HIST 50H – Flashcard

Unlock all answers in this set

Unlock answers
question
What was the first metal alloy invented by Mesopotamians c. 3300 BCE?
answer
Bronze
question
One of Hammurabi's most significant acts as king of Babylonia was to
answer
create and publicize a law code.
question
After the death of her husband, the pharaoh of Egypt, what did Hatshepust do with the kingship?
answer
Took it for herself.
question
The first mention of the people called Israel occurs in 1207 BCE in the records of what conquering people?
answer
Egypt
question
Mesopotamian cuneiform script was usually written on what material?
answer
Clay
question
Unification of Egypt under the pharaohs involved linking upper and lower Egypt; where is lower Egypt located?
answer
North
question
What part of their ancestors' bodies did the Natufians remove to place in their altar niches?
answer
skulls
question
The battle of Qadesh in 1274 BCE was the largest chariot battle in the Middle East and was fought between Egypt and
answer
Hittites
question
The Assyrian army utilized armor, helmets, and weapons made out of
answer
iron.
question
The potter's wheel was introduced in the Mesopotamian city of Uruk and allowed for pottery to be standardized in size and shape.
answer
True
question
How does the Egyptian creation myth differ from the Mesopotamian creation myth?
answer
The Egyptian myth is less violent than the Mesopotamian story of creation.
question
Greek sculpture was influenced by the sculpture and statuary of
answer
Egypt.
question
In the Mesopotamian epic of Gilgamesh, what does the hero/king go on a quest to find?
answer
Immortality
question
Greeks learned about Mesopotamian literature, and the artistic tradition of depicting winged animals and muscular gods from what Mesopotamian people?
answer
Assyrians
question
In Homer's The Odyssey, peace in Odysseus's kingdom is restored only when the hero
answer
killed his wife Penelope's suitors.
question
The Edwin Smith Papyri is a collection of texts that is concerned with what field of study?
answer
mathematics
question
The pattern of transitioning from animism to polytheism is tied to the transition from forager to cities, and to the rise of
answer
kings.
question
Hesiod, a Greek writer who crafted a creation story, won what kind of contest?
answer
Poetry
question
What mathematical measurement do you use every day can we trace back to the Babylonians?
answer
time
question
In Enuma Elish, what did Marduk use to create humanity after he defeated Tiamat?
answer
Blood of his stepfather
question
The most valued skill in the Vedas was
answer
military.
question
The Aryans used ghee in religious rituals; what is ghee?
answer
clarified butter
question
What is the significance of the Rig Veda in world literature?
answer
oldest poetry in any Indo-European language
question
The Vedic god Varuna was associated with
answer
law.
question
Most of the hymns of the Rig Veda feature what deity?
answer
Indra
question
Wealth in Aryan society was measured by how many ________ one possessed.
answer
cows
question
One of the most significant challenges to the theory that the Aryans defeated Harappa is that
answer
the Harappan cities were already abandoned by the time the Aryans appear in India.
question
The political theorist Kautilya is associated with what state in Aryan India?
answer
Vajjian
question
In the Bhagavad-Gita, the god Krishna urges Arjuna to act according to dharma, which means according to
answer
one's prescribed role.
question
Janapadas were states built on what economic base?
answer
agriculture
question
Sites in China dating to 7000 BCE are among the earliest for the cultivation of
answer
rice.
question
What evidence indicates the use of chariots in Shang society?
answer
Burial sites include chariots.
question
In Shang society, social rank was based on
answer
size of cattle herds.
question
Shang and Zhou women held prominent places in society and the economy, especially with the production of
answer
silk.
question
Wang Zhihuan's poem about "Climbing Stork Pavilion" describes a scenic view of the
answer
Yellow River.
question
The economic center of China shifted to South China because of
answer
intensive rice farming.
question
Xia buildings, and many in China today, had their entrance facing
answer
south.
question
Wen, Wu, and Cheng were kings of what client state of the Shang?
answer
Zhou
question
One of the most innovative aspects of Wu Ding's attempts to contact the spiritual realm is that he used
answer
a writing system.
question
The Banpo Village houses had early examples of a kang, which is a
answer
heated bed.
question
Evidence indicates that in the Shang period, the death of a ruler was the occasion to sacrifice what animal?
answer
humans
question
In the oracle bone divination ritual, what on the bone gave "answers" to the questions written on the bone?
answer
cracks
question
The Chinese in the sixth century BCE produced the world's first
answer
cast iron.
question
According to tradition, the cultural hero Fuxi discovered writing by observing symbols
answer
etched on a turtule.
