question

What provoked the red scare of 1919-1920

answer

Communist Bolshevik Revolution in 1917

question

Disillusioned by war and peace, in what ways did Americans react in the 1920s

answer

They began a nationwide crusade against left-wingers whose Americanism was suspect

question

How did businesspeople use the red scare to their advantage

answer

Used It to shut down business

question

Who was the most tenacious pursuer of radical elements during the red scare of the early 1920s

answer

Attorney general Mitchell

question

The post-World War I Ku Klux Klan advocated what things

answer

Against- foreigners, Catholics, blacks, Jews, pacifists, communists, internationalists, evolutionists, bootleggers, gambling, birth control, adultery For- Anglo-Saxon, "native" Americans, Protestants

question

The Ku Klux Klan of the 1920s was a reaction against what

answer

The diversity and modernity growing in America

question

With 5 million members at its peak in the 1920s, what was the Ku Klux Klan known for

answer

Extremist, ultraconservative uprisings against forces of diversity and modernity. Chief warning was the blazing cross

question

The Ku Klux Klan virtually collapsed in the late 1920s when what happened

answer

Decent people recoiled from terrorism; scandalous embezzling by the Klan officials

question

Immigration restrictions of the 1920s were introduced as a result of what

answer

The nativist belief that N. Euro's were superior to S. & E. Euro's (Social Darwinism)

question

Cultural pluralists like Horace Kallen and Randolph Bourne generally advocated what

answer

immigrants should be able to retain their traditional cultures rather than blend into a single American "melting pot"

question

The Immigration Act of 1924 discriminated directly against what group

answer

South and Eastern Europeans, Asians

question

What was the primary obstacle to working class solidarity and organization in America

answer

Ethnic diversity

question

During the 1920s and after, many American immigrant ethnic groups did what

answer

made communities separated from each other by language, religion, and customs

question

Enforcement of the Volstead Act met the strongest resistance from what group of people

answer

Eastern city dwellers

question

What was the religion of almost all Polish immigrants to America

answer

Roman Catholicism

question

any Polish peasants learned about America from what sources

answer

Catholic missionaries

question

The zeal of federal agents in enforcing prohibition laws against liquor smugglers strained U.S. diplomatic relations with what country

answer

Canada

question

Although speakeasies and hard liquor flourished, historians argue that prohibition wasn't entirely a failure for what reasons

answer

bank savings increased, absenteeism in the workplace decreased, people consumed less alcohol overall, more people lived a sober lifestyle

question

The most spectacular example of lawlessness and gangsterism in the 1920s was in what city

answer

Chicago

question

Besides controlling the illegal liquor industry, American gangsters in the 1920s earned rich profits from what other activities

answer

gambling, label racketeering, illegal drugs

question

Top gangster Al Capone was finally convicted and sent to prison for the crime of what

answer

Income tax evasion

question

John Dewey can rightly be called the "father" of what

answer

Progressive education

question

According to John Dewey, a teacher's primary goal is to do what

answer

Educate students for life

question

What was the immediate outcome of the 1925 Scopes Trial

answer

John Scopes was guilty of teaching evolution and fined $100

question

What happened to fundamentalist religion after the Scopes "Monkey Trial"

answer

It remained a vibrant force in American spiritual life

question

What factors helped to make the prosperity of the 1920s

answer

-rapid expansion of capital -increased productivity of workers -perfection of assembly-line production -advertising and credit buying

question

The main problem faced by American manufacturers in the 1920s involved what

answer

It involved developing expanded markets of people to buy their products

question

In response to the need to develop greater and greater mass markets for their products, American business in the 1920s relied especially on the new techniques of what

answer

New techniques of consumer advertising

question

During the 1920s, the new system of buying on credit resulted all of the following but what

answer

It did NOT lead to huge defaults on money owed. The new system caused the economy to become increasingly vulnerable, it transformed once frugal Americans into consumers of cars, radios and more, it led to the slogan of "possess today and pay tomorrow.", it stimulated economic growth, and it created massive amounts of consumer debt

question

What accompanied the prosperity that developed in the 1920s

answer

Consumer debt accompanied the prosperity in the 1920s

question

Among the major figures promoted by mass media image makers and the new sports industry in the 1920s were (John L. Sullivan and William Cody, Henry Ford and Charles Lindbergh, Babe Ruth and Jack Dempsey, Al Jolson and Margaret Sanger, or Mickey Mantle and Rocky Marciano)

answer

Babe Ruth and Jack Dempsey (most prominent

question

Henry Ford's most distinctive contribution to the automobile industry was what

answer

It was the production of a standardized and relatively inexpensive automobile

question

Frederick W. Taylor, a prominent inventor and engineer, was best known for what

answer

promotion of industrial efficiency and scientific management

question

Which industries prospered mightily with widespread use of the automobile

answer

rubber, highway construction, oil, glass (NOT aluminum)

