Revolution
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Coffee
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Functioned as information exchanges for scientists, businessmen, writers, and politicians
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Origins Coffee
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Originated in Arab World and spread to Europe Controversy: Some said it had rational enquiry and medicinal Others: Women felt threatened, supposed deleterious effect on male potency
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Coffee Houses
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Social differences left at the door Eschange news Specialize in particular topics: ex: commercial ideas
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Government reaction
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Try to supress coffeehouses b/c: promote freedom of speech and open atmosphere
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Trade
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Arabs had monopoly on beans=>Dutch were middle persons and set up coffee plantations in Java and Suriname French: Haiti and West Indies
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Prohibition
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B/c of drunkenness caused by wine, Muhammad banned wine Encouraged drinking of coffee
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Tea
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Impreialism, industrialization, world domination
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China
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Medicinal Good=>Trade Item=>Spread of Buddhism
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Purpose Tea
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Meicinal qualities known to kill bacteria Spread to Japan: Tea ceremony was a sign of satus and culture
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Tea in Europe
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Before coffe, more expensive and denoted LUXURY and used as MEDICINAL
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Opium
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Trade silver for Tea Trade opium for silver
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High Culture
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Marriages, tea shops for women, tea parties, afternoon tea.
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Working Class
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Tea breaks reduce waterborne diseases Increase in infant survival rates. More labor pool
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Consumerism
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Availability of tea and paraphernalia(random items)
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Tea Overview
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Spread of REligion Global processes of Trade Disease prevention Rise of the WEst Impreialism
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Coke
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Initially a medicinal beverage Soda water: found in soda fountains in APOTHECARIES
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Invention
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French wine & Coca & Kola extract Non-alcoholic version becaue of temperance movement Added to existing soda fountains
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Let go of Meicinal claims
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NA
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Golbalization
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Increase soldier morale by supplying familiar drink to them abroad Bottling plants set up, following soldiers Coke=Patriotism
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Idology
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Pepsi vs Coke Capitalism vs "Iron Curtain"
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Overview Coke
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Golbalization Industrialization Mass transportation Mass consumerism golbal capitalism Cold War Ideological battles
