Health and Wellness chapter 7-8 – Flashcards

The highest rate of drug abuse in the United States occurs among people of ages Select one: a. 12 to 17. b. 18 to 25. c. 35 to 59.

The unpleasant effects of drug withdrawal are caused by Select one: a. the body's attempt to regain homeostasis after developing a physical dependence on the drug. b. toxins released from storage sites in fatty tissues as the level of drug in the bloodstream drops. c. a kickback effect as the immune system tries to remove all traces of the drug from tissues. d. psychological dependence on the drug which causes a physical reaction.

Every day after work, Leon has a couple of drinks to help him relax even though it upsets his stomach. This illustrates that he Select one: a. loves to drink. b. is addicted to alcohol. c. has a high tolerance for alcohol. d. is psychologically dependent on alcohol.

A psychosocial incentive to smoke is the comfort smokers get from handling a cigarette, pipe, or cigar. This is called Select one: a. modeling. b. identification. c. manipulation. d. responsiveness.

Both of Ron's parents abused drugs, and he fears that he will inherit that behavior. What can you tell him about the role of heredity in substance abuse? Select one: a. Genetic factors in substance abuse are strong in men, but weaker in women because of the influence of socialization on women. b. Genetic factors have been found to play a role in the development of alcoholism, but are less conclusive for other substances. c. Genetic engineering techniques now exist that can reduce the influence of many inherited behaviors. d. Genetic engineering has identified many inherited tendencies he will be unable to change.

When does drug misuse MOST clearly cross the line into drug abuse? Select one: a. when you take a prescription drug to keep from getting sick b. when you take larger doses than the prescription calls for c. when you continue use despite negative effects on health d. when you acquire the drug without a prescription

Brad is MOST vulnerable to abusing drugs if Select one: a. his friends do it. b. he watches movies featuring it. c. his parents are strict religious fundamentalists. d. his school has no effective drug prevention program.

he cancer-causing substances in tobacco smoke are carried into the body by Select one: a. the gases. b. the particles. c. the combustion process. d. both the gases and the particles.

your fourteen-year-old son has been taught to avoid tobacco and its dangers. He then makes friends with a group of boys who all smoke. You can expect that Select one: a. your son will try smoking. b. some of the other boys will quit smoking. c. your son will soon leave that group of friends. d. your son will bring other nonsmokers into the circle of friends.

If you are a heavy smoker, why is carbon monoxide a particular risk to your brain and heart? Select one: a. It slows the activity of the lungs, on which the brain and heart are dependent. b. It diverts blood from there to the lungs and lower abdominal organs. c. Normal oxygen supply is especially critical to those organs. d. It increases blood pressure during the inhalation phase.

Cross-tolerance occurs when Select one: a. tolerance to a drug crosses the line into addiction. b. tolerance for one drug affects tolerance for another. c. the combination of two drugs drastically reduces tolerance for both. d. introduction of a new drug changes tolerance to a drug in current use.

Most of the carcinogenic compounds in cigarettes are found in Select one: a. nicotine. b. tar. c. carbon monoxide. d. nitrogen oxide.

A characteristic of the final stage of the addiction process is performing the addictive behavior in order to Select one: a. escape from reality. b. feel better about oneself. c. avoid withdrawal symptoms. d. experience its euphoric effects.

Nicotine promotes the development of cardiovascular disease primarily by Select one: a. irritating the lining of blood vessels and increasing heart rate. b. reducing the oxygen supply in blood and increasing blood pressure. c. stimulating LDL cholesterol production and promoting clots. d. increasing heart rate, increasing blood pressure, and promoting clots.

Of all the gases released by tobacco smoke, the most harmful to smokers is Select one: a. hydrogen cyanide. b. carbon monoxide. c. ammonia. d. acetone

Drugs affect the central nervous system by Select one: a. eliminating the production of neurotransmitters. b. destroying a neuron's dendrite. c. destroying the synaptic junction. d. blocking the production or forcing the continued release of neurotransmitters.

When two or more drugs are taken and the result is merely a combined total effect of each drug, the result is a(n) ________________ effect. Select one: a. synergistic b. additive c. stimulating d. antagonistic

As a parent of a fifth grader, which of the following recommendations should you attempt when trying to help your son or daughter deal with pressures to use tobacco? Select one: a. Continue to point out the harmful substances in tobacco. b. Reinforce the point that smoking is unacceptable behavior for him or her. c. Allow your son or daughter to make his or her own decisions. d. Continue to help your son or daughter learn how to say no.

Which state has the highest smoking rate in the nation? Select one: a. Utah b. Kentucky c. Arkansas d. California

Following the 1964 Surgeon General's report about smoking, the percentage of people smoking in the United States Select one: a. declined until the early 1970s. b. declined until the early 1980s. c. declined until the late 1980s. d. is still declining.

How do we know that a feeling of uncertainty, or dissonance, exists for most adults who smoke? Select one: a. States are beginning to sue tobacco companies for wrongful deaths. b. About 80 percent of smokers have tried to quit. c. Smoking is now prohibited in most public places. d. Most smokers began the habit as teenagers.

Carbon monoxide reduces the red blood cell's ability to transport oxygen by Select one: a. thinning the blood. b. displacing fluid in cells. c. destroying oxygen molecules. d. attaching itself to hemoglobin.

A gateway drug is a drug that Select one: a. often leads to the abuse of heavier drugs. b. is usually available over the counter. c. is glamorized by the media. d. cannot be addictive.

Which of the following BEST illustrates drug misuse, as opposed to drug abuse? Select one: a. taking twice the recommended dosage of an over-the-counter painkiller for a toothache b. continuing to drink heavily after a doctor has warned you that it is damaging your liver c. taking a drug to prevent withdrawal symptoms d. becoming addicted to prescription painkillers

Another word that means psychological dependency is Select one: a. addiction. b. tolerance c. habituation. d. cross-tolerance

Which of the following BEST describes a synergistic effect of two drugs taken together? The effect of the Select one: a. drugs is the sum of the effects of each. b. first drug is to make the second more potent. c. second drug is to reduce the effect of the first. d. two drugs combined is greater than the effects of each taken alone.

Of the following, the clearest example of a gateway drug influence is Select one: a. partygoers turning to hard liquor when the beer runs low. b. an alcoholic sniffing glue when he has no money for alcohol. c. LSD use branching into hallucinogenic mushrooms and cactus buttons. d. youngsters' cigarette smoking leading the way into marijuana smoking.

A lifetime, two-pack-a-day, smoking habit will shorten one's life by Select one: a. two to three years. b. seven to eight years. c. ten to twelve years. d. twelve to fifteen years.

The most effective time to begin influencing a child NOT to smoke is Select one: a. at preschool age. b. at kindergarten age. c. during grades one to three. d. during grades four to six

Which of the following is FALSE regarding use of a hookah? Select one: a. Prolonged periods of tobacco-based exposure generate nicotine levels 2.5 times higher than those associated with cigarette use. b. Infectious agents are transmitted through shared use of mouthpieces. c. The chemical composition of hookah-generated smoke is unlike cigarette smoke. d. Tobacco leaves are combined with shisha and set atop lit charcoal.