Fundamentals of Physical Education – Flashcards
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emerged as a specialized area of study in the 1960s.
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Pedagogy
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What are the main Goal of No Child Left Behind Act?
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to have every child attain proficiency in reading and mathematics.
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What are the 4 principles of No Child Left Behind Act?
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Stronger accountability for results More freedom for states and communities Proven education methods More choices for parents
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What does NASPE stand for?
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National Standards for Physical Education
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What did NASPE do?
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Provide a framework for student learning
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includes all knowledge, skills, and learning experiences that are provided to students within the school program
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PE Curriculum
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incorporates all of the goals, objectives, content, instructional materials, and individual lessons.
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Unit of instruction
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is a specific outline of all of the objectives, tasks, and assessments that will be included for one particular lesson.
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Lesson plan
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What factors have lead to a change in PE curriculum
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Standards Teachers' philosophies of PE Geographic location School and program context Time
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What influences the focus of instruction?
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A teacher's philosophy along with program goals and objectives
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are focused, theme-based, and represent a particular philosophy.
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Curriculum models
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Movement skills and concepts in games, sports, gymnastics, and dance are the basis of this model.
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Skill-Themes Approach
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What are the 4 phases in the skill themes approach?
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Culminating Activity Skill in Contexts Combinations Basic Skill
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As skills and concepts progress through phases 1, 2, and 3, the application of the skill occurs in different content areas within games, sports, gymnastics, and dance.
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Culminating Activity
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Skills, movements, and combinations are performed in a variety of contexts
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Skill in Contexts
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once the basic skills and critical elements are mastered, other skills and movement concepts can be added.
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Combinations
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mastery and achievement of the critical elements of the skill according to the age and developmental level of the students.
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Basic Skill
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Focuses on the development of the whole student, including how students think, feel, and interact with others. Embraces students as individuals, provides them with a voice, allows them to make decisions on their own, and places less emphasis on skill development and academic achievement.
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Personal & Social Responsibility Model (PSRM)
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What are the 5 levels on the PSRM?
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Respecting the rights and feelings of others Participation and effort Self-direction Caring about and helping others Outside of the gym
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improve students' game performance by combining tactical awareness with skill execution and increase students' interest and excitement about games.
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Goal of TGM
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What are the 4 games classifications in TGfU and TGM?
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Invasion Net/wall Striking/Fielding Target
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What is the primary goal of Sport Education Model (SEM)?
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create an authentic sport experience and educate and develop students to be competent, literate, and enthusiastic sportspersons
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The main features of the model include what? (7)
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seasons, team affiliation, formal competition, record keeping, culminating event, and festivity.
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What is the goal for fitness education?
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for students to learn how to develop and execute their own physical activity programs that they can participate in and out of school.
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What is the primary role of the teacher in Adventure Education?
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Teachers act as facilitators as students collaborate and problem-solve with one another to accomplish a task.
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What are the 5 philosophical concepts in Project Adventure?
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challenge cooperation risk trust problem-solving
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What are the 3 essential teacher elements in Adventure Education?
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Experiential Learning Cycle Full Value Contract Challenge by Choice
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Occurs in the natural setting, where teachers and students have little to no control over the environment and potential hazards that may arise. Emphasis placed on skill development. Cost can be a factor for equipment.
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Outdoor Education
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Emphasizes students' development as "literate and critical consumers of sport, physical activity, and the movement culture". Learning experiences occur both in the classroom and the gymnasium.
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Cultural Studies Curriculum in Physical Activity and Sport
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What is Cultural studies goal?
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For students to be able to observe, analyze, and critique physical activity and sport issues and topics in a variety of contexts.
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Improves students' game performance by combining tactical awareness with skill execution to increase students' interest and excitement about games/sports.
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Teaching Games for Understanding/Tactical Games Model
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Students assume more responsibility for their personal and social development in physical activity settings both in and outside of school.
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Personal and Social Responsibility
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What are the 3 types of Assessment?
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Formative Summative Performance-based
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Implemented at the beginning or during a unit of instruction. Informs whether students are learning. Informs how to plan upcoming lessons for students to achieve the unit goals and objectives
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Formative
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Implemented at the end of a unit of instruction. Informs what students have learned over the course of the unit. Usually associated of equated with a grade.
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Summative
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Measures higher levels of student learning, specifically students' understanding about concepts and ability to apply knowledge.
