Harding, Coolidge, and Hoover – Flashcards
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1. What was the nickname of President Warren G. Harding's close friends which he hired that ended up being corrupt?
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Ohio Gang
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2. What saying surrounded Harding in comparison to George Washington?
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"Harding was not a bad man, he was just a slob."
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3. Who was the Pittsburgh aluminum king that Harding will appoint to Secretary of the Treasury?
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Andrew W. Mellon
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4. Who did Harding appoint as his Secretary of Commerce, because of his famed work with wartime food administration?
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Herbert Hoover
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5. These two men were the worst of Harding's appointees. One being the Secretary of the Interior and the other was his Attorney General.
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Albert B. Fall and Harry Daugherty
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6. Harding appointed what former President of the United States as SCOTUS's Chief Justice?
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William Taft
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7. With this new control of the Supreme Court what consequences will take place concerning labor laws?
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8. These laws were practically ignored during the Harding administration, which allowed corporations to once more relax and expand.
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Antitrust Laws
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9. What did the Esch-Cummins Transportation Act of 1920 do to the railroads?
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Returned railroads to private operation after WWI.
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10. This organization will be created in 1921 by Congress to look after Veterans Affairs.
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Veterans Bureau
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11. This Veterans organization was founded in Paris in 1919 by Colonel Theodore Roosevelt, Jr. to meet periodically to renew old hardships and let off steam.
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American Legion
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12. What was the chief grievance of the former "doughboys" from WWI?
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Monetary- they wanted the "dough"
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13. After many protests for payment from WWI what did Congress finally pass in 1924 to appease the former WWI Veterans?
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Bonus Act
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14. Why was the United States still technically at war with Germany and Austria-Hungary more than three years after the armistice?
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They rejected to sign the Treaty of Versailles.
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15. What area of the world will Secretary Hughes help to exploit to gain more access to oil reserves?
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16. What was the goal of the conference held in Washington DC in 1921-22?
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It was regarding the interests in the Pacific Ocean and East Asia.
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17. What will be the outcome of the Five-Power Naval Treaty of 1922?
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It limited the construction of battleships, battle cruisers, and aircraft carriers by the signatories.
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18. What did the Nine-Power Treaty of 1922 do to China?
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It affirmed China's sovereignty, independence, and territorial integrity.
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19. What diplomatic bargain between 62 nations will be made between Calvin Coolidge's Secretary of State and a French foreign minister?
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Kellogg-Briand Pact
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20. Because of the problem with imperialistic Japan, the United States will create this doctrine hoping to prevent intervention in international events? The United States would not recognize any territory taken by force.
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Responsibility to Protect
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21. What did the Fordney-McCumber Tariff Law of 1922 do to Tariff rates?
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It raised American tariffs on many imported goods to protect factories and farms.
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22. What chain reaction will the high-tariff course by the Republicans cause?
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...
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23. What scandal during the Harding administration saw Colonel Charles Forbes who was in charge of the Veterans Bureau scammed over $200 million from the administration?
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...
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24. This scandal during the Harding administration saw Albert Fall (Interior Secretary) try and lease former navy oil reserves private oil men. Fall took a $100,000 bribe for this deal and he will found guilty of taking the bribe and was sentenced to one year in jail.
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...
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25. When the oil men involved in the Teapot Dome scandal were acquitted from their charges, what cynical saying was created about trying to put rich men in prison?
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the rich get richer and the poor get prison??
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26. Who will become the successor to Warren G. Harding after his untimely death?
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Calvin Coolidge
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27. What is Coolidge's philosophy concerning big business?
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He thought that if he put money in big business it would trickle down to the middle-class.
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28. Why were the farmers frustrated under the Harding and Coolidge administrations?
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...
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29. What did the McNary-Haugen Bills of 1924 and 1928 try and do for farmers (vetoed both times by Coolidge)?
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30. What did the new Progressive party of 1924 propose for the United States in their party platform for US President?
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...
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31. What was the overwhelming issue facing post-WWI Europe?
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...
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32. What will be the plan by the United States to help with the issue in #31?
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...
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33. What are the details of the plan?
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...
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34. When Calvin Coolidge announced, "I do not choose to run" what Republican will run for President and be elected in 1928?
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Hoover
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35. What nickname was given to the Democrat who ran against the man in #34?
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Al-"coholic" Smith
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36. What was the major problem facing Hoover's policies concerning people in trouble?
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His policies were blamed for having a part in causing the Great Depression.
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37. What did the Hawley-Smoot tariff of 1930 do to tariff rates?
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Raised the other tariffs.
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38. On what famous day did the stock market crash leading to the Great Depression?
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Black Tuesday Oct. 24, 1929
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39. What are the four leading indicators of the Stock Market Crash?
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40. What are the five leading causes of the Great Depression?
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Stock Market Crash of 1929, Bank Failures, Reduction in purchasing across the board, American economic policy with Europe, and Drought Conditions.
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41. These shantytowns were constructed just outside of major cities housing some of those who had lost their homes?
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Hoovervilles
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42. How much was lost in the stock market on paper just two months after the crash?
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40 billion
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43. Hover realized that his theory of _________ _______________ was not working when he tried to get people out of the Great Depression.
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Rugged Individualism
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44. What did the Muscle Shoals Bill try and do (vetoed by Hoover)?
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Designed to build a dam in Tennessee River and sell government-produced electricity.
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45. What organization will be created by the Hoover administration to help "pump-priming" the banks by loaning money to people in the US?
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Reconstruction Finance Corporation
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46. What did the Norris-La Guardia Anti-injunction Act in 1932 do for labor?
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Outlawed "Yellow Dog Contracts".
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47. What was different about Hoover's policies after the crash versus what took place during the Panics in the late 19th Century?
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After, he would help a little by putting money in big business and thinking the money would trickle down. Before, he would tell them all to provide for themselves.
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48. What did the "Bonus Expeditionary Force" call for?
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It called for veterans to march and wait for Congress to pay them the bonus immediately.
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49. What happened to the force?
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President Hoover ordered the Army to forcibly remove the veterans.
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50. This type of policy was used by Hoover toward our Latin American neighbors?
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Good Neighbor Policy
