Geo Exam 4 – Flashcards
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habitable
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About 18% of Japan is considered to be
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-Kanto plain-around metro Tokyo -Kansai district-around Osaka, kobe and Kyoto -Nobi plain- around nagoya
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What are the three regions in the core area of Japan?
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-lack of resources -old people (not enough babies)
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What are the two main reasons that Japan's future is problematic?
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40 countries and 600 mill people
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The text book says that europe is composed of _____ countries and population of _______ million people
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Between Russia and its European neighbors to the west
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Where do the textbook authors place the eastern boundary of Europe?
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-Western uplands -North European lowland -Central Upland -Alpine system
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What and where are the four physical landscape regions of Europe?
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Its relative location, at the crossroads of the land hemisphere which creates maximum efficiency for contact with much of the rest of the world
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What is the major locational advantage of europe?
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It began in Britian and spread and spread eastward onto the European mainland
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Where is the major locational advantage of Europe
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-germanic -romance -slavic
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What are the three major Indo-European branches of languages in europe?
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When the population pyramid becomes top-heavy, the number of workers whose taxes pay for the social services of the aged goes down, leading to reduced pensions and dwindling funds for health care
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Why does negative population growth pose a severe problem in Europe?
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there is a clash of very distinct, disparate cultures
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How has recent immigration created a multicultural challenge for europe?
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It is a politico-economic union of 28 member states that are located primarily in Europe.
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What is the European Union?
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Sub-national growth centers (highly industrialized regions) created by the intentional reduction of diverse effects of national boundaries
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What are the Four Motors of Europe?
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-Rhone-alpes region -Lombardy, in north central Italy -Catalonia, in northeastern Spain, anchored by Barcelona -Baden-Wurttemberg, in southwestern Germany, headquartered in stuttgart
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Where are the Four motors located?
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the transfer or delegation of power to a lower level, especially by central government to local or regional administration. Is a push force created from a pull force
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What is devolution?
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it has the world's second-largest export economy (after China)
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Why is germany the dominant country of Europe today?
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The former West Germany
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Which part of Germany has the best GDP per capita?
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Because despite having no natural harbors or waterways for oceangoing ships to travel very far inland, it has coastlines on the Mediterranean, the Atlantic Ocean and a window on the North Sea
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Why is France deemed to have a superior relative location
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dèpartements règions
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France has changed from 96 _____________ to 26 __________
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• Northern French agriculture is vigorous and varied, thanks to a wide range of soils and microclimates, as well as government subsidies and protections • Rhone-Alpes region is an economic powerhouse, driving the European economy • New high-tech industries • Is a leading producer of high-speed trains, aircraft, fiber-optic communications systems, and space-related technologies • Is a world leader in nuclear power
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Why does France have one of the most productive and diversified economies?
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Inhabited land in the Netherlands, lying behind dikes and below sea level, which was claimed from the sea when water was pumped out
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What are polders?
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A roughly triangular urban core area of the Netherlands, anchored by Amsterdam, Roterdam and the Hauge
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What is the Randstad?
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Flemish and Wallons
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What are the names of the two peoples of Belgium
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It has skillfully maximized its limited opportunities. It has deftly utilized the waters from its mountains to generate hydroelectric power in the development of highly specialized industries. Swiss farmers have perfected ways of optimizing the productivity of mountain pastures and valley soils. And the country's isolation, stability, security, and neutrality have helped it to become a global banking giant, with Zurich as its financial center.
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Why is Switzerland the leading country in Alpine Europe?
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Oregon
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The UK has a land area about the size of the state of ________
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England, Wales, Scotland, Northern Ireland
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What are the 4 sub regions of the UK?
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Up until 2007, Ireland had the highest economic growth rates of the EU and Dublin was an international business node
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Why is Ireland called a "Celtic Tiger"?
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Italy 63 million
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Which country has the largest population in this region?
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It is the Italian portion of the boundary dividing the European core from the periphery. North= wealthier South=A little bit behind
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what is the significance of the Ancona Line in Italy?
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in Italy, it is southern Europe's leading manufacturing complex, exporting appliances, instruments, automobiles, ships, and many specialized products
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What is the significance of the Milan-Turin-Genoa triangle?
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It enjoys more even pattern of rainfall distribution throughout the year, making it a productive agricultural zone
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How does the climate of the Po Basin differ from that of the remainder of the southern Europe?
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They are independent in some ways, almost like little countries because they have their own Parliaments. There is strong regionalism and devolution especially Catalonia and Galicia
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What are Autonomous Communities in Spain?
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•It is Spain's leading industrial area; 25% of exports come from this region. •It has its own distinctive language and culture •It is one of the four motors of Europe
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Why is Catalonia noteworthy?
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Along and near the Atlantic coast
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Where is most of Portugal's population concentration
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About a third
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What percent of the Greek population lives in the metropolitan Athens area?
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Cyprus lies closer to Turkey than it does to any part of Europe and for more than three centuries it was ruled by the Turkish Ottoman Empire but Greeks have lived there the longest. The British took control of it in 1878 and after World War 2, the vast majority of Greeks preferred to unionize with Greece. The British granted Cyprus independence and a civil war broke out. Then the Turkish people that lived in Cyprus took over and declared itself the Turkish Republic of Northern Cyprus but the international community recognized the government on the Greek side as legitimate. Things got even more complicated when the Greek side got admitted to the EU...basically its a mess.
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Why is Cyprus a problem area?
