question

Which of the following statements is true of pain?

answer

It is the symptom most likely to lead an individual to seek treatment.

question

_______ -fibers are unmyelinated nerve fibers, involved in polymodal pain, which transmit dull, aching pain.

answer

C

question

_____ pain is due to an unidentifiable physical cause.

answer

psychogenic

question

_____ is a pain control technique that completely eliminates the feeling of pain.

answer

Spinal block

question

___ is a sensory technique of inhibiting pain where a set of small electrodes is placed near the point at which the nerve fibers from the painful area enter the spinal cord. When the patient experiences pain, he or she activates a radio signal, which delivers a mild electrical stimulus to that area of the spine.

answer

spinal cord stimulation

question

Which of the following statements is true about physical pain and social pain?

answer

Social pain relies on the same pain-related neurocircuitry as physical pain.

question

Athletes who continue to play, despite being injured, experience a reduction in pain sensitivity because of increased:

answer

sympathetic arousal.

question

How does compensation provide an incentive for being in pain?

answer

By increasing the perceived severity of pain

question

According to a medical provider, pain:

answer

is a by-product of a disorder and is often considered to be unimportant.

question

Which of the following statements is true of A-delta fibres?

answer

Sensory aspects of pain are heavily determined by activity in the A-delta fibers.

question

_____ is a psychological technique for the management of pain and can be thought of as an operant learning process.

answer

Biofeedback

question

C-fibers:

answer

strongly influence the affective and motivational elements of pain.

question

One barrier to the treatment of pain is that:

answer

it is difficult for people to objectively describe pain.

question

A social support group is most likely to appeal to:

answer

Edith, a physician who is also an osteoarthritis patient

question

Which of the following focuses on the effect of chronic illness on a patient's ambitions, goals, and desires for the future?

answer

Private self

question

Unlike anxiety and denial, depression:

answer

may be a long-term reaction to chronic illness.

question

Medical measures of quality of life are:

answer

poorly correlated with patients' and relatives' assessments.

question

Adverse changes in social interactions after a diagnosis of chronic disease are more likely to be observed in:

answer

friends and acquaintances.

question

John works with patients who are emotionally and mentally disabled. He helps them regain their physical, mental, or emotional stability. Sometimes he teaches painting, weaving, or other crafts. He is a(n) _____.

answer

occupational therapist

question

_____ refers to the evaluation of whether one feels good or bad about one's personal qualities and attributes.

answer

self esteem

question

Denial is useful in helping patients to:

answer

control their emotional reaction to illness.

question

James works with patients injured in motorcycle accidents. He helps them learn to use adaptive devices in order to perform tasks and become accustomed to new ways of performing old tasks. He is a(n) _____.

answer

physical therapist

question

Stress management programs are increasingly incorporated into physical treatment regimens due to the debilitating effects of stress on:

answer

chronic diseases.

question

Functional somatic disorders are:

answer

more common in women than in men.

question

Which of the following activities is performed by physical therapists?

answer

Helping people with muscle, nerve, or bone diseases or injuries overcome their disabilities

question

As a patient's prognosis worsens, interpersonal communications often deteriorate. The reasons for this breakdown are generally due to:

answer

the belief that others do not want to talk about death.

question

Which of the following factors predicts mortality in the elderly age group?

answer

Reduced life satisfaction

question

According to Turk and Feldman (1992a, 1992b), the hospitalized terminally ill patient runs the risk of being _____ by the medical staff.

answer

undermedicated

question

Which of the following guidelines must be followed by the medical staff who work with the dying?

answer

Informing the patients of their condition and treatment

question

Which of the following factors contribute to women's lower mortality rates?

answer

They possess more biological fitness.

question

Terminally ill children:

answer

use cues from their treatment and others' responses to infer the nature of their medical condition

question

Epidemiologic studies reveal that SIDS is more likely to occur:

answer

if the mother smoked during her pregnancy.

question

According to studies of recovery from coronary heart disease, social support is:

answer

a problem for some patients if not given in a careful way.

question

_____ are the most common drugs prescribed for patients following an acute coronary event or a stroke.

answer

Statins

question

According to a study by Troxel et al. (2003), _____ are disproportionately exposed to chronic stress and are at an elevated risk for CHD

answer

African Americans

question

CPR is:

answer

cardiopulmonary resuscitation.

question

is a non-insulin-dependent diabetes.

answer

Type II diabetes:

question

"John Henryism" is a personality predisposition:

answer

that enables to actively cope with psychosocial stressors.

question

The number one killer in the United States, accounting for one out of every six deaths, is:

answer

CHD

question

Hostile people exhibit a _____ response to sympathetic activity in response to stress.

answer

weak antagonistic

question

Cynical hostility is characterized by:

answer

suspiciousness

question

According to a study of hypertension risk factors by Ewart (1991), a family environment that fosters _____ contributes to hypertension.

answer

chronic anger

question

a disease of modernization

answer

Coronary heart disease is:

question

Patients with myocardial infraction are treated in a(n) _____ unit where their cardiac functioning is continually monitored.

answer

coronary care

question

Cognitive-behavioral techniques:

answer

can be used without supervision and have no side effects.

question

Men and women in the United States face a similar chance of developing hypertension:

answer

between ages 55 and 64.

question

Which of the following best describes rheumatoid arthritis?

answer

It usually results in depression which may enhance the pain.

question

HIV primarily affects:

answer

helper T cells and macrophages.

question

_____ develops when the smooth lining of a joint, known as the articular cartilage, begins to crack or wear away because of overuse, injury, or other causes.

answer

Osteoarthritis

question

AIDS is caused by a _____.

answer

retrovirus

question

Which of the following is an early symptom of central nervous system impairment in people suffering from AIDS?

answer

Psychomotor retardation

question

_____ may mute the adverse effects of stress on the immune system.

answer

Relaxation training

question

Which of the following is a positive effect of depression?

answer

Rapid wound healing

question

Who among the following is likely to have low NK cell activity?

answer

Martha who is using avoidant coping methods to cope with the stress caused by the death of a friend

question

Which of the following best describes rheumatoid arthritis?

answer

It is an autoimmune disorder.

question

_____ levels are indicative of inflammatory activity and may increase in response to stress.

answer

Cytokine

question

Juan is very stressed about his recent divorce. He is preoccupied with his ex-wife. How is this stress likely to affect his immune system?

answer

His immune system will be less active than before.

question

In therapy that is based on _____, therapists try to focus on the specific issues faced by the cancer patient.

answer

crisis intervention format

question

Which of the following statements is true of Type I diabetes?

answer

It is characterized by an abrupt onset of symptoms.

question

Sarah was recently informed that she is affected by AIDS. She is very depressed and has isolated herself from her friends. Which of the following should she do to fight against AIDS?

answer

Practice meditation

question

Albert has been suffering from cancer for a year. The progression of the disease was faster in the first few months and later decreased gradually. Although Albert was suffering from cancer, the symptoms were more controlled in the later months. Which of the following is most likely the reason for the change in the course of the disease?

answer

He was not able to accept that he was suffering from cancer during the first few months.

question

The time between progression from HIV+ status to a diagnosis of AIDS is most strongly influenced by:

answer

socioeconomic factors.

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