Fredrick Douglass – Flashcards

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question
What is suggested by Frederick not knowing his birthday? How do slaves keep track of time?
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He is a slave. Planting time, harvest time, cherry time, spring time, fall time.
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Who is Fredrick's father
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A white man. Fredrick doesn't know who he is. Rumored to have been his first master.
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Harriet Bailey
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Fredrick's mom. Dark skinned. Was a field hand. Dead.
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Anthony
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Fredrick's 1st master
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Aunt Hester - what happened when she was in the company of Lloyd's Ned?
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She was tied to a stool and whipped.
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Colonel Lloyd - how many slaves does he own?
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300-400
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Captain Thomas Auld and Lucretia Auld
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Daughter and son in law of Colonel Lloyd.
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Describe the provisions given to slaves (p. 10-11)
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AAA
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Mr. Severe
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Overseer. Sweared a lot. Cruel man. Died.
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Mr. Hopkins
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Mr. Severe's replacement. Good overseer.
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The Great Farm House - find two CDs that describe why it was so "esteemed" to go there
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pg. 8 and pg. 7
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slave songs - describe the misunderstanding
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people think they're songs of celebration and happiness, but they're sung when slaves are sad and are in a time of weakness
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Describe Col. Lloyd's garden. Was it a popular place? What kinds of things grew there? And what clever strategy did Col. Lloyd use to try to keep his slaves from stealing fruit? Was it successful?
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Very popular. Had any fruit you can imagine. Tar fence (covered in tar = thief). Worked very well.
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Who were old Barney and young Barney? What work did they do for Col. Lloyd and how did he treat them? Look up the word "arbitrary" in the dictionary and then describe how that word might apply to how the colonel treated old and young Barney.
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Father and son slaves. Attended to the establishment (make sure it always looks acceptable) and take care of the horses. Whipped when didn't need to be and not whipped when needed to be. Colonel Lloyd whipped them just because he could.
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How many slaves does Frederick Douglass estimate that Col. Lloyd owned? How many of them were employed on the home plantation (see chapter 2) and how many on the master's other farms and plantations?
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1000. 300-400. 10-15.
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Near the end of chapter 3, Frederick Douglass says that Col. Lloyd's slaves had a clever saying: "a still tongue makes a wise head." Explain what you think this saying means using an incident about a meeting between an unfortunate slave and Col. Lloyd that FD also relates in this chapter.
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The young man ran his mouth and told the truth about what he thought about his master [Colonel Lloyd] and got sold to another place away from his family and friends. This saying means that keeping your mouth shut or having a still tongue means you're wise, for the less you talk the safer you are.
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At the beginning of Chapter 4, we are introduced to Col. Lloyd's new overseer, a man by the name of Mr. Austin Gore. Describe Mr. Gore briefly, and then relate that description to the following saying, described by FD as characteristic of the way that slaveholders look at the world: "It is better that a dozen slaves should suffer under the lash, than that the overseer should be convicted, in the presence of slaves, of having been at fault."
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very selfish. does things if he thinks it's right whether it really is right or wrong. If he makes a mistake he doesn't care, he still punishes other people. Being proven wrong is "weak" in his mind. He'd rather punish 12 slaves for something they didn't do than be proved wrong.
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To whom was the term "unmanageable" applied by Mr. Gore later on in chapter 4? What had he done to earn that characterization? And how did Mr. Gore react to his behavior?
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Demby. He refused to obey mr. gore. mr. gore shot him.
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In general, what was the status of killing a slave in Talbot County, Maryland during the time that Frederick Douglass was a slave there? Was it considered a crime? Give a couple of examples to support your answer. Do you think that the same might have been true in other parts of the slaveholding South as well. Why or why not?
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killing a person of color or a slave wasn't a crime. Thomas Lanman and the wife of Giles Hick. Probably because why should it be one way in one area and another in a different place?
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In attempting to describe the dehumanizing effects of slavery, F.D. several times uses images taken from the animal world. To what aspect of their lives is he referring when he says that the slave children on Col. Lloyd's plantation are treated just "like so many pigs?"
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when the children are fed. they put the food out in a trough and they have to get down and eat it with their hands.
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Before leaving Col. Lloyd's plantation for Baltimore, Frederick tells us that he spends the best part of 3 days scrubbing himself in a creek and that, for the first time in his life, he "was working ... with the hope of reward." What was the reward that Frederick hoped to gain?
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get all the gross skin off so he looked presentable and could maybe fit in in baltimore.
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With whom was Frederick going to live in Baltimore? How many members were in the family, and what were their names? (HINT: the answers to these questions are NOT all on the same page.)
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Mr. Hugh Auld (brother to old master's son in law). 3. Hugh, sophia, and thomas.
