First Aid Text 1 – Flashcards
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Act of Omission vs. Act of Comission
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Omission: failure to do what is needed Commission: Do to much, end up harming victim even more
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First aid is the difference between
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life and death
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Who needs first aid?
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Anyone who is hurt or in danger
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Expressed consent vs. Implied Consent
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Expressed: victim is choking and uses universal sign for choking Implied: Victim is unconscious and obviously needs medical attention
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What Level of care is a first aider expected to give?
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Basic medical attention, anything they have been certified in as well
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Good Samaritan laws
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Laws that give first aiders against lawsuits if acting with good intentions and do not cause further injuries or commission
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What should a first aider do if a victim refuses first aid treatment?
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Call a cop (they can help without consent)
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Vital link between EMS and victim
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Bystanders
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Steps a bystander needs to take during an emergency
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Recognize emergency, call 911
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Some reasons why some bystanders choose not to help in an emergency situation
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Lack of knowledge, Confusion, Characteristics of the emergency are too much for them to handle
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When should you call 911 and what info should you give them?
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As soon as you believe there is an emergency call 911 -speak clearly and loudly -Give victim's location, phone # you are calling from, what happened, how many need help, victim's condition, your name and victim's name
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What should a rescuer look for during the scene-size up?
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-possible hazards -cause of illness or injury -# of victims/ people involved
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List the different types of personal protective equipment
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-exam gloves -mouth-to-barrier devices -other personal protective equipment
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What is best method of personal protection against bloodborne pathogens
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-Gloves
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Stages of grieving
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1. Denial 2. Anger 3. Bargaining 4. Depression 5. Acceptance
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What are the three body systems that include the most important and sensitive organs?
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Nervous, Respiratory, Circulatory
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If oxygen supply is cut off from the body, how long will it take before death occurs?
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4-6 mins
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What happens when the diaphragm contracts? Relaxes?
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contracts: draws air into lungs, increases chest capacity relaxes: expels air out of lungs, decreases chest capacity
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average rates of breathing
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Adult: 12-20 BpM Children: 15-30 BpM Infant: 25-50 BpM
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Be familiar with the major arteries throughout the body
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Carotid Femoral Radial Brachial Posterior Tibial Dorsalis Pedi
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Know the difference between Red Blood Cells and White Blood Cells
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RBC: Carry Oxygen throughout the body and CO2 out of the body WBC: Immune cells that fight off foreign objects in bloodstream
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How many bones are in the adult body
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206
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Clavicle, Humerus, Femur, Patella, Fibula, Tibia
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Where dey at doe?
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3 different kinds of muscles
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Skeletal, cardiac, smooth
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What is the leading cause of nonfatal injuries?
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Unintentional falls
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What is the leading cause of death?
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Heart disease
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Know the normal heart rates of adults, children, and infants
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adults: 60-100 children:80-100 infants: 120-140
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Be familiar with the different joints of the body
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Cranium, shoulder, hands, knees, ankles, wrists, elbows, feet
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Definition of First Aid
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The immediate care given to an injured or suddenly ill person
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Definition of consent
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permission to give first aid to a victim
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Definition of expressed consent
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any signal that intends consent, for instance if a victim is choking there is the universal choking sign
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Definition of implied consent
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any situation where a victim is unconscious or clearly in a possibly fatal state, consent is implied
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Definition of abandonment
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once responding to a victim, you cannot leave until ems shows up or another first aider
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Definition of negligence
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failure to follow accepted standards of care
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Definition of Breach of Duty
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omission - failure to do commission - do too much causing more injury or harm
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PTSD
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Possible result of a stressful event that can lead to be psychologically overwhelming. Includes depression and flashbacks
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Infectious Disease
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growth and spread of germs
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Communicable Disease
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disease that can spread from one to another
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Bloodborne Disease
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Disease that spreads by the touch of blood
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Airborne Disease
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Disease that can spread through the air to others
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Respiration
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Inhalation and exhalation
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Inhalation
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air flowing into the body
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Exhalation
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air flowing out of the body
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Ventilation
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mechanical process by alternating increasing/decreasing of chest
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Pharynx
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passageway for food
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Trachea
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passageway for air
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Epiglottis
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small flap of tissue separating pharynx and trachea
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Esophagus
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tube leading food to the stomach
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Larynx
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voice box
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Alveoli
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air sacs, smallest bronchioles
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Cyanosis
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Condition of turning blue