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Performance-based
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connecting the standards, instruction, and assessment components of physical education curricular and units of instruction.
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Instructional Alighment
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Holds physical education programs and teachers accountable for student achievement.
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Assessment & Accountability
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What do effective teachers do?
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Ensure that their students are appropriately engaged in relevant activities a high percentage of the time Hold positive expectations for their students Create and maintain a classroom climate that is warm and nurturing.
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What are the 5 areas a salient teacher behavior can be divided into?
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organization, communication, instruction, motivation, and human relations.
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Formulate plans with specific objectives and tasks that minimize transition and management time. Maximize opportunities for students to practice skills. Supervise and monitor student performance and provide feedback. Assess students' progress of lesson plan objectives.
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organization behavior
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Speak clearly and project one's voice. Provide clear and precise directions, explanations, and instructions. Ask thought provoking and critical think questions to enhance students' involvement in the learning process. Use eye contact, smiles and high fives. Articulate high expectations for all students.
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communication behavior
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Learn students' interest and seek creative ways to involve students in the learning process. Use reinforcement techniques, such as checklists, contracts, and award systems. Give students a voice and provide them with choice and opportunities to be responsible.
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motivation behavior
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Listen to students and accept students for who they are. Provide students with opportunities to build their self-confidence and self-worth. Establish and maintain a rapport with all students. Have a sense of humor.
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human relations behavior
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Expertise in instructional media, technology, and physical education content. Knowledge of students' needs and backgrounds. Sequence tasks progressively based on differing students' abilities and progress towards the lesson objectives. Modify lesson plans during instruction according to students' needs and abilities.
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instruction behavior
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What is the goal of Student Perspectives?
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for students to feel a sense of ownership and empowerment in their learning experiences.
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Why are opportunities in PE, exercise science and sport increasing?
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More developed subdisciplines and the need for professionals in those areas.
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What are the most important factors influencing your choice of a career?
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Know your: strengths and abilities Personal and professional goals Work and lifestyle preferences Career requirements
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The attainment of knowledge necessary to be an educated person and that which is essential to understanding the chosen career field.
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Professional preparation
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How can you improve or increase your professional preparation?
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Education Practicums Certifications Professional Courses Personal development Related experiences Professional involvement
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provide the opportunity to obtain a broad base of knowledge. These courses are the sciences, math, languages, English, art and music. Certain number of these is required for their degree.
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Liberal Arts courses
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focus on conveying knowledge within the discipline and are designed to prepare majors for their chosen career.
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Professional Theory Courses
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may be used to pursue a special interest, to broaden you liberal arts background, and/or to enhance your marketability by complementing and strengthening your career preparation. They should be chosen carefully to help you achieve your goals.
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Elective Courses
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concentrations or areas of specialization.
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Minor Courses
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What is the benefit of doing a practicum?
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It allows students to practice the teaching skills learned in their courses and can help them solidify their career decision.
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What examples does the book give of a practicum?
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The book gives examples such as field-work or internship also student teaching.
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What are the benefits of a certification?
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You can enhance your professional credentials.
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What is the list of transferable skills?
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Speaking Writing Teaching/ Instructing Interviewing Public relations Leadership Budget management Negotiating Organizing Computer and analytical skills
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Why does the text say that related experiences are important?
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Can significantly enhance your career preparation, and also help your develop skills that are relevant to your chosen career.
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What does professional involvement involve?
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Becoming a member gives your the opportunity to attend the national conventions, where you can meet professionals, make personal contacts, and attend meetings and workshops on research findings and new techniques.
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its used to showcase their work and document their attainment of stated standards for the field. Collected over the 4 year professional preparation program.
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Portfolio
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"The art of influencing people to work together harmoniously to achieve set goals that they endorse." is critical within the field, both now and in the future
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Leadership
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means exhibiting high levels of professional competence and conduct, possessing required credentials, presenting accurate and truthful information about the programs and services provided, and exemplifying a commitment to a healthy, active lifestyle.
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Professionalism
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demonstrate an enthusiasm for their work, an interest in new developments, leadership skills, and involvement in the further advancement of the field.
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Professionals
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What are the different areas under Professionalism?
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Accountability Cultural competency Ethics Role modeling Involvement Service
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The public statements and claims professionals make about their credentials, programs, and outcomes are accurate and true.
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Accountability
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ongoing engagement in a process of respectful interaction with clients and their communities.