question
Most of Shang religion consisted of offering sacrifices to and seeking divination from
answer
Shangdi
question
Taotie were highly abstract and stylized depictions of
answer
animals
question
The "carved clay" technique is unique to China and involves the production of
answer
bronze vessels.
question
The primary deity of the Zhou dynasty was known as
answer
Tian.
question
By the late Zhou era, the Chinese came to believe that what was the guiding cosmic force?
answer
Heaven
question
The Shijing, or Poetry Classic, is an important source for what aspect of Zhou society?
answer
commoners
question
Wealth at Dhar Tichitt and Dhar Oualata, c. 2000 BCE was probably measured in
answer
livestock.
question
In the 4th century CE, Aksum took over trade with the Roman Empire and converted to
answer
Coptic Christianity
question
What evidence did the foragers leave behind as they retreated away for the drying Sahara?
answer
cave paintings
question
Aksum took its only attempt at imperialism in the early sixth century when it invaded
answer
Yemen
question
One of the key debates about Meroe is whether it acquired the ability to smelt iron from the Middle East or from
answer
sub-Saharan Africa.
question
As human moved further south in the sub-Saharan Africa, they encountered diseases such as
answer
malaria
question
The Sahara began to expand across North Africa c. 5000 BCE when what weather pattern shifted eastward?
answer
monsoon rains
question
One of the criteria for describing Jenne-jeno as a city is that had a sizeable population of
answer
nonagricultural craftsmen
question
Archaeologists working in the 1990s discovered the earliest version of the Mayan ______ at Tabasco, Oaxaca.
answer
calendar
question
How were rainforest areas south of the Sahara prepared for agriculture?
answer
slash and burn
question
The Teotihuacan Temple of the Sun is built upon a
answer
cave.
question
As Mayan villages expanded into towns, what did the elite have more of than the commoners?
answer
better farmland.
question
One primary difference between Teotihuacan and the Maya is that Teotihuacan lacked a writing system.
answer
False
question
The main sacrifice performed by the Maya to honor the gods was a blood gift taken from a
answer
king.
question
Among the four calendars used by the Maya, the Long Count measured time in what way?
answer
From the beginning of the universe.
question
Mayan villages built up farmland in the Yucatan peninsula to support agriculture based on what key crops?
answer
squash and beans
question
The shift from the Paracas chiefdoms to the Nazca chiefdoms is marked by a change in the manufacture of
answer
pottery.
question
What are the puquios of the Nazca?
answer
irrigation tunnels
question
The first ceremonial centers of the Maya were
answer
rectangular platforms
question
The earliest archaeological evidence for the chiefdom of Moche is found in what structure?
answer
tomb
question
What did Bactrian Menander and Kushan ruler Kanishka have in common?
answer
Both men converted to Buddhism and promoted it in their kingdoms.
question
The Gupta rulers were Hindu and banned the practice of Jainism and Buddhism in their empire.
answer
False
question
Chandragupta Maurya abdicated his throne in 297 to
answer
join a Join a Jain monastery.
question
Why was Fa Xian traveling around India in 399-414 CE?
answer
He was on pilgrimage to sacred Buddhist sites.
question
The kingdom of Menander in Bactria spoke what language?
answer
Greek
question
Chandragupta's first attempt to create an empire in northern India was based on what religious threat from the Nandas?
answer
The Nanda dynasty was from the lowest caste, the shudra varna.
question
Meeting with Sandrokoptros, or Chandragupta Maurya, may have convinced Alexander to
answer
not invade India.
question
The Mandapa Temple, Mahabali Purana pagodas, and complex of Krishna I at Kailsantha were all Hindu temples in southern India that were
answer
carved from solid rock.
question
The Gupta Dynasty began somewhere near
answer
Magadha.
question
Ashoka's conversion to Buddhism followed a fierce battle between the Mauryans and
answer
Kalinga.
question
Buddhist monasteries in Southeast Asia and Asia were used for hostels as well as for prayer.
answer
True
question
In the practice of sati, a wife shows her loyalty to her husband by committing ritual suicide by
answer
self-immolation.
question
Why did Siddhartha Gautama's father have the young prince secluded in a palace?
answer
to protect him from evil and suffering
question
Although some Hindus in the Gupta period celebrated women's sexuality, others viewed it as a problem because it distracted men from
answer
ahieving moksha.
question
What mathematical concept were the Indians the first to use?
answer
zero
question
What is the concept of "jiva" in the Jain system?
