History CH 2-4 – Flashcards
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Who discovered the americas in 1492?
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Christopher Columbus
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4 European diseases
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Chicken Pox Measles Smallpox typhus
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treaty that divided the new world between spain and portugal
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treaty of tordesillas
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whose crew was the first to circumnavigate the earth
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Magellan
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Which indian empire was conquered by the spanish and would later become mexico
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aztecs
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who led a spanish force that conquered the inca
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francisco pizarro
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in 1565 the spanish established this settlement which is the oldest city established by europeans within the boundaries of the united states
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St. Augustine
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5 present day US states that were originally settled by the spanish
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california texas arizona florida mexico
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the defeat of the spanish armada in 1588 by this country signaled a turning point in history. Spain was no longer the dominant world power. This country that defeated the spanish armada would eventually become the dominant world power.
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England
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the first permanent english settlement in the new world began in virginia in 1607. The settlement was named for the english king. What was it called?
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Raleigh
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Which crop, introduced to Raleigh by John Rolfe, made Virginia a financially viable colony?
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tobacco
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document establishing Plymouth as a self goberning colony based on majority rule of male church members
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The Mayflower Compact
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Began in 1630; more than 40,000 people left England for the Americas
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The Great Migration
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Cooperation between church and state in Massachusetts
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The New England Way
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First written constitution in the colonies
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Fundamental Orders of Conneticut
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Colony known for religious freedom
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Rhode Island
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Massachusetts village where 19 people were hanged for witchcraft
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Salem
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Maryland law granting some religious freedom
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The Toleration Act
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Virginia's representative assembly of wealthy planters
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House of Burgesses
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Event that strengthened the move already under way among planters to switch from indentured to slave labor
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Bacon's Rebellion
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Voyage by enslaved africans across the atlantic ocean from afriva to slavery in the new world
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middle passage
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religious group which took a stand against slavery as early as 1688
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Puritans
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colony between virginia and spanish florida; named for king charles II
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Carolina
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Dutch colonyin the newworld along the hudson river with its capital on manhattan island
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New York
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colony founded as a haven for quakers
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Pennsylvania
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last of 13 british colonies; established as a place for englan's poor; buffer between south carolina and spanish florida
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georgia
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economic theory that a nation's power was a product of wealth, and a nation's wealth was measured by its stock of precious metals
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mercantalism
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marcantilist laws requiring European goods destined for the colonies to be routed through England
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Navigation Acts
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a series of religious revivals which swept through the british colonies in the mid-1700's
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Great Awadening
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city founded by the French gving them control of the Mississippi River
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New Orleans
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a political confederation of American Indiansnations that dominated the fur trade
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Iroquois League
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a proposal by Benjamin Franklin, that was rejected, calling for a loose confederation of the 13 British colonies to promote defense
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Albany Plan of Union
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war between French and British that will later prove to be a major cause of the American Revolution
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French and Indian War
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Indian war on the frontier against American settlers and British forts
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American Indian Resistance
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British law barring American settlers form settling west of the Appalachian Mountains
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Proclamation of 1763
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meeting of delegates from 9 colonies in New York City objecting to the Stamp Act and right of Parliament to tax the colonies
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Stamp Act
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redcoats kill 5 Bostom colonists who were among a crowd throwing things at the redcoats
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Boston Massacre
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Bostonians dressed as Indians dump 342 chests of British tea into the Boston Harbor
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Tea Act
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4 British laws designed to punish Massachusetts for the Boston Tea Party
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Intolerable Acts
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colonists who supported independence fom Britain
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Patriots
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2 villages where American Revolution began
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Lexington and Concord
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man chosen by the second continental congress to command the continental army
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George Washington
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final plea from second continental congress to king george expressing loyalty to him and asking his help to end the conflict
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Olive Branch Petition
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pamphlet written by Thomas Paine calling for independence from Britain
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Common Sense
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date the second continental congress formally adopted the declaration of independence; birthday of the US
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July 4th
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Americans who opposed seceding from Britain
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Loyalists or Tories
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American victory over Hessians duringChristmas in New Jersey after Patriots lost control of New York City
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Battle of Trenton
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American victory in New York that proved itself to be the turning point of the American Revolution, because it convinced the French to join the Patriots in fighting Britain
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Battle of Saratoga
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French and American victory in Virginia that effectively ended the American Revolution
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Battle of Yorktown
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Treaty ending the American Revolution; giving the United States independence from Britain and control of land from the Atlantic Ocean to the Mississippi River and from the Great Lades to Spanish Florida
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Treaty of Paris