question

What impacts did the automobile revolution have on American society

answer

the consolidation of schools, the spread of suburbs, a loss of population in less attractive states, altered youthful sexual behavior

question

In what ways did car advertisements reach out to women

answer

showing them cars were respectable for women, linking modern, independent women to automobiles, noting that cars enabled women to better fulfill their roles as household managers, demonstrating that women could indeed learn to drive

question

Charles Lindbergh's solo flight across the Atlantic made him an American hero especially because of what reason

answer

his wholesome youthfulness contrasted with the cynicism and debunking of the jazz age

question

What was the first talkie motion picture

answer

Jazz singer

question

The American airline industry in the 1920s made most of its early profits through what means

answer

subsidies from state and local governments and passenger fares

question

How was the American radio industry distinctive from radio in European nations

answer

It was a commercial business dependent on advertising

question

The 1920 census revealed that, for the first time, most Americans lived where

answer

Cities

question

Margaret Sanger was most noted for her advocacy of what

answer

Birth control

question

Describe job opportunities for women in the 1920s

answer

Tended to cluster in few low-paying fields (secretaries, teachers for middle class) (factories for lower class)

question

To justify their new sexual frankness, many Americans pointed to what

answer

Theories of Sigmund Freud

question

Jazz music was developed by what group of people

answer

African americans

question

The most influential classical film of the 1910s, D.W. Griffiths' Birth of a Nation, stirred extensive protest by African Americans because of what reason

answer

The film glorified Ku Klux Klan and portrayed blacks as corrupt politicians or rapists

question

All of the following are true of Marcus Garvey, founder of the United Negro Improvement Association, except

answer

advocated the idea of developing an elite "talented tenth" to lead African American

question

Match each literary figure below with the correct work. A. Ernest Hemingway 1. The Sun Also Rises B. F. Scott Fitzgerald 2. Main Street C. Sinclair Lewis. 3. The Sound and the Fury D. William Faulkner 4. The Great Gatsby

answer

A-1 b-4 c-2 d-3

question

What is buying stock on margin

answer

It meant buying stocks on credit with a very small down payment

question

The leading cultural critic of the 1920s, H.L. Mencken, attacked what aspects/areas of American society except

answer

Technology

question

Who were the prominent African American cultural figures of the 1920s

answer

NOT RALPH ELLISON

question

As secretary of the treasury, Andrew Mellon placed the heaviest tax burden on which group

answer

Middle income groups

question

What were Warren G. Harding's weaknesses as president

answer

He had a mediocre mind, unwillingness to hurt people's feelings by saying no, and administrative weakness

question

Match each member of President Harding's cabinet below with his major area of responsibility. A. Charles Evans Hughes 1. taxes and tariffs B. Andrew Mellon 2. naval oil reserves C. Herbert Hoover 3. naval arms limitation D. Albert Fall 4. foreign trade and trade associations E. Harry Daugherty 5. justice and law enforcement

answer

A-3, B-1, C-4, D-2, E-5

question

Which of the members of President Harding's cabinet proved to be incompetent and corrupt

answer

Albert fall

question

Describe Republican economic policies under Warren G. Harding

answer

They sought to continue the same laisezz-faire doctrine as had been the practice under McKinley

question

During the 1920s, how did the Supreme Court rule on progressive legislation

answer

Often ruled against progressive legislation

question

What group was adversely affected by the demobilization policies adopted by the federal government at the end of World War I

answer

Organized labor

question

What did the Supreme Court rule in the Adkins case

answer

It reversed its own reasoning in Muller v. Oregon, which declared women to be deserving of special protection in the workplace, and invalidated a minimum wage law for women

question

What nonbusiness group realized the most significant, lasting gains from World War I?

answer

Veterans

question

Veterans' organizations like the American Legion successfully lobbied Congress to give them what

answer

Benefits, including "adjusted compensation" to make up for the wages they had "lost" when they left their factory jobs to fight

question

One exception to President Warren G. Harding's policy of isolationism involved the Middle East, where the United States sought to do what

answer

There was a rivalry in the Middle East between Britain and America for oil drilling concessions

question

What was the primary reason that Warren G. Harding was willing to seize the initiative on the issue of international disarmament

answer

businesspeople were unwilling to help pay for a larger United States Navy

question

What did the 1928 Kellogg-Briand Pact do

answer

Outlawed war as a solution to international rivalry

question

What were the long-term effects of the Fordney-McCumber and Hawley-Smoot Tariff laws