answer
the soul that all things have
question
For members of the "twice born" upper castes, which of the following was the fourth of the four stages of life according to Hindu tradition?
answer
wanderer
question
The first depictions of the Buddha in human form closely resembled the Greek depiction of
answer
Apollo.
question
Vedic rituals and sacrifices became less important after 500 BCE as what new social class appeared?
answer
merchants
question
According to Hindu beliefs, what is "Bharata"?
answer
India as a land united by faith
question
The Qin state's wealth was based on
answer
agricultural surplus.
question
Mencius compared human nature to what to illustrate his belief that humans were inclined to good?
answer
water
question
The founder of the Han Dynasty, Liu Bang, was unusual among China's rulers because he was
answer
a peasant.
question
One of the ways Shi Huangdi and his advisors manged the message put out by the state was to
answer
burn all unapproved books.
question
In 1138 CE, the first foundling hospitals were built in Sung China to deal with what problem?
answer
Unwanted daughters.
question
One of the most important industries in China was the production of salt, which used natural gas in a process ot extract the salt from
answer
a salt-water brine.
question
In Chinese texts, the man known to the west as Confucius is known by what title?
answer
The Master.
question
As part of Han Wudi's plan to Sinicize nomadic and Central Asian peoples, the Chinese encouraged these people to adopt
answer
the Chinese writing system.
question
Legalists believed that education was an essential occupation for citizens.
answer
false
question
For Confucius, the Duke of Zhao was an excellent example of
answer
a junzi
question
What did Gregory the Great add to the traditions of the Catholic mass?
answer
music
question
What concept held the feudal relationship together?
answer
loyalty
question
The Carolingians came to power in which Frankish territory?
answer
Austrasia
question
"Boon work" in the manorial system was free labor provided for the head of the manor by
answer
peasants.
question
Because Pepin the Short was crowned with holy oil, he introduced the idea that he was king by the authority of
answer
God.
question
In the feudal system that arose in ninth century Frankia, what was the basic service that vassals owed their lords?
answer
military
question
In feudalism, what was a fief?
answer
grants of land
question
Before Pope Gregory I was pope, he encountered a group of slave boys from ______ whom he described as angels.
answer
Britain
question
Charles Martel of the Carolingians acquired the name Martel, "The Hammer," because his military victory over whome at the Battle of Tours?
answer
Muslims
question
What title did Charlemagne acquire in 800 from Pope Leo III?
answer
Emperor of the Romans
question
A moldboard was a feature and technological development of what device?
answer
plow
question
Of the new monastic orders of the thirteenth century which was dedicated primarily to preaching as a way to combat heresy?
answer
Dominicans
question
In the thirteenth century, the Italians claimed what western Mediterranean port from Muslims?
answer
Gibraltar
question
What was the advantage of the stern-post rudder, adapted by European ships in the 12th century?
answer
allowed for larger ships
question
Adelard of Bath, in the early twelfth century, translated many Greek scientific texts from
answer
Arabic.
question
Anti-Jewish feelings and violence increased after what eleventh century event?
answer
First Crusade
question
As the Medieval English parliament evolved, the lower house of knight and burgesses came to be known as the House of
answer
Commons.
question
In the scholastic debate of the twelfth century, St. Anselm represented those who favored ______ as the most important approach to understanding God.
answer
faith
question
In the eleventh century, popular piety increased, related to an increase in the veneration of
answer
Blessed Virgin Mary
question
Windmills were introduced to Western Europe in the twelfth century and were brought over from
answer
China
question
One reason why gender roles tended to be less divisive in Korea was because of the intensive labor need for what cultivation?
answer
rice
question
What uji was the first to be granted the title of Sei-i-tai Shogun, and thus began the Shogunates?
answer
Minamoto
question
As part of their conquest of Korea, what did the Mongols do to approximately 250,000 Koreans, beginning in 1254?
answer
enslavement and deportation
question
What is the best definition of uji in Japanese writing?
answer
clan
question
The name "Vietnam" originated in the name for the region by what other Asian power?
answer
China
question
What literary format did Murasaki Shikibu contribute to world literature?
answer
novel
question
What destroyed the second Mongol fleet which attempted to invade Japan in 1281?
answer
a typhoon
question
"Chu nom" was a Vietnamese attempt at creating their own
answer
writing system.
question
The weakness of the central authority in Heian Japan was highlighted during what epidemic from 733-737?
answer
small pox
question
After the creation of han-gul, the highly elite men in Korean wrote in
answer
Chinese.
Get an explanation on any task
Get unstuck with the help of our AI assistant in seconds
New