Home Page Science Medicine Emergency Medicine Applying Direct Pressure First Aid Final Exam Review Chapter 1-23 - Flashcards

First Aid Final Exam Review Chapter 1-23 – Flashcards

Robert May

7 July 2022

question

An embedded object in the eye should be removed from the body to care for the wound.

answer

false

question

A technique used to minimize movement of the head and neck is called-

answer

Manual stabilization

question

A victim has an impaled object in the cheek that is bleeding. You should remove the object to care for the bleeding.

answer

true

question

You control bleeding for a scalp wound that may have an underlying skull fracture by-

answer

Applying direct pressure around the wound

question

Citizen responders are generally able to determine the exact extent of damage in head, neck and back injuries so that they can tell EMS personnel about the injury.

answer

false

question

If a victim with a suspected head, neck or spine injury becomes nauseous or starts to vomit you should -

answer

maintain manual stabilization while you roll them onto their side

question

After you control a nose bleed, it is important to ask the victim to blow his nose to remove excess blood from the nostrils that may drain into the throat causing the victim to choke.

answer

false

question

You should apply direct pressure, to control bleeding, to the following -

answer

a scraped knee

question

You are playing ball and someone on the other team gets hit in the head with a baseball bat. The victim is conscious, but you notice blood coming from his right ear canal. You should treat this injury by-

answer

covering the ear lightly with a sterile dressing and calling 911 or the local emergency number

question

You come upon the scene of an accident and suspect that a passenger has a head, neck or back injury. You notice that the victim is face-down, lying motionless. How would you begin to care for this victim's life-threatening emergency?

answer

roll the victim onto his or her back but avoid twisting the head, neck or back and then check for signs of life

question

The correct order of the three basic steps you should take in handling an emergency with an adult victim are:

answer

check the scene and victim, call 911 or the local emergency number, then care for the victim

question

Which of the following is the most important reason for checking the scene before approaching to help a victim?

answer

you might become a victim yourself if the scene is unsafe

question

Checking the scene lets you do all of the following except-

answer

caring for the victim(s) injuries

question

One situation that would require an immediate call to 9-1-1 or the local emergency number is-

answer

a victim who is unconscious

question

You should consider a person who is unconscious to have an immediate life-threatening condition.

answer

true

question

Which of the following situations require you to CALL before you CARE (Call First)?

answer

an unconscious adult victim or child age 12 or older

question

You must obtain the consent of a victim before you give care by-

answer

telling the victim who you are, your level of training and what you would like to do

question

Start care for shock as soon as you notice the signals.

answer

false

question

What is the best and often most comfortable position for a victim experiencing shock?

answer

have the victim lie down

question

Always care for fractured bones before you care for bleeding.

answer

false

question

You are caring for a person who is in shock. The person tells you he or she is very thirsty. You should give the person-

answer

nothing to drink or eat

question

You should elevate the legs of a person in shock to-

answer

elevating legs is not recommended

question

A victim you are helping is conscious and alert but is complaining of a severe headache, pain in his or her abdomen and nausea. You observe that the person's lips and mouth are very red and swollen. You suspect that the victim might have been exposed to a poison. What first question might you ask the victim to help confirm your suspicion?

answer

what have you recently had to eat or drink?

question

You suspect that a victim might have ingested a poison. You should-

answer

call the poison control center, 911 or the local emergency

question

Initial care for a person affected by an absorbed poison is to-

answer

rinse the area thoroughly with large amounts of water

question

All of the following factors might influence the severity of a poisoning except-

answer

the time of day the victim was poisoned

question

A victim of an ingested poison should be encouraged to vomit-

answer

only if advised to do so by Poison Control Center (PCC) or EMS personnel

question

The most important action you can take for a person who has inhaled a poison is to-

answer

get the victim to fresh air , then call 911 or the local emergency number

question

A victim who is holding one side of the chest and who has trouble breathing might have a possible-

answer

rib fracture

question

You suspect that a victim has a fractured rib. Which of the following is not appropriate care for this injury -

answer

ask the victim to take short shallow breaths to reduce movement of the rib cage

question

You suspect that a person has a closed abdominal injury. You have already called 9-1-1 or the local emergency number, positioned the victim on his or her back (assuming no head, neck or back injury) and have taken other steps to minimize shock. What other care might you give this victim?

answer

bend the victim's knees slightly, if this does not cause additional pain

question

Which of the following is not a care step for a victim who has an open abdominal wound with an abdominal organ protruding through the wound.

answer

apply a clean, dry dressing loosely over the wound to prevent infection

question

You approach the scene of a vehicle accident. The driver of one vehicle appears to have been thrown violently against the steering wheel of the car. You suspect that the driver might have a closed chest wound. Which of the following is not a signal the victim might have-

answer

profuse sweating

question

A young boy was playing baseball when he was hit in the stomach by a line drive. He has severe pain and tenderness in the abdomen, and you observe that his abdominal muscles are rigid. The boy also appears weak and complains of being thirsty. What injury do you suspect?