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4. When Frederick's master in Baltimore discovers that Frederick is being taught to read and write, he claims that such learning will produce a child "of no value to his master," because he will be.... (Fill in the specific adjective that belongs in this blank.) REVIEW: What other slave was described using this word earlier in the book? And what happened to him?
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unmanageable. Demby...he was shot.
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In general, does Frederick seem to think that being a slave in Baltimore is better or worse than being a slave on Col. Lloyd's plantation? - Find and mark at least 2 CDs.
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yes.
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On his arrival in Baltimore, Frederick encounters something that he "had never seen before; it was a white face beaming with the most kindly emotions; it was the face of my new mistress, Sophia Auld." And he later describes her as "a woman of the kindest heart and finest feelings." To what does Frederick attribute the fact that Sophia is unlike any of the other white women in his experience? Does she remain that way throughout Frederick's stay in Baltimore? If not, in what way(s) does she change, and how does Frederick explain what happens? Do you find Frederick's explanation to be reasonable? - support your answer with CDs that refer to F.D.'s earlier experience of white women within the slave culture of rural Maryland.
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she has never had a slave before him. she becomes angry and harsh. Fredrick compares her to a demon.
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In chapter 6, Frederick says: "In learning to read, I owe almost as much to the bitter opposition of my master, as to the kindly aid of my mistress." Using CDs, explain what Frederick means here.
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pg. 20 and pg. 20
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FINAL UNDERLINING QUESTION. In chapter 6, Frederick associates reading with the pathway from what to what?
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slavery to freedom.
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After she decided that he ought not to read, nothing made Frederick's mistress in Baltimore angrier than to see him with a
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newspaper
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During this period of Frederick's life, who were his teachers? And how did he "pay" them for their lessons?
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the poor white boys. bread.
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Fill in the blanks in this quote: "I would at times feel that learning to read had
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been a curse rather than a blessing
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Because he feels what he says in the quote in number 3, Frederick envies his "fellow-slaves" for what? And wishes that he were either
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their stupidity. beast
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VOCAB. What is the meaning of the term "abolitionist?" Note: Frederick puzzles over the meaning of this word in chapter 7 (underline the relevant quote) and never really gives a clear answer to the question - you need to use a dictionary or some other reference to help him out.
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a person who favors the abolition of a practice or institution, especially capital punishment or (formerly) slavery.
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Why is Frederick suspicious of the two Irishmen he meets unloading a boat at one of the Baltimore docks? As a result of his conversation with them, what does he decides to do?
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they think it's sad that he's a slave for life and Fredrick thinks they're trying to trick him because the white men sometimes do that. he plans to one day run away.
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About 3 1/2 years after first going to Baltimore, Frederick is forced to return to the plantation where he was born. Why?
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old master died. he had no will. Fredrick had to go back to be divided up amongst the rest of his property.
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What was the relationship between Frederick's grandmother and his original master? What happened to her following the death of Master Andrew? In addition to a general answer, indicate at least two sentences where Frederick uses figurative language (language that appeals to one of the five senses) to create a powerful impression of her suffering.
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she served him from youth to old age. the strangers built her a little hut in the woods for her and left her to die. pg. 29
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With what rhetorical question does Frederick end his discussion of his grandmother's fate?
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"will not a righteous God visit for these things?"
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When he returns from Baltimore the second time at the end of chapter 8, what is Frederick's one regret?
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he didn't follow through on his plan to run away
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Look back at your answer to number 1 in the first section of this assignment. Why do you think that Frederick's mistress was so concerned about him reading this kind of publication?
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because it had the news in it and any possible breakthroughs on slavery and she didn't want him knowing. it had people's opinions of slavery and she didn't want him to know them.
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Find the ladder image employed by Frederick Douglass in chapter 7 of his autobiography. How does he make use of it? And do you find that that use positive or negative in its tone?
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he wants to mention the names of the people, but if others read the book that wouldn't be okay. I hear a negative tone because it upsets him that he can't give credit to the little boys who deserve it.
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Describe the process of "valuation" which Frederick was forced to undergo following the death of Captain Anthony. Why do you think that Frederick says of that process: "At this moment, I saw more clearly than ever the brutalizing effects of slavery upon both slave and slaveholder?"
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they look you up and down to examine your "age" and your looks. Fredrick felt as though he could see more clearly because he was surrounded by hundreds of other slaves and he got to see the hardships that each of them had gone through just by looking at them.
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1. What basic rule of slaveholding does Frederick's Master Thomas Auld routinely violate?
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no matter how coarse the food, only let there be enough of it.
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Indicate at least 4 adjectives that F.D. uses to describe Captain Auld. What does Frederick see as the source of his inability to manage slaves effectively? Do the slaves he owns respect him? Support your final answer with a particular CD.
