history 2610 finals – Flashcards
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The Embargo Act did NOT
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force political concessions from Britain and France.
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Which of the following authorized American trade with all nations except Britain and France?
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Non-Intercourse Act
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President Jefferson's conflict with the Barbary pirates concerned
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tribute paid to protect American shipping
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The Hartford Convention did NOT adopt a proposal to
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have New England secede from the Union
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The Shawnee prophet, Tenskwatawa, wanted his people to
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unite
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The Embargo Act
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assumed that American trade was vital to European industry
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Who was credited with the introduction of the steamboat?
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Robert Fulton
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The Supreme Court's ruling in the Gibbons v. Ogden case in 1824
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broadened federal control over interstate commerce.
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The Erie Canal was primarily financed by
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state governments
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What was the central argument of southern opponents of the Tallmadge Amendment to the Missouri Admissions Bill?
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Congress had no authority to place anti-slavery restrictions upon a state.
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The first goal of postwar expansionists in the United States after 1815 was
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to obtain Florida from Spain.
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As a result of the Missouri Compromise,
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slavery was banned north of 36° 30' in the Louisiana Territory
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The most spectacular engineering achievement of the young United States was the
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Erie Canal.
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Match the individual in the left column with the technology he is identified with in the right column.
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Samuel Morse : telegraph Robert Fulton : steamship Eli Whitney : cotton gin
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The first great federal transportation project was the
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building of the National Roads
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The "Era of Good Feelings" refers to
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the early years of James Monroe's presidency
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Which one of the following was NOT a major pre-Civil War improvement in the American transportation system?
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all were important
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During John Marshall's tenure as Chief Justice, the Supreme Court rendered decisions that
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All of the above
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Under the ________, manufacturers provided raw materials to people in their own homes and then picked up the finished products for distribution.
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putting-out system
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________ came to symbolize the triumph of democracy.
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Andrew Jackson
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As president, Andrew Jackson is notable for his
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belief in the dignity and worth of ordinary people.
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Andrew Jackson killed the national bank
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by withdrawing federal deposits from it.
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The Whig Party
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grew from a coalition of Jackson's opponents.
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The popular hero of the 1830s was
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the self-made man
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The Trail of Tears was the consequence of Andrew Jackson's commitment to an Indian policy of
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removal
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Andrew Jackson's popularity as a political leader was in part due to his
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image as a strong-willed, self-made man of the people
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The nullification crisis involved a conflict of authority between
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the state of South Carolina and the federal government
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Andrew Jackson's attitude toward Native Americans was that
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they should be removed to areas beyond white expansion
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What was the dominant symbol of the Whig Presidential Campaign in 1840?
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log cabin
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The various factions in the Whig Party coalition were united by their common opposition to
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Andrew Jackson
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American culture in the Jacksonian period
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reflected the rise of the democratic spirit
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The Trail of Tears refers to
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the forced relocation of Native Americans to Oklahoma
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Andrew Jackson's relations with his vice president, John C. Calhoun, could best be described as
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strained
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The "Tariff of Abominations" was most strongly opposed by
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southerners
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The political party that emerged in opposition to Andrew Jackson in the 1830s was known as the
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Whig Party
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Manifest Destiny was based, in part, on
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the belief that God was on the side of American expansionism
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The most plausible reason for the Texas Revolution was
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the unwillingness of Anglo-Americans to accept Mexican rule
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________, the hero of San Jacinto, became the first president of the Texas Republic.
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Sam Houston
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James K. Polk's election to the presidency in 1844 was considered a popular mandate for
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manifest destiny annexing Texas
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James Polk went to war with Mexico
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to force the secession of New Mexico and California
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Which one of the following states actually existed for ten years as an independent nation before its admission to the Union?
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Texas
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Who was president of the United States when the Mexican War began?
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James K. Polk
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The Texas Republic won its independence from Mexico at the Battle of
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San Jacinto
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The winner of the election of 1844 was
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James K. Polk
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California in the 1830s and 1840s was controlled by
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Mexico
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The Oregon Trail was
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the longest pioneer route to the Far West
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In an 1846 agreement with Great Britain, the United States surrendered its claim to the Oregon territory between
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the 49th parallel and 54° 40'
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The rallying cry "Fifty-Four Forty or Fight" referred to which desired territory?
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Oregon
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In an effort to assert its authority over Texas, the Mexican government
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prohibited slavery.
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In 1830, California, Texas, and New Mexico were under the sovereignty of
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Mexico
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Which one of the following was an important premise of Manifest Destiny?
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all of the above
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President Polk based the war message he delivered to Congress in 1846 on the claim that
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Mexican soldiers had shed American blood on American soil.
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What religion advocated sexual equality, communal ownership, and strict celibacy?
