Geo Definition Quiz – Flashcards
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Midpoint
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The point halfway between the endpoints of a segment.
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Angle bisector
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A Ray that divides an angle into 2 congruent angles.
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Adjacent Angle
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2 angles that lie on the same plane, have a common vertex, a common side, but no common interior points
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Vertical Angle
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2 nonadjacent angles formed by 2 intersecting lines
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Linear Ray
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A pair of adjacent angles whose noncommon sides are opposite rays
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Complementary Angle
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2 angles whose measures have a sum of 90 degrees.
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Supplementary Angle
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2 angles whose measures have a sum of 180 degrees.
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Perpendicular
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Lines that intersect to form right angles.
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Conjecture
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An educated guess based on known information
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Inductive Reasoning
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Examining several specific examples or situations to arrive at a conjecture.
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Counterexample
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A false example used to demonstrate that a conjecture is false.
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Conditional Statement
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Any statement that can be written in if - then form.
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Hypothesis
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The phrase immediately following the word if in a conditional statement
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Conclusion
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The phrase immediately following the then in a conditional statement.
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Converse
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A conditional statement in which the hypothesis and conclusion are interchanged
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Deductive Reasoning
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A form of reasoning in which one uses facts, rules, definitions, properties, postulates, and or theorems to reach a valid conclusion.
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Postulate
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A statement that describes a fundamental relationship between the basic terms in geometry. All postulates are statements that are accepted as true.
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Theorem
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A statement that must be proved in order to be accepted as true.
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Proof
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A logical argument in which each statement you make is supported by a statement that is accepted as true.
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Parallel line
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Coplanar lines that never intersect
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Skew Line
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Lines that do NOT intersect and are NOT coplanar.
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Transversal
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A line that intersects two or more lines in a plane at different points.
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Right Triangle
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A triangle with one right angle
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Scalene Triangle
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A triangle in which no 2 sides are congruent
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Isosceles Triangle
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A triangle in which at least 2 sides are congruent
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Included Angle
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The angle between 2 adjacent sides
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Included Side
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A side of a polygon that is between 2 adjacent angles
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Corollary
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A statement that can be easily proved using a theorem
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Remote Interior Angle
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The interior angles of a triangle that are not adjacent to a given exterior angle.
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Congruent Triangle
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Triangles that are the same size and same shape. All corresponding parts are congruent.
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Perpendicular Bisector
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A line, segment, or ray that passes through the midpoint of the side and is perpendicular to that side
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Point of Concurrency
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The point of intersection when 3 or more lines intersect at a common point
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Circumcenter
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The point of concurrency where perpendicular bisectors of a triangle meet.
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Median
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A segment whose endpoints are a vertex of a triangle and the midpoint of the side opposite the vertex.
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Incenter
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The point of concurrency of the angle bisectors of a triangle.
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Centroid
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The point of concurrency for the medians of a triangle.
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Altitude
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A segment from a vertex to the line containing the opposite side and is perpendicular to the line containing that side.
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Orthocenter
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The intersection of the altitudes of a triangle.
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Indirect Reasoning
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Reasoning in which you begin by assuming the conclusion is false and then show that this assumption leads to a contradiction of the hypothesis, or some accepted fact, definition, or theorem.
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Ratio
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A comparison of two quantities.
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Similar Polygon
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Polygons that have the same shape but may be different sizes. Their corresponding angles are congruent and the measures of their corresponding sides are proportional
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Scale Factor
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A numerical ratio that compares the lengths of corresponding sides of similar figures.
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Midsegment
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A segment in a triangle whose endpoints are the midpoints of 2 sides of the triangle.
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Trigonometry
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The study of the properties of triangles and trigonometric functions and their applications.
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Trigonometric Ratios
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A ratio of the lengths of sides of a right triangle.
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Trigonometric Identity
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An equation involving a trigonometric ratio that is true for all values of the angle measure.
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Sine
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For an acute angle of a right triangle, the ratio of the measure of the leg opposite the acute angle to the measure of the hypotenuse
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Cosine
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For an acute angle of a right triangle, the ratio of the measure of the leg adjacent to the acute angle to the measure of the hypotenuse.
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Tangent
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For an acute angle of a right triangle, the ratio of the measure of the leg opposite to the acute angle to the measure of the side adjacent to the acute angle.
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Arc
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A part of a circle that is defined by two endpoints.
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Circle
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A locus of points in a plane equidistant from a given point.
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Chord
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A segment with endpoints on a circle.
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Circumference
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The distance around a circle.
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Concentric Circles
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Circles that share the same center point but have different radii.
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Radius
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Any segment with endpoints that are the center and a point on the circle
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Major Arc
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An arc with a measure greater than 180 degrees.
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Inscribed Angle
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An angle formed by two chords in a circle which have a common endpoint.
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Central Angle
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An angle that intersects a circle in two points and has a vertex at the center of the circle.
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Minor Arc
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An arc with a measure less than 180 degrees and greater that zero.
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Semi Circle
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An arc that measures 180 degrees.
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Diameter
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A chord that passes through the center of the circle.
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Parallelogram
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A quadrilateral with parallel opposite sides
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Rectangle
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A quadrilateral with four right angles
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Rhombus
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A quadrilateral with all four sides congruent
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Trapezoid
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A quadrilateral with exactly one pair of parallel sides
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Isosceles Trapezoid
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If the legs of a trapezoid are congruent
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Transformation
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Maps an initial figure called a preimage onto a final figure called an image
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Reflection
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A transformation representing a flip of a figure
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Translation
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A transformation that moves all points of a figure the same distance in the same direction
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Rotation
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A transformation that turns every point of a preimage through specified angle and direction about a fixed point
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Isometry
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A mapping for which the original figure and its image are congruent
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Dilation
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A transformation that may change the size of a figure
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Circumscribed
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A circle contains all the vertices of the polygon
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Inscribed
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If each of a polygon's vertices lie on the circle
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Intercepted Arc
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The arc that is formed when segments intersect portions of a circle and create arcs.
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Secant
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Any line that intersects a circle in exactly two points
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Point of Tangency
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For a line that intersects a circle in only one point, the point at which they intersect