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mean, cruel, cowherd, rigid. fource, fear, fraud. no. pg. 32.
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VOCAB. F.D. says of Master Thomas after he has "found" religion: "I indulged a faint hope that his conversion would lead him to emancipate his slaves." What does the word "emancipate" mean?
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to set free, especially from legal, social, or political restrictions
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What was the purpose of Mr. Wilson's Sabbath school? What happened to it?
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for any slaves that wanted to learn the new testament. it got shut down.
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Find the biblical quote that Master Thomas uses to justify his repeated beating of the lame kitchen slave Henny? What does Frederick think is the real reason for his master's cruelty?
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pg. 33. he has slaves to "take care of them".
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Edward Covey is a relatively poor small farmer (he owns a single slave). Yet he is easily able to "rent" slaves from wealthy slaveholders to work his own fields. What is it about his reputation that makes this so easy for him?
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he has a reputation of breaking young slaves. makes it easier for him to get land.
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What is it about Mr. Covey that makes it so easy for him to know exactly how much work a slave can do?
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he did the work too. he was hardworking.
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8. What nickname do Covey's field hands have for him? How or why did he get it?
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the snake. he liked to sneak up on the slaves while working.
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Who was Caroline and how did Mr. Covey "use" her?
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a slave mr. covey hired to make more slaves (breeder)
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What effect did Frederick's first 6 months with Mr. Covey have on the young slave? You should be able to indicate some of the specific and very powerful language that Frederick uses to describe his situation.
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they "tamed" him. pg. 38.
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Who or what were "freedom's swift-winged angels?"
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all the sail boats that Fredrick sees in the ocean.
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Does Frederick Douglass seem to think that religion has a positive or a negative effect on slaveholders? Please support your answer with specific examples from his description of his life with Master Thomas Auld. Is there any religious figure in this section of the book toward which Frederick seems sympathetic? What about Frederick's own religious position - does he believe in God? (Again, support your answer with a specific CD.)
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fredrick thinks it has a negative effect on slaveholders. pg. 32. no. Fredrick is in a place where he thinks God might be there, but he doesn't necessarily believe/trust that he's there. pg. 38.
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When Frederick refuses Covey's order to strip for a whipping following the incident with the oxen and the broken gate, he is merely attacked and beaten, not killed, as Demby had been earlier by the overseer Mr. Gore. What do you think accounts for the different outcome in Frederick's case? Why was he not simply killed by Covey as Demby had been by Mr. Gore?
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he was at a place where slaves are supposed to be shaped into better slaves.
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During his reflections on the image of freedom suggested by the ships he watches on Chesapeake Bay, Frederick thinks "I had as well be killed running as die standing." In your opinion, what idea is he trying to get across in this quote? Do you think he has a memory of anyone in particular in mind?
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he is trying to say that no matter what he does, he's in a bad situation. He's saying I'd rather be killed standing up for what I believe in then dying of old age and too much from not doing anything. Demby.
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If Frederick Douglass was born in 1818, about how old was be when he had his final confrontation with Mr. Covey?
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15.
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How does Mr. Covey react to the sight of Frederick passed out on the ground of the treading yard, where he and some other slaves have been fanning wheat (separating the grain from the stalks)?
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he comes over and tells Fredrick to get up and when he doesn't he kicks him and continues to do so.
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After realizing that Mr. Covey has "left [him] to his fate," what does Frederick resolve to do?
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file a complaint to his master.
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About how long does it take Frederick to walk the roughly seven miles from Mr. Covey's farm to his master's store in St. Michael's? To think about -- Does this seem to you like a long or a short time? Why?
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five hours. I think it's a really long time because it was probably a miserable five hours.
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Even though Mr. Covey seems to have seriously damaged a piece of his property, whose side does Frederick's master take in the dispute with Mr. Covey? — Indicate at least 3 specific things that Frederick's master says or does to support your answer.
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Mr. Covey's. pg. 41.
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What does the slave Sandy Jenkins convince Frederick to do as a way of avoiding the wrath of Mr. Covey? Does Sandy's strategy seem to work? What is Frederick's final evaluation of this strategy — with what particular word does he describe it?
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get a piece of root from the woods and carry it with him on his right side 24/7. yes. a virtue.
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During the climactic fight with Mr. Covey, how does the slave Hughes react to Covey's plea for help in tying Frederick up? What happens to him? How is the slave Bill's reaction to the situation different?
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Hughes rushes to Mr. Covey's side. He gets beaten by fredrick. Bill just leaves the two to fight it out and doesn't help mr. covey
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Slaves in Frederick's experience are traditionally given the week between Christmas and New Year's as a holiday. Indicate one or two sentences where Frederick gives us his evaluation of this practice. To think about — Why does he feel the way he does?