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Shaker
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As a reform effort, the temperance movement
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was directed at a serious social problem
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The African American family under slavery
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emphasized kinship and mutual affection.
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What were the distinguishing features of the Oneida community?
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complex marriage
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The founder of the Mormon religion was
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Joseph Smith
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The leader of the movement to reform asylums and prisons was
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Dorothea Dix
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The Washingtonian Movement concerned the problem of
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alcoholism
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The feminists' Seneca Falls Convention statement of grievances was a close paraphrasing of
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the Declaration of Independence
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The founder of the radical anti-slavery movement was
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William Lloyd Garrison
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Slavery would not have lasted as long as it did except for
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the place it held in the southern economy.
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Between the 1820s and 1850s, the public school movement
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enjoyed considerable success in the North
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Which of these women spoke out against slavery while living in South Carolina?
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Elizabeth Cady Stanton
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For refusing to stop printing his abolitionist views, one of the first martyrs of the abolitionist movement was
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Elijah Lovejoy
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In The Liberator, William Lloyd Garrison swore that he was committed to
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immediately abolishing slavery in the South
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Historians have evaluated abolitionism as
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successfully bringing slavery to the forefront of the American consciousness.
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In response to the "sack of Lawrence," Kansas, John Brown
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executed five pro-slavery settlers at Pottawatomie Creek
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In 1856, Congressman Preston Brooks of South Carolina, on the floor of the U.S. Senate, almost beat Senator ________ of Massachusetts to death.
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Charles Sumner
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The most problematic element in the Compromise of 1850 was the provision regarding the
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return of runaway slaves.
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According to the principle of popular sovereignty,
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settlers would determine whether a territory would have slavery
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For his raid on Harpers Ferry, John Brown received a sympathetic response from
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the northern public
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The Compromise of 1850
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abolished the slave trade in the District of Columbia
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In 1850, southerners feared that the sectional balance of power would be upset by
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California's admission as a free state
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Harriet Beecher Stowe's Uncle Tom's Cabin provoked northern outrage over the implications of
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the Fugitive Slave Law
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The Dred Scott Decision
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was looked upon favorably by the South
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The concept of popular sovereignty held that
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residents should determine whether slavery should exist in a territory.
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The American ("Know Nothing") Party's platform can best be described as
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nativist
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What was the central issue that dominated American politics during the 1850s?
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slavery in the western territories
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With his raid on Harpers Ferry, John Brown hoped to
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provoke a slave insurrection
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The Wilmot Proviso sought to
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ban slavery in the territory acquired from Mexico.
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In the Dred Scott case, the Supreme Court decision was largely the work of Chief Justice
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Roger Taney
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Who was the abolitionist senator who was severely beaten when he condemned the South for the "Crime Against Kansas"?
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Charles Sumner
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Wilmot's Proviso
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prohibited slavery in any territory gained from Mexico.
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The first state to secede from the Union was
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South Carolina
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Abraham Lincoln's reelection chances in 1864 received a tremendous boost from the
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reception of the news that General Sherman had captured Atlanta.
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In the beginning, the Civil War was
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a struggle to preserve the Union.
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During the Civil War, how many African Americans served in the Union Army?
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180,000
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The first major battle of the war, at Bull Run, resulted in
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a Confederate victory
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Had it been enacted, the Crittenden Compromise would have
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banned slavery north of 36° 30' latitude
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Which of the following was NOT a Union military advantage during the Civil War?
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superior generals
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Where was the government of the Confederate States of America organized?
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Montgomery, Alabama
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Which one of the following states was NOT part of the Confederacy?
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Missouri
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Where did General Robert E. Lee surrender the army of Northern Virginia to General U. S. Grant?
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Appomattox Courthouse, Virginia
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The most effective Union general was
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Ulysses S. Grant.
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As the Civil War began, the South had an initial superiority of
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military leadership
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Lincoln's opponent in the presidential election of 1864 was
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George McClellan.
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After the firing on Fort Sumter, which one of these four border slave states did NOT join the Confederacy?
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Kentucky
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Who was selected to serve as president of the Confederate States of America?
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Jefferson F. Davis of Mississippi
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The Crittenden Compromise
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extended the Missouri Compromise to the Pacific.
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What was the bloodiest one-day battle of the Civil War?
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Antietam
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Who was the presidential nominee of the new Constitutional Union Party in 1860?
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John Bell
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President Lincoln's cautious approach to making the abolition of slavery a war goal of the Union
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resulted from his concern about losing slaveholding border states to the Confederacy.
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By the spring of 1861, most Southerners had concluded that
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no additional compromise with the North would succeed.
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In the Dred Scott case, the first question faced by the Supreme Court was
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whether or not Scott was a citizen.
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