question

The best example of Hiberno-Saxon art is

answer

the Book of Kells

question

At the synod of Whitby in 664, the English church accepted the Irish practices rather than the Roman.

answer

False

question

The political, economic, and social policies of the restored empire under Diocletian and Constantine

answer

were based on coercion and the loss of individual freedom.

question

Justinian's most important contribution to Western civilization was his

answer

codification of law.

question

The title "Vicars of Christ" has traditionally been given to the

answer

Bishops of Rome.

question

Muhammad's flight from Mecca to Medina in 622 is known as the

answer

Hegira.

question

The greatest difference between Irish Christianity and Roman Christianity was in

answer

Irish church organization, giving Irish abbots more power than bishops.

question

The Frankish palace official, Charles Martel, successfully defended the civilization of the new western European kingdoms in 732 by

answer

defeating Muslim armies in 732.

question

The cardinal principle of the Islamic faith is that there is only God and his prophet is

answer

Muhammad

question

The withdrawal of Roman armies from Britain enabled

answer

Angles and Saxons, Germanic tribes from Denmark and Germany, to invade and to establish new kingdoms on the isle.

question

Muslims regard Muhammad as a prophet of god but not as himself divine.

answer

True

question

Tetrarchy was Diocletian's plan to

answer

establish an orderly succession to the emperorship.

question

The basic rule for western monastic living was developed by

answer

Benedict.

question

The great Christian scholar of late antiquity, Cassiodorus, divided the seven liberal arts into the trivium and quadrivium. According to Cassiodorus, the trivium includes

answer

grammar, rhetoric, and dialectic or logic.

question

The successors to Muhammad's leadership of the Muslims were known as

answer

caliphs.

question

In 711, Byzantine armies from Constantinople destroyed the Visigothic kingdom in Spain.

answer

False

question

The heresy of Arianism

answer

questioned the divinity of Jesus.

question

The Byzantine emperor who initiated the iconoclastic controversy in 725 was

answer

Leo III

question

In 476, the boy emperor Romulus Augustulus was deposed by

answer

Odoacer.

question

The "Apostle to the Germans" and the most famous churchman in Europe in the eighth century was

answer

Boniface.

question

The Corpus Iuris Civilis (Body of Civil Law) compiled under Justinian

answer

was the last Byzantine contribution to the west to be written in Latin.

question

Theodoric, the Ostrogothic king who took control of Italy, was determined to

answer

maintain Roman customs and practices in Italy.

question

After the death of Theodoric, the Ostrogothic kingdom

answer

was defeated by the Byzantines, reducing Rome as a center of Mediterranean culture.

question

Constantine declared toleration for Christians but did not make Christianity the official Roman religion.

answer

False

question

The holy man who created the first community of monks in Egypt and laid the foundations for the monastic movement was

answer

Saint Anthony.

question

Irish monasticism from the sixth through eighth centuries tended to be highly

answer

ascetic.

question

Saint Augustine wrote that in marriage, men and women should reject celibacy and that sex should be enjoyed without regard for purpose.

answer

False

question

By the second half of the fourth century, German tribes, known as "federates," were incorporated into the Roman army.

answer

True

question

The controversy of 730 that set the Latin and Greek Orthodox Christians apart was over

answer

iconoclasm, or the destruction of icons.

question

The Edict of Milan

answer

was Constantine's document officially tolerating the existence of Christianity.

question

The primary instrument of Pope Gregory for converting the Germanic peoples of Europe was

answer

monasticism.

question

By the end of the fifth century in the West

answer

the Romans still controlled the economic resources.

question

By 395, the western and eastern parts of the Roman Empire became virtually two independent states.

answer

True

question

One of the greatest nuns of the seventh-century, and founder of the Whitby monastery was

answer

St. Hilda.

question

Frankish marriage customs

answer

placed strong sanctions (sometimes death) on adulterous women.

question

The Council of Nicaea in 325

answer

defined Christ as being "of the same substance" as God.

question

Justinian's military conquests under the general, Belisarius,

answer

were short-lived.

question

The pope who supposedly caused Attila and the Huns to turn away from Rome was

answer

Leo I.

question

Augustine wrote which one of the following books?

answer

The City of God.

question

The Muslim dynasty that assumed power after the assassination of Muhammad's son-in-law, Ali, and moved the capital to Damascus was the

answer

Umayyad.

question

In the late fourth century, the Visigoths and other Germanic tribes, were pushed into the Balkans region of the Eastern Roman Empire because of pressure from the

answer

Huns.

question

Muslim societies abide by a strict code of law, much of it derived from the holy book Qur'an, and regulating all aspects of Muslim life. This law code is called

answer

Shari'a.

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