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Cultural competency
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Serve as guidelines for actions and aid in decision making.
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Ethics
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according to Sherrill, this is the closest synonym to professionalism.
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Service
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What are the benefits to belonging to a professional organization?
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A means for interpreting the field. Access to sources of help and assistance. Opportunity for fellowship. A forum for research. A means for distributing costs. Employment opportunities. Opportunity for service. Opportunity to shape the future. Opportunity to gain new skills and knowledge.
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Committed to developing and maintaining healthy, active lifestyles for all Americans and to enhancing professional development of members
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AAHPERD American Alliance for Health, Physical Education, Recreation and Dance
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Promote and integrate "scientific research, education, and practical applications of sports medicine and exercise science to enhance physical performance, fitness, health, and quality of life."
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ACSM American College of Sports Medicine
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To "enhance the quality of health care for athletes, and those engaged in physical activity, and to advance the profession of athletic training through education and research in the prevention, evaluation, management, and rehabilitation of injuries." Established standards for athletic trainers through its education and certification programs.
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NATA National Athletes Training Association
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was not a quest to develop a national curriculum; rather, the charge was to formulate educational goals for the nation on 'what students should know and be able to do'.
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The national standards movement
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is the focal point and the activity the medium through which instruction was delivered for students to achieve performance outcomes.
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National standards
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What are the benefits that texts lists for teaching in a school setting?
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Salary Teach diverse activities Offers job tenure Intrinsic rewards Opportunity to coach
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What are the drawbacks that texts lists for teaching in a school setting?
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Lack of financial support Inadequate facilities Discipline problems Overpopulated classes Non-subject related duties (lunch duty, etc.)
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What are the benefits that texts lists for teaching in a non school setting?
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Clients are voluntary Opportunity to specialize in an area Variety of settings
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What are the drawbacks that texts lists for teaching in a non school setting?
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Lack job security Various work hours Salary could be dependent on number of clients
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What are the 3 major task areas for teachers?
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opportunity to learn incorporation of meaningful content appropriate instruction.
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Help students develop health-related fitness, physical competence, and cognitive understanding of the many different facets of physical activity. Focus on meeting the developmental needs of students and developing the skills, knowledge, and attitudes essential to adopting a healthy and physically active lifestyle
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High Quality Programs (NASPE)
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What is the sufficient instruction time for elementary level and middle/high school level?
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150 Minutes/week 225 Minutes/week
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Explaining or performing a skill, or strategy, and evaluating students' performances.
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Instructional Tasks (related directly to teaching)
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Taking attendance, dealing with discipline problems, supervising the locker room, handling equipment.
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Managerial Tasks (related to the administration of class)
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Hall duty, lunch room supervision, attend curriculum and department meetings, conduct parent-teacher conferences.
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Institutional Tasks (related to the setting in which teaching occurs)
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The different teaching careers for school settings
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PreK-12 (Public or private) Higher education -basic instruction -professional preparation Adapted physical education
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The different teaching careers for non-school settings.
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Clubs Community organizations Centers for the elderly Resorts Military
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What are the benefits of coaching?
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Intrinsic rewards Excitement of winning Respect Satisfaction of giving one's best Help athletes learn
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What are the drawbacks of coaching?
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Long hours Salaries vary greatly High turnover rate Pressure to win Role conflict Burnout
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What are some Coaching Certification Programs that the text provides?
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American Sport Education Program (ASEP) National Youth Sport Coaches Association (NYSCA) Program for Athletic Coaches Education (PACE)
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Training in coaching the young athlete, coaching principles, sports first aid, drugs and sport, and teaching sport skills.
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American Sport Education Program (ASEP)
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Overwhelming exhaustion, feelings of cynicism and detachment from the job, and a sense of ineffectiveness and lack of accomplishment.
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Burnout
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What are some causes the text gives for burnouts?
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Lack of administrative and community support Lack of input Inadequate salaries for large teaching loads Large classes, discipline problems Absence of opportunities for professional and personal growth Teacher-coach role conflict Professional and personal problem interaction
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How would you prevent a burnout?
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Provide meaningful in-service programs Increased feedback about performance by administration Participation in professional organizations Revitalize oneself on time off with hobbies or non-work related activities Maintain good health
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What are the additional responsibilities that coaches have over teachers?
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Coaches represent organizations (school) also have to sometime council athletes.