answer

The fordney-mccumber tariff raised tariff rates and the Hawley-smoot tariff raised tariff rates, so that by 1930, the tariff rates had been substantially raised from the opening of the decade

question

The Teapot Dome scandal was centered around corrupt deals and bribes involving what

answer

Naval oil reserves

question

The major political scandal of Harding's administration resulted in the conviction and imprisonment of his secretary of what department

answer

Interior

question

Describe the attributes of President Coolidge's character

answer

characteristics of his small town New England background—thrift, honesty, and integrity

question

During Coolidge's presidency, government policy was set largely by the interests and values of what group

answer

During Coolidge's presidency, government policy was set largely by the interests and values of what group

question

After the initial shock of the Harding scandals, how did many Americans react

answer

excusing some of the wrongdoers on the grounds that "they had gotten away with it."

question

What was the major problem facing farmers in the 1920s

answer

Overproduction

question

What splits affected the Democratic party in 1924

answer

They were split between "wets" and "drys", urbanites and farmers, fundamentalists and modernists, northern liberals and southern stand-patters, immigrants and old-stock Americans

question

List the major aspects of Senator Robert La Follette's Progressive party platform

answer

It called for government ownership of railroads and relief for farmers, lashed out at monopoly and anti labor injunctions, and urged a constitutional amendment to limit the supreme court's power to invalidate laws passed by congress

question

In 1924, the Democratic party convention defeated by only one vote a resolution condemning what

answer

KKK

question

Why did the Progressive party not do well in the 1924 election

answer

They only had a presidential ticket and no candidates for the local office, it was only a shadow of the robust progressive coalition of prewar days

question

In the early 1920s, what was one glaring exception to America's general indifference to the outside world

answer

The armed interventionism in the Caribbean and Central America

question

America's European allies argued that they should not have to repay loans that the United States made to them during World War I because of what reason

answer

They held up the a "wall of flesh and bones" against the common foe until America had come into the war

question

As a result of America's insistence that its Allies' war debts be repaid in full, what did the Allies do to pay for that debt

answer

the French and British demanded enormous reparations payments from Germany

question

America's major foreign-policy problem in the 1920s was addressed by the Dawes Plan, which did what

answer

address these problems by providing a solution to the tangle of war-debt and war-reparations payments (Dawes a rich American businessman and his friends would loan Germany 200 million dollars to pay war reparations to Great Britain and France so they meaning GB and France could pay the US their war debts - smooth well sort of at least until the stock market crash).

question

What were the political liabilities Alfred E. Smith

answer

Catholic religion, support for the repeal of prohibition, big-city background, radio speaking skill except: failure to win the support of American labor

question

What was one of Herbert Hoover's chief strengths as a presidential candidate

answer

Talent for administration

question

What did Herbert Hoover bring to the presidency when he was elected in 1928

answer

combined small-town values with wide experience in modern corporate America

question

The Federal Farm Board, created by the Agricultural Marketing Act, lent money to farmers primarily to help them do what

answer

organize producers' cooperatives

question

What was the general mood in the United States just before the stock market crashed in 1929

answer

People were confident and happy

question

Describe the impact of the Great Depression on American society

answer

jobless husbands felt guilt and shame for their families' hardships. thousands of banks collapsed, taking with them people's life savings. breadlines and soup kitchens emerged to feed the hungry. thousands of people lost their homes to foreclosure. NOT people who held their jobs salaries rose slightly

question

President Herbert Hoover believed that the Great Depression could be ended by taking what actions

answer

directly assisting businesses and banks. keeping faith in the efficiency of the industrial system. continuing to rely on the American tradition of rugged individualism. lending federal funds to feed farm livestock. NOT providing direct aid to the people

question

What was President Hoover's approach to the Great Depression

answer

He tried to reconstruct finance corporations that provided loans to banks, railroad company's, etc

question

What does the term "Hoovervilles" refers to

answer

Tin and paper shantytowns

question

Hoover was criticized for his handling of the Great Depression, but some historians consider this unfair for what reasons

answer

His efforts probably prevented a more serious collapse than what did occur

question

The Reconstruction Finance Corporation, established by Hoover to deal with the depression, was charged with doing what

answer

Government lending bank, lent loans to businesses but not to individuals

question

The Bonus Expeditionary Force marched on Washington, D.C., in 1932 to demand what

answer

The immediate payment of their entire bonus

question

President Hoover's public image was severely damaged by his harsh military force against what group

answer

Bonus army

question

In response to the League of Nations' investigation into Japan's invasion and occupation of Manchuria, Americans called for what

answer

Isolation

question

What did the 1932 Stimson doctrine do

answer

Declared that U.S. wouldn't recognize any territorial acquisitions achieved by force

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