question

The smallest unit of matter that still retains the properties of an element is:

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Atom

question

poThe charges on a proton, a neutron and an electron are:

answer

positve/neurtral/negative

question

Atoms with a negative charge are called:

answer

Anions

question

A substance consisting of two or more elements in a fixed ratio is a:

answer

compound

question

The sharing of a pair of valence electrons by two atoms is called a:

answer

convalent bond

question

The attraction of an atom for the electrons in a covalent bond is called its:

answer

electronegativity

question

The polarity of a compound is determined by:

answer

unequally shared electrons

question

The mass number of an atom is the number of:

answer

protons and neutrons

question

Moving from left to right in the periodic table, each element has a sequential addition of:

answer

electrons and neutrons

question

The orbital in the first shell of an atom is a sphere. The second shell is divided into:

answer

a sphere and three dumbells

question

In a water molecule, the oxygen atom is more electronegative, which means:

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the oxygen atom has a partial negative charge, the hydrogen has a partial positive charge

question

Substances that have no affinity to water are:

answer

hydrophobic

question

Surface tension is due directly to:

answer

cohesion

question

In a chemical equation, the starting molecules are called _______________ and the end molecules are called ____________________.

answer

reactants; products

question

The unique properities of water are due to which chemical bond:

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hydrogen

question

Water moving up into a paper towel is attributable to:

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adhesion

question

When water ionizes, it produces equal amounts of hydrogen and hydroxide ions, which can reassociate with each other. Water is thus a(n):

answer

acid and base

question

Ions dissolved in water are surrounded by:

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a hydration shell of water molecules

question

When sugar is dissolved in water, the water is the _____________________, and the sugar is the _____________________.

answer

solvent; solute

question

Earth's climate is moderated by absorbing heat in the tropics and releasing it in the higher latitudes. This is due to water's:

answer

high heat of vaporization

question

Doesn't define life

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made of chemicals

question

The smallest hierarchial level in biological studies is the _____________________, while the largest is the _____________________.

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subatomic particles; biosphere

question

The primary difference between producers and consumers is that consumers ______________________.

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need to consume food

question

Scientific names is correctly written

answer

Acropora palmata

question

Is NOT a kingdom

answer

eubacteria

question

Is NOT a domain

answer

plantae

question

Correct sequence of steps in the scientific method

answer

1. observation 2. develop a hypothesis 3. design and perform an experiment to test the hypothesis 4. analyze and interpret the data 5. share the results with other scientists

question

Most experiments require a ______________ with which to compare the results

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control group

question

Energy is defined by your text as:

answer

the ability to do work

question

The number of protons and neutrons of an element is called:

answer

atomic weight

question

_______________ have differing numbers of neutrons is their nucleus.

answer

isotopes

question

The bond where electrons are SHARED between two atoms is called:

answer

covalent

question

Ions with a positve charge are called:

answer

cations

question

The energy that matter stores due to its position or location is called:

answer

potential

question

Atoms in an ionic bond are attracted to each other because of:

answer

opposite charges

question

If an item has a mass of 10 grams, and a volumed of 2 milliliters, its density is _________ and it will ________________ when placed in water.

answer

5 g/ml; sink

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Water droplets will tend to stick to your car's windshield. This is due to what water property?

answer

adhesion

question

Carbon is an excellent molecular building block because it can form:

answer

4 bonds

question

Compounds that have the same molecular formula, but different structural formulas are called:

answer

isomers

question

The mirror image of a molecule is called:

answer

and enantiomer

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Organic compounds with hydroxyl groups are typically called:

answer

alcohols

question

The difference between a ketone and and aldehyde is that ketones are found:

answer

in the middle of a chain

question

The polarity of water is due to the electrons spending more time around the oxygen atom. This is because the element oxygen is ______________________ that hydrogen.

answer

more electronegative

question

Electronegative element:

answer

Nitrogen (N)

question

The ability of insects to walk on water is due to what property of water?

answer

surface tension

question

The bond most responsible for the properties of water is:

answer

hydrogen

question

Water will dissolve what class of molecules?

answer

polar

question

In a salt water solution: NaCl is the ___________, and water is the _____________.

answer

solute; solvent

question

Buffers are substances that can resist shifts in pH by:

answer

releasing H+ in basic solutions

question

A base is a substance that adds __________________ to a solution.

answer

OH-

question

What are the Six naturally occurring elements in the human body?

answer

carbon, hydrogen, oxygen, nitrogen, phospherous, sulfur

question

Name and describe properities of a water

answer

1*adhesion-the clinging of one substance to another 2*cohesion- the linking together of like molecules 3* high specific heat- the amount of heat that must be absorbed or lost for 1g of a substance to change its temperture by 1*C 4*heat of evaporation- the quantity of heat a liquid must absorb for 1g of it to be converted from the liquid to the gaseous state 5*efficient solvent-the dissolving agent of a solution

question

________________ consist of many similar or identical building blocks linked by covalent bonds.

answer

Polymers

question

Monomers are connected together (by removing a water molecule) to form long chains by a process called:

answer

Condensation

question

Which of the following is not a polymer?

answer

Lipids

question

The simplest and the most common monosaccharide is a six-carbon sugar called:

answer

Glucose

question

Carbohydrates are polymers formed of structural units called:

answer

Monosaccharides

question

Which of the following is a structural polysaccharide?

answer

Chitin

question

A lipid that has one or more double bonds in its fatty acid chains is said to be __________________.

answer

Unsaturated

question

Plants store energy as _______________________, animals store long-term energy as _________________________.

answer

Starch:fat

question

In phospholipids the fatty acid tails are _______________, but the phosphate group and its attachments form a ________________ head.

answer

Hydrophobic:hydrophyllic

question

Proteins are made up of polymer chains of what building block?

answer

amino acids

question

All twenty amino acids differ only in their:

answer

R groups

question

The secondary structures of a protein include both the alpha helix and the ________________.

answer

beta pleated sheets

question

Changes in the conformation of a protein that causes unfolding or unraveling is called:

answer

Denaturing

question

Nucleotides consist of a sugar, a base and __________________.

answer

a phosphate group

question

Your body can make all of the macromolecules except:

answer

sugars

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