Forensic Odontology – Flashcards
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Odontology
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The science dealing with the teeth, their structure, development, and their diseases
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Forensic Odontology
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-forensic medicine that deals with teeth and marks left by teeth (identifying criminal or remains of deceased person) -proper handling, examination and evaluation of dental evidence, which will be presented for the intent of justice -commonly called Forensic dentistry- dentists who specialize
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Forensic Odontology
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-application of dentistry to human identification -the identification based on dentition, common in cases of unrecognizable bodies and mass disasters -analyze and compare bite mark evidence
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Training
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-dental training -licensed dentist -special classes and seminars -Forensic Odontology certification from American Academy of Forensic Science -participate in approx 25 cases before being board certified
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History of F.O.
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-dentition identification dates back to 66 AD -Agrippina identified rivals, Lollia, decapitated head by a distinctive discolored front tooth
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Paul Revere - First Forensic Dentist
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-Revere identified friends body (Warren) who was burried for 10 months by a false tooth he put in with specific wiring.
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John White Webster Case
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-first murder conviction based on dental evidence in 1850 -dentist recognized denture that were made for the victim
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Doyle vs State (Texas 1954)
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-First published account w/ conviction based on bite marks -bite mark was on a piece of cheese left at crime scene
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Roll of Forensic Odontology
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-Victim Identification -Mass Disasters -Bite mark evidence -Child Abuse -Civil litigation (personal injury, malpractice, dental fraud)
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Dental Identification
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-comparison of missing persons dental records, models,and xrays w/ the dental evidence from unknown remains. Known as one of the most reliable mean of positive identification.
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Dental Charts & X-Rays
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-premortem x-rays and dental charts are marked for any major construction -features are also marked on postmortem x-rays and charts -comparisons of the 2 are done for identification
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Bite Marks
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-bite marks can be used to identify perpetrators -photographic study and image enhancement w/ comparative study may exclude or positively a suspect -most often seen in rape, murder, child abuse, spousal abuse
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Types of Bite Marks
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-Bruise or Rub -Sucking (hicky) -Laceration -Avulsion of Tissue -Single Tooth Imprint
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Problems of Bite Mark Analysis
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-skin factors -distortion -variability of biting force, movement -reproduction of patterns -uniqueness of dentition
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Class Patterns of Tooth Types
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-Incisors- rectangles -Canines- Single or dual triangles, diamonds, with some variations -Molars- Rarely leave marks, but when reflect the shape of marking area
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ABFO #2 Photomacrographic Scale
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-standard bite mark measurement and photograpjy
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Locations of bite marks
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-Sexual Assault; Females=breast, nipples, thighs, butt, and pubis males=back, shoulders, butt and penis -Defense woulds; forearms, hands
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Time of Death
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-antemortem bite marks create a great deal of bruising -agonal or perimortem bite marks create a bruising pattern that is well defined -postmortem bite marks have well defined dentition but no bruising
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Diagnostic Casts
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-accurate replication of the atomic form of the maxillary or mandibular dental arch showing the relationships of teeth and surrounding tissues -a supplement to the oral examination, but can reveal more
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Nomenclature
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-Primary (deciduous)-20 teeth(8incisors, 4 canines, 8 molars) -Permanent (adult)- 32 teeth -Maxillary (upper) -Mandibular (lower)
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Surfaces
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-Facial - outside (visible) -buccal- cheek (posterior) -labial- lips (anterior) -Lingual- inside (tongue/palate) -Mesial- front (midline) -Distal- back of mouth -Occlusal- top/chewing (posterior) -Incisal- anterior
