question

In what way did the Canton system seek to control trade?

answer

It required European traders to have Chinese merchants act as guarantors for their good behavior and payment of fees

question

For what reason did the Tokugawa shoguns expel all foreign traders except for the Dutch?

answer

The Dutch were Protestants and did not proselytize

question

How did Dutch merchants contribute to the development of European commerce?

answer

They established a stock exchange, a banking system, and a system for insuring cargoes

question

Why did European wars expand into global confrontations?

answer

Conflicts over overseas colonies and trade routes replaced earlier regional religious and territorial struggles

question

What was a global effect of the Seven Years' War?

answer

Great Britain emerged as the world's strongest colonial power, making it harder for indigenous people to pit European powers against one another

question

How did Europe's cultural exchanges with the Americas and the Pacific compare with its exchanges with China and the Islamic world?

answer

Unlike cultures in China and the Islamic world, indigenous cultures in the Americas and the Pacific were undermined by contact with Europeans

question

In what way did the Islamic world in the period between 1500 and 1780 change from its earlier pattern of cultural development

answer

The Islamic world developed three distinctive cultural traditions centered on the Mughal, Ottoman, and Safavid empires

question

What were some of the broader consequences of the Enlightenment?

answer

The expansion of literacy and the spread of critical thinking

question

Which of the following did Captain Cook and Christopher Columbus have in common

answer

Both of them changed local ecologies by introducing European flora and fauna to unfamiliar environment

question

Which of John Locke's ideas formed the basis of the Declaration of Independence

answer

A social contract, binding both ruler and ruled

question

Which of the following accurately characterizes both the American and French Revolutions

answer

Both introduced republican forms of government

question

Which of the following accurately describes the political revolution against the Spanish monarchy in early nineteenth-century Latin America

answer

It was crushed by the colonial elite, who used their Spanish identity to justify their control

question

Which of the following accurately indicates the process by which the slave trade was ended in the North Atlantic

answer

Britain posted a naval squadron off the coast of West Africa to prevent any slave trade north of the equator

question

What effect did the end of the Atlantic slave trade have in Africa

answer

Slavery increased within Africa to provide labor for commercial crops such as palm oil and cloves

question

Which of the following accurately describes global trade in the mid-nineteenth century

answer

People increasingly worked to produce goods they could sell in the global market instead of producing subsistence crops

question

In what way did Britain's political and social environment contribute to the industrial revolution

answer

It allowed merchants and industrialists to invest heavily in such inventions as steam power

question

How did the industrial revolution affect Europe's relationships with other parts of the world

answer

Europe became more powerful economically by exporting more goods than it imported

question

Which of the following explains why China did not become the epicenter of the industrial revolution?

answer

The Qing did not foster experimentation or create the links between thinkers and investors

question

Which of the following methods was used by Tsar Nicholas I to maintain absolute rule in Russia

answer

He expanded the secret police and enforced censorship

question

During the eighteenth and nineteenth centuries, how did India's traditional trade patterns change?

answer

India became an importer of British goods such as cotton textiles, and an exporter of raw materials.

question

How did the trade relationship between China and Europe change in the early nineteenth century?

answer

The balance of trade between China and Europe was reversed

question

The leaders of eighteenth- and nineteenth-century Islamic revitalization movements sought to reestablish the glory of Islam through which practice

answer

Establishing new religiously based governments in lands already under Muslim control

question

The impetus of Mohammad Ibn al-Wahhab's Islamic reform movement was a reaction to which of the following

answer

Polytheistic beliefs that had taken root among some Muslims

question

How did the status of Islam in West Africa change after the establishment of the Sokoto caliphate

answer

It changed from a minority religion to the majority religion in the region

question

Why did small-scale settlements in southern Africa give way to larger states during the early nineteenth century

answer

Larger states were better equipped to compete for limited land and resources

question

During the early nineteenth century, which of the following led to a crisis in southern Africa

answer

Overpopulation that strained the region's resource base

question

Which of the following is a similarity between the goals of Hong, the leaders of the Islamic revitalization movements, and Shaka

answer

They all believed that lack of harmony was caused by foreign rule

question

What did Marx and Engels believe would be the outcome of the conflict between the bourgeoisie and the proletariat

answer

A victory by the proletariat that would result in the destruction of capitalism, the end of private property, and the eventual withering away of the state

question

Francis Bacon's method of scientific inquiry asserted which of the following

answer

Conducting experiments was the only way that humans could begin to understand the workings of nature

question

Which of the following did Adam Smith see as a valid reason for creating an economy with less government regulation

answer

He believed that free and fair competition provided the best opportunity to produce wealth

question

Which of the following contributed to social and political instability in both China and Africa?

answer

Pressure from a growing population

question

What was one of the reasons for the collapse of the Taiping Rebellion?

answer

It failed to attract strong support from the landed gentry and other elite groups

question

In Restoration-period Europe, which of the following was a goal of liberal thinkers?

answer

Supporting individuals' right to speak, think, and act as they chose

question

In what way did nineteenth-century nationalist goals prove destructive in the twentieth century?

answer

The nationalist goals of different groups proved incompatible with one another

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