HB Chapter 3 Review – Flashcards
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All life on Earth exists in a region known as
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The biosphere
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Groups of different species that live together make up a
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Community
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Autotrophs are organisms that
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Use the energy they take in from the environment to convert inorganic molecules into complex organic molecules
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The series of steps in which a large fish eats a small fish that has eaten algae is a
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Food chain
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What is an example of a decomposer?
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Bacteria
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The total mass of living tissue at each trophic level can be shown in a
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Biomass pyramid
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Nutrients move through a system in
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Biogeochemical cycles
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In the nitrogen cycle, bacteria that live on the roots of plants
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Change nitrogen gas into ammonia in process called nitrogen fixation
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What biogeochemical cycle does not involve a stage where the chemical enters the atmosphere?
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Phosphorus cycle
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When an ecosystem is limited by a single nutrient that is either scarce or cycles slowly, this substance is called a
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Limiting nutrient
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What are the levels of organization within the biosphere, from smallest to largest?
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Individual, population, community, ecosystem, biome, biosphere
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How do scientists use modeling to study ecological changes?
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Could make charts to simplify large scale changes
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How is sunlight important to most ecosystems?
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Main power source
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Differences between autotroph and heterotroph?
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Autotroph makes its own food and heterotroph consumes autotrophs or other heterotrophs for energy
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Which group of organisms is always found at the base of the food chain or food web
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Producers
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What are three types of ecological pyramids?
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Energy pyramids, biomass pyramids, and pyramid of numbers
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Why is the transfer of energy and matter in a food chain only about 10 percent efficient?
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Organisms use 10 percent of their energy for life processes and the rest is lost as heat
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What is A biogeochemical cycle?
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Cycles which show how energy and matter move through the ecosystem
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Explain the process of nitrogen fixation
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Bacteria which live on roots of plants called legumes convert nitrogen gas into ammonia
