High School Sociology, Macionis, 14th ed., 10 & 11 – Flashcards
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Davis and Moore point out that an egalitarian society:
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could exist but only if people are willing to allow anyone to perform any job.
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A college professor with advanced degrees, moderate salary, and little power to shape national events can be described as having:
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low status consistency.
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The historical replacement of caste systems with class systems:
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replaces one kind of inequality with another.
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In general, societies that have caste systems have economies that are:
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agrarian.
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At the lowest level of social stratification in ancient Japan were the:
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burakumin or "outcasts."
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A common micro-level pattern involving social interaction is that:
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people tend to socialize with others of about the same social position.
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One good indication that caste still operates in Great Britain is the importance people attach to:
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accent in speech.
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The "bell curve" thesis states that, in recent decades, U.S. society:
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is becoming more of a meritocracy.
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Why do societies with class systems keep some elements of caste (such as the inheritance of wealth) rather than becoming complete meritocracies?
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Because a pure meritocracy would eliminate families and other social loyalties that tie a society together.
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The point of the chapter-opening story of passenger deaths that accompanied the sinking of the ocean liner Titanic is that:
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social stratification matters and can sometimes be a matter of life and death.
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One study found that about how many people in the United States were homeless for some time during 2005?
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754,000, although the real number could be several times higher.
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According to Karl Marx, which class forms the core of the industrial proletariat?
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The working class.
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In 2007, how many people were counted by the U.S. government as having income below the official poverty line?
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37 million
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If you followed the lead of Max Weber, you would think of social stratification in terms of:
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a multidimensional status hierarchy.
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Today, the wealth of the average U.S. family is about:
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$100,000.
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The concept of "intergenerational social mobility" refers to change in social position:
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by children in relation to their parents.
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Based on statistics in the textbook, it is correct to say that the richest 20 percent of the population earn about _____ times as much as the poorest 20 percent.
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twelve
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In the United States, the median income for African American families is about _____ as much as that for a non-Hispanic, white family.
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57 percent
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During the last twenty years, which category of the U.S. population has experienced the largest gains in average income?
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The highest-paid 20 percent.
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In the United States, an increasing percentage of the poor are:
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single women and their children.