answer

closed abdominal wound

question

Which type of sudden illness may have signals that include weakness on one side of the body and pupils of unequal size?

answer

stroke or TIA

question

Someone you know has fainted. The victim recovers quickly and is not complaining of any other injuries or signals. What further care might you give?

answer

take the victim or have someone else take the victim, to a physician or emergency department for further evaluation

question

What would you do for an unconscious person who may be experiencing a diabetic emergency?

answer

call 911 or the local emergency number immediately

question

It is important to call 9-1-1 or the local emergency number for any person with a stroke because-

answer

many new treatments for stroke are time-sensitive and should be done immediately

question

The mnemonic think FAST is used to quickly recognize stroke signals; FAST stands for:

answer

face, arm, speech, time

question

An aura may be experienced before a person-

answer

has a seizure

question

A conscious person with a diabetic emergency is often treated with sweet food or fluids. The food or fluids correct _____.

answer

hypoglycemia

question

Which of the following is not a general guideline of basic care for sudden illness.

answer

place the victim on their side in HAINES position

question

An easy way to tell if a victim is conscious and shows signs of life is to-

answer

ask the victim a question

question

It is important to ask a bystander simple questions about what happened and the victim's condition because-

answer

the victim may be unable to describe these things

question

An adult is conscious and breathing normally. Your head-to-toe examination reveals only a small bruise on the victim's forehead. As you continue talking to the victim, you notice that he or she becomes increasingly confused and disoriented. You should-

answer

immediately call EMS personnel, as this victim might be developing a life-threatening condition

question

Under what conditions should you Call before you CARE?

answer

a witnessed sudden collapse of a child

question

You are alone and must care for a victim of a drowning-

answer

care for the victim for 2 minutes and then call 911

question

Which should you see if you are giving rescue breaths correctly?

answer

the victim's chest rise and fall with each breath

question

A victim whose heart has stopped beating will also have stopped breathing.

answer

true

question

What should you do if a person vomits while giving rescue breaths?

answer

roll the victim onto one side as a unit and clear the mouth

question

The Check step in Check-Call-Care is a check for safety and a check for-

answer

consciousness

question

A child requires CPR:

answer

if there is no breathing after you check the child's ABCs

question

What are the differences between child rescue breaths and infant rescue breaths?

answer

for an infant, make a complete seal over the infant's mouth and nose

question

How many rescue breaths do you give an infant who is not breathing-

answer

2 breath after you open the airway

question

The rate for rescue breaths is-

answer

about 1 second to make the chest clearly rise

question

How many rescue breaths should you initially give an adult who has no signs of life?

answer

2 rescue breaths, about 1/2 sec each 2 rescue breaths, about 1 sec each as many as you feel the person needs ***none***

question

A conscious victim who has a heartbeat and signs of life can have a life-threatening emergency.

answer

true

question

Check to see if a victim is unconscious by-

answer

tapping the victim and asking "are you okay?"

question

You are alone with an unconscious victim. You must leave the victim to call 9-1-1 or the local emergency number. What you should do before leaving the victim.

answer

place the victim in HAINES position

question

Open an unconscious victim's airway by-

answer

pushing down on the forehead with one hand while using the other hand to pull up on the bony part of the jaw, lifting the chin

question

How far should you tilt an infant's head back when performing rescue breaths?

answer

only far enough for the breaths to go in

question

A victim who is unconscious and lying on his or her back could stop breathing if his or her-

answer

tongue falls to the back of his or her throat

question

If a victim has a complete airway obstruction, which body system would fail first?

answer

respiratory

question

If the respiratory system fails, which other body systems will eventually fail?

answer

all body systems

question

Injuries to the musculoskeletal system may result in life-threatening damage to the circulatory and respiratory systems.

answer

true

question

Which body system regulates all other body systems through a network of nerves?

answer

the nervous system

question

On a hot day, the skin of some people appears red. Which two body systems act together to make this happen?

answer

integumentary and circulatory

question

You have assisted in the delivery of a baby. After you have cleaned out the nose and mouth, the baby is still not crying. What would you do?

answer

stimulate the baby to cry by gently flicking the soles of its feet

question

Why is it important to question a pregnant woman who is in labor?

answer

to find out if anyone has called 911 or the local emergency number, to asses labor and to prepare for delivery if necessary

question

What precaution should you take in applying an insect repellent containing DEET to children?

answer

do not apply repellent to the children's hand

question

For a snakebite, you should keep the victim ___________ and the heart _____ the affected part.

answer

still, above

question

Which of the following is a signal of a mild reaction to a bite or sting?

answer

redness around the entry site

question

Which of the following would you not do for a venomous snakebite?

answer

apply ice suction the wound apply a tourniquet cut the wound ***all of the above***

question

Why is it important to ask a victim of an insect sting if he or she has had any prior reactions to insect stings?

answer

if the victim has had a prior reaction, the current string may result in anaphylaxis, call 911 or the local emergency number

question

A wound from an animal bite is bleeding heavily. How would you care for this wound?

