GLY Topic 17
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The vertical distance between a wave crest and trough is called
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Wave height
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The vast majority of tsunami are created by
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large earthquakes at subduction zone plate boundaries
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Wave frequency is usually expressed as
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wave crests/time interval
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Sometimes the first portion of a tsunami to wash ashore is the trough of the wave
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True
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The height of water behind a tsunami coming ashore rapidly declines because of the short wavelength of tsunami
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False
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The maximum speed of tsunami propagation through the deep ocean basins is closet to
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750 km/hour
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A database of 1691 models of tsunami propagation are held by this group to help forecast tsunami arrival times
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NOAA Center for Tsunami research
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The majority of all recorded tsunami occurred in this ocean bath
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Pacific
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What is the usual height of a large tsunami in the open ocean (beyond the continental shelf)?
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less than one meter
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Fortunately, most subduction zone plate boundary earthquakes are far from shorelines, allowing many hours for safe evacuation
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False
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The largest loss of life ever experienced by a tsunami was caused by the
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2004 Sumatra tsunami
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Flank collapses of these Pacific islands have created large ancient tsunami
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Hawaiian Islands
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Wave steepness is a function of wave height divided by
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Wavelength
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Tsunami generally have multiple crests but the first crest is always the highest
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False
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Tsunami speed decreases as water depth shallows
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True
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Waves transmit ____________ and not ____________ through the ocean
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energy, mass
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The deadliest known tsunami in the Mediterranean was caused by
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the volcanic eruption of Santorini
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Earthquakes with epicenters on land do not cause tsunami
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True
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The wavelength of tsunami are generally in what range
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more than 100 km
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Tsunami is of _________ derivation and means _________
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Japanese, harbor wave
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Tsunami are considered \"shallow-water\" waves because
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the entire water column moves as a tsunami passes
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Tsunami slow down so much in shallow water that almost all people can outrun them as they wash ashore
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False
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This island in the Atlantic s considered by some scientists as a threat to potentially create a large tsunami by the collapse of the island flank into the ocean
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La Palma
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There is geologic evidence that an asteroid impact once caused a tsunami in the Gulf of Mexico
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True
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The base of wave-driven waves is the depth where
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Water no longer moves in response to a passing wave
