High School Health unit 2 – Flashcards
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Aerobic
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dependent upon oxygen to function.
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Anabolism
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the process by which the cell uses nutrients to repair or build new tissues.
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Anaerobic
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not dependent upon oxygen to function.
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Atrophy
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the decrease in functionality of the body due to lack of use or poor nutrition.
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Best source of calories
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The best sources of calories are the ones that are high in vitamins and minerals, and low in fats and sugars.
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Cardiovascular
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relating to the circulatory system.
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Carbohydrates
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the body's primary and immediate source of energy.
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Carotene
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found in yellow and green vegetables and fruits.
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Citrus fruits
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the most abundant source of vitamin c
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Calorie
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the amount of heat needed to raise the temperature of one kilogram of water one degree Celsius.
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Catabolism
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the conversion of nutrients into energy.
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Complex Carbohydrates
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require a prolonged process of digestion in order to be broken down into glucose, and therefore, help maintain proper blood sugar levels.
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Complete Protein
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food source that contains all the essential amino acids.
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Dairy
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dairy products are a good source of calcium, protein, and vitamins A and D.
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Essential Amino acids
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proteins that can't be manufactured by the body and must be derived from food sources.
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Enzyme
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an organic substance responsible for initiating chemical changes within the body.
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Fiber
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helps to keep the digestive system working properly and guards against colon cancer.
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Five food groups in MyPlate:
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A. Grains B. Fruit C. Vegetables D. Dairy E. Protein.
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Four
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the number of servings of fruit that a teenager needs to eat each day.
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Fructose
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the type of sugar found in all fruits.
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Glucose
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the cells main source of energy.
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Incomplete proteins
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food sources that don't contain all the amino acids.
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Macro-Elements
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macro-elements are needed by the body in large amounts in order to maintain good health.
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Metabolism
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the process by which a cell converts nutrients into energy or materials for growth, repair, reproduction, and maintenance.
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Milk
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Milk is a complete protein.
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Nutrients
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chemical substances that are absorbed by the body through the process of digestion.
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Nutrition
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the proper supply of nutrients essential for growth, reproduction, repair, immunity, and energy.
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Protein
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the nutrient that is essential to cellular construction, reproduction, and maintenance.
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Six nutrients found in food:
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a. Carbohydrates B. Proteins C. Fats D. Vitamins E. Minerals F. Water
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Simple Carbohydrates
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do not take long to digest, and therefore, cause blood sugar levels to rise quickly.
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Sucrose
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table sugar
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Taste buds
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taste buds help us eat better because it stimulates our appetites for foods that offer nutrients.
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Trace-Elements
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trace-elements are needed by the body in small amounts.
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Vegetables
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an excellent source of vitamin C and vitamin A.
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Vitamin A
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helpful in maintaining good eyesight and the treatment of infection.
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Vitamin C
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linked to increased immunity and the destruction of toxic substances within the body.
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What is a "Balanced Diet"?
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A balanced diet is when all of the various food groups are consumed in the right proteins.
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unused glucose is converted to ___ is stored in muscles
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glycogen
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excess fat, whether saturated or unsaturated, is stored as
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fat