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It has a long volatile history so it is a zone of persistent splintering and fracturing. There is a lot of people living in the wrong country. It is caused by changing boundaries
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Why is this region referred to as a shatter belt?
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It is what is the left of former Yugoslavia. It is the largest new country in this area
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Why is Serbia the key state in this region?
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Because of the conflict between the Serbs, the Croats, and the Bosniaks in which 250,000 perished
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Why was Bosnia called the "cauldron of calmity"?
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Albania-Over 2.4 million Muslims
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Which is a majority Muslim country in Europe?
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very cold, thin soil, low fertility harsh environment
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What are characteristics causeses for Northern Europe to have a difficult environment?
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60 degrees
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At what latitude would you find the cities Oslo, Stockholm and Helsinki?
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Sweden
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Which country has the largest population and the largest territory?
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Oil and natural gas off its coast in the North Sea
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What is Norway's most important natural resource?
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Denmark
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The term "break on bulk" refers to which country?
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wood product staple agricultural crops and the manufacture of precision machinery and telecommunications equipment
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The economy of Finland has been sustained by wood and _________ exports, but today emphasizes _____________________
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Along the southwest border
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Most of the industrial development of Poland is located in which part of the country?
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Sateless gypsies, found mainly in Bulgaria, Romania, Hungary, Slovakia, and the Czech Republic, who retain nomadic lifestyle
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Who are the Roma?
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Hungary
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Magyars are the people of _______?
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A governments open support for fellow ethnic or cultural cohorts in neighboring or more distant countries
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What is irredentism?
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Bucharest, Romania
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Which city was once called the "Paris of the Balkans"
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•Its economy is weak •Incomes are low Its governmental operations have not been sufficiently upgraded from communist times •Political infighting and corruption are endemic
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What are the economic problems of Romania?
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Sofia
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Which city in the core hinterland of Bulgaria?
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West of the Dnieper River: Agrarian, rural, Roman Catholic in the southern bend of the river and eastward: Industrial, urban, Russified, Russian Orthodox
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The Dnieper River divides the Ukraine into two parts. What are some characteristics of each region?
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Russian
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What is the group comprises 17% of the population of the Ukraine?
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Moldova
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Which country is considered the poorest in Europe?
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Belarus
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What country is also called "White Russia"?
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Turkey
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Which country straddles both Europe and Asia?
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•It has virtually no natural barriers against the onslaught of Arctic air •Moscow lies farther north than Edmonton, Canada •St. Petersberg lies at the same latitude as the southern tip of Greenland •Severe cold •Drought •Low precipitation •Long, dark, cold winters and short summers
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Why does Russia have such a harsh environment?
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There is gas and oil they have nearly all resources on modern industry?
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What is the resource assessment of the Russian realm?
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14 (15 total)
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Besides the Russian SSR how many countries were part of the former Soviet Union?
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Sizable portions are home to non-Russians such as Finnish, Turkish, and Armenians
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Why is Russia describes as having a complex cultural mosaic?
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The organization of agriculture into huge, state-run enterprises. The holdings of large landowners were expropriated, private farms were taken away from their farmers, and the land was consolidated into collective farms
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What is collective agriculture?
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A grain and meat factory in which agricultural efficiency, through maximum mechanization and minimum labor requirements, would be at its peak; This system did not work, causing 30-60 million to perish through starvation, purges, exile, and forced relocation.
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What is a sovkhoz?
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A system in which state planners assigned the production of particular goods to particular locations, often disregarding the rules of economic grography
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What was the command economy in the former USSR?
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8 and 35
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Russia's former 83 political entitles are now combined into _____ new federal districts (___total)
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•Severe social dislocation has resulted in 10 million more deaths than births •The death rate has skyrocketed, due to Alcoholism, AIDS, heavy smoking, suicide, accidents, & murder •Out-migration •Many men died due to war so there are more older women. •Women are getting married but not having babies.
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Why is Russia's population shrinking?
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Ural Mountains
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The Russian Core region extends eastward to the ________
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Because Moscow is central to this region: Everything is oriented toward Morcow for 250 miles in every direction
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Why could the Central Industrial Region also be called the Moscow Region?
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Volga
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What is Russia's most important navigable river?
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The contain an enormous storehouse of metallic mineral resources
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Why are the Ural Mountains considered a natural place for industrial development?
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Natural resources (gold, diamonds, other precious minerals, iron, bauxite, other metallic ores, oil and natural gas
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How is Siberia to asset to Russia?
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Oil and gas
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What resources is found around Sakhalin Island?
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Azerbaijan
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Which is these three countries has large oil reserves?
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Armenia and Georgia
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Which two are predominately Christian in religion?
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Caucasus Mountains
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What mountain range dominates this region?
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Uzbekistan
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Turkestan Kazakhstan, Uzbekistan, Kyrgyzstan, Turkmenistan,Tajikista. Which of these countries has the largest populations?
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Islam
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What is the majority religion in these countries?
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oil and gas
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What is the most important natural resource in this region?
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Uzbekistan
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Where is the Fergana Valley?
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Finland
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Estonia is ethnically and linguistically tied to ______
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Russian
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About 25% of the Estonian population is __________
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Russian
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About 28% of the Latvian population is __________
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Russian
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About 5% of the Lithuanian population is _______
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Lithuania
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Which of these three countries has the largest population?
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Kaliningrad
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What is the name of the Russian exclave facing the Baltic Sea?