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pg. 44. it lets the slave breathe and makes them feel safe.
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To whom is Frederick "rented out" following his year in the employ of Mr. Covey? List at least three particular ways in which Frederick's new master was different from Mr. Covey?
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Mr. William Freeland. not rich. didn't care about religion. didn't listen to other people.
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When Frederick complains to his master following his beating in the treading yard, his master describes Mr. Covey as a "good man." What do you think he means by this?
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When Fredrick complains to his master following his beating in the treading yard, and his master describes Mr. Covey as a "good man" I think he means because of what he is doing. Mr. Covey is not just a regular master; he has the reputation of "breaking slaves" or helping make slaves more obedient and better slaves.
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Frederick describes his final fight with Mr. Covey as "the turning point in my life as a slave." What does he mean by this? And by the assertion that "however long I might remain a slave in form, the day had passed when I could be a slave in fact?" -- This is one of the most important things that Frederick says in the whole book. How is it related to his earlier decision that "I had as well be killed running as die standing?'
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It brought back everything about himself that he had ever lost being a slave, and it made him want to be free even more. It made him feel bold and brave and like he could do anything. It relates to the quote because it reminds fredrick that it is time he stands up for what he believes in and leave because he would rather be killed standing up for himself than die doing nothing.
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At the beginning of his second year with Mr. Freeland, Frederick decides to act at last upon some particular desire. How does he describe that desire while making a pun on his current master's name?
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he wanted to live on free land as well as with freeland.
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Does Frederick decide to act out his plan on his own? If so, why? If not, with whom does he share his plot?
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No, he shares his idea with henry, john, and the others.
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Indicate at least three specific obstacles or dangers that Frederick and his companions imagine that they will face if they attempt to flee to freedom.
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They could get caught, they could die from the dangers out there, they could get lost.
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What is their final plan? And how does it relate to Frederick's earlier admiration for "freedom's swift winged angels?"
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They would get a canoe and on Saturday before Easter paddle up the Chesapeake Bay. When there they would turn the canoe and follow the guidance of the north star till they got beyond the limits of Maryland. They're using the "freedom's swift winged angels" to escape.
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How does the knowledge of reading and writing that Frederick has gained aid him and his companions in preparing to execute their plan?
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Fredrick used his knowledge of writing to forge passes from their masters so that if they were caught, they could make it look like they weren't running away.
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What is Frederick's emotional state on the night before the day they had decided upon for their escape? What "indescribable" fear does he reveal to Sandy early on the following morning?
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Fredrick felt like someone knew about their plan. He tells Sandy that he has a fear that someone betrayed him.
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During the scuffle with the slave Henry, what does Frederick do with his forged pass? What happens (later) to the other passes?
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He threw his pass into the fire. Later the other passes were eaten.
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After their capture by the constables, how does Master Freeland' s mother address Frederick? And why does she use that particular term?
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She calls him the yellow devil because he was the one that put the idea into everyone's heads.
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As they are led off to jail in Easton, what is the "expectation" that Frederick and his companions have as to their eventual fate?
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they're going to get separated.
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After the end of the Easter holiday, what happens to Charles, Henry, and the two Johns? Why does Frederick suspect that he has been treated differently?
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Charles and the two Johns get sent home but Fredrick doesn't. He things he doesn't and that he gets treated differently because he was the "leader" of the whole plan
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In Frederick's own life, release from the Easton jail brings a very surprising turn of events. What is it?
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Fredrick gets sent back to Baltimore to live with Hugh Auld.
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After his return to Baltimore, Frederick is hired out to a shipbuilder "to learn how to caulk." What is it exactly that he is being trained to do? — you'll probably need a dictionary to help with this one.
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fixing the gaps and seams in boats
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While Frederick is an employee at Mr. Gardner's shipyard, the white ships' carpenters go on strike. Why?
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They're protesting against the free black carpenters that Gardner hired.
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How does the strike affect Frederick, despite the fact that he is not a carpenter?
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It got mr. gardner thinking and it could prove a point for any other black working slave in the area.
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After Frederick moves from the employment of Mr. Gardner to that of Mr. Walter Price, he quickly becomes a master caulker. How much money does he earn in this job? And what happens to it?
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six to seven dollars. he gives it to mr. gardner.
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Fill in the blanks: In order "to make a _______________ slave, it is necessary to make a __________________one."
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contented...thoughtless
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Who do you think is responsible for betraying Frederick's plan to escape with his companions at Mr. Freeland's? What kind of evidence can you use to support your opinion? And what does your answer tell us about the conditions of life under slavery?
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I think Sandy is responsible for this because when he tells Sandy everything suddenly becomes suspicious. This shows that under pressure a slave could crack no matter how loyal they seem.
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