HIST 101 51-75 – Flashcards
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The medieval university's system of moving from degree to degree by demonstrating mastery most closely resembled what other system?
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Craftsman
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How did friars differ from earlier medieval monks?
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the friars worked in the world, while monks lived separate in monasteries
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As a collective, why did universitas have considerable leverage in negotiations with local leaders?
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source of income
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Why would Edward I have maintained Parliament, which had started out as an assembly that was potentially treasonous?
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it was an easy way to get citizens to give up money to meet the costs of the government
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What was entailed in a professor's glossing of a text?
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they read the passage from book and then commented on it, explaining its meaning and spelling out its implications
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The conflict between Henry II of England and Thomas Becket highlighted what issue in medieval Europe?
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It addressed how much power the state vs the church actually has
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What does Thomas Aquinas think about the relationship between reason and faith?
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reason and faith were complementary methods for understanding reality
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The relationship between Heloise and Peter Abelard is a reminder of which important fact about medieval women?
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Even brilliant women could not attend the formal schools in Paris
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What is the best way to describe the relationship that the Catholic Church of the High Middle Ages had with Aristotle's work?
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the church censored him
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What kind of natural disaster struck Europe several times during the first third of the fourteenth century?
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famine; plague
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Roughly, what percentage of the European population was killed by the Black Death between 1347 and 1350
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one third 30-50%
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Which group did many Europeans blame for causing the plague?
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Jews
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Which Christian city was sacked during the Fourth Crusade?
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Constantinople
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Which warrior brought the Muslims of the Middle East together, formed an empire that stretched from African to Armenia, and founded the Ayyubid dynasty?
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Saladin
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The Mongol leader Temujin, who led his people to conquer parts of China, Russia and Persia, is better known by which name?
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Genghis Khan
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What was the name of the Venetian merchant who claimed to have visited the Mongol court and whose writings are disputed source of information on thirteenth-century China?
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Marco Polo
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What actions did critics refer to as the "Babylonian captivity"?
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papacy's sojourn in Avignon
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The Great Schism was an extended dispute over divided claims to what Catholic position?
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disputes over papal authority
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Which thinker insisted that because popes were human, they were prone to error as anyone else and proposed that the best way to determine truth about an issue was to seek a consensus of opinion?
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William of Ockham
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Who claimed that the church was a natural rather than a supernatural entity and that the church community was composed of individual Christians who had a right to control it?
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Marsiglio of Padua
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What was the underlying issue of the Hundred Years' War?
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The causes of the war where when King Edward, the English king, made a claim to the French throne
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The idea that the final authority in spiritual matters belonged to the whole community of Christians was known as
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Conciliarism
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What might be considered the silver lining to the cloud cast over Europe by the Black Death?
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The disease potentially reduced stress on European food supply due to the shrinking population
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After 1300, European crop production began to fall due to
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a long period of slowly diminishing average temperatures
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According to Innocent III's theory of papal monarchy
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All Christians, including kings, were subject to the pope's authority