answer

control the bleeding, then seek medical care to have the wound cleaned

question

When a victim has an embedded object, you should control severe bleeding by-

answer

bandaging dressings around the object

question

How would you cool a person whose face was burned by hot steam?

answer

use wet towels or sheets to cool the affected area

question

A chemical burn to the eye should be cared for by-

answer

start flushing the eye with clean running water, activate EMS and continue to flush until EMS arrives

question

A student was playing a sport in gym class. She forgot, however, to remove a pair of large hoop earrings she was wearing. During the game, an earring was caught in another player's finger and the girl suffered a completely avulsed earlobe. How would you care for the avulsed lobe?

answer

wrap the earlobe in a clean dressing, place it in a plastic bag and keep it on ice

question

Why is it important not to move a victim from the scene unless there is immediate danger?

answer

moving a victim can lead to further injury

question

The first thing you should do when interviewing a victim is-

answer

introduce yourself and gain the victim's consent

question

You come upon the scene of an accident and you see one person obviously injured with a cut on the forehead. What precautions against disease transmission would you take when caring for the injured person?

answer

wear disposable gloves to avoid contact with body substances, such as blood, saliva and vomit

question

Which two emergency moves may be used for an unconscious victim?

answer

pack-strap carry and clothes drag

question

Which emergency move is most appropriate for moving a victim with a head, neck or back injury?

answer

clothes drag

question

Which one of the following is a limitation to moving one or more victims quickly and safely?

answer

the size of the victim(s)

question

Where is a good location in which to place a child up to two years of age to check for any signals of illness or injury?

answer

in a parent's or guardian's lap or arms

question

When interacting with an injured child, you should-

answer

speak slowly and distinctly

question

Why is it important to question a family member, if present, while caring for an elderly victim?

answer

because you need to determine if any signals you are seeing are part of a previous injury or condition the victim may have

question

The best way to begin your check of a conscious child is-

answer

starting at the toes

question

Which of the following should you remove when checking a conscious victim's ABCs?

answer

walking canes or other physical supports eyeglasses hearing aids musculoskeletal braces *****none of the above

question

You are walking past a construction site on a hot day when you notice one of the workers staggering about. The man is sweating profusely and tells you that he feels weak and dizzy. What might be this person's problem?

answer

heat exhaustion

question

Which statement best describes the difference between heat stroke and heat exhaustion?

answer

heat stroke is life threatening;heat exhaustion in early stages can usually be reversed

question

The best way to care for frostbite is by rubbing the area of the body you think might be affected.

answer

false

question

Certain people are at greater risk for heat- and/or cold-related illnesses. Which of the following is not at an increased risk?

answer

the victim has pre-existing health problems victim takes diuretics victim is not properly hydrated victim is not wearing appropriate clothing for the climate ****all of the above ****

question

Hypothermia can occur when body temperature drops below-

answer

95 F

question

A victim suffering from hypothermia needs to be rewarmed, but not too quickly. Why?

answer

rapid rewarming can cause dangerous heart rhythms

question

Heat exhaustion can usually be reversed by having the victim __________.

answer

moving the victim into a cooler environment removing wet clothing applying cool, wet cloths ***** all of the above*****

question

After tying a splint on an injured arm, you find that the victim's fingers are turning blue and are cool to the touch. What should you do?

answer

loosen the splint to allow for circulation

question

Care for a open wound with an underlying fracture includes-

answer

apply pressure around the open wound to control the bleeding

question

A person who has fallen is sitting on the ground complaining of pain in the lower left leg. Someone else has already called 9-1-1 or the local emergency number. How could you help care for this person while waiting for EMS personnel to arrive?

answer

have the victim rest in the most comfortable position

question

A victim who has an injured femur is likely to exhibit signals of shock because-

answer

a fractured femur can result in serious bleeding

question

Which is the proper order for applying a rigid splint to an injured wrist after you have controlled any bleeding?

answer

Check the fingers for feeling , warmth and color. Pad the split; apply the split; secure the splint , put the arm in a sling, secure the arm, check the fingers for feeling, warmth and color

question

If needed, rescue breaths can be started while the victim is still in the water.

answer

true

question

How do you minimize head movement when performing a head splint on a person face-down at the surface of the water?

answer

use the victim's own arms to stabilize the head

question

Which method is best used for a person with a suspected head, neck or back injury who is face-up in the water?

answer

head splint

question

You must completely dry the victim before applying an AED.

answer

false

question

You are at a local lake and notice an adult diving off a platform in the shallow water. The man dives in but does not come back out. As you approach the scene, you see that the man is in the water, face-down. Several bystanders are present, but no one has acted. What is the first action you take to help the man?

answer

Check to see if a life guard or other trained professional is present before touching or moving the man

question

If needed, CPR can be started while the victim is still in the water.

answer

false

question

The most effective action you can take to minimize disease transmission when caring for a victim with external bleeding is to-

answer

wear disposable gloves while giving care

question

You suspect that a victim is bleeding inside his or her abdomen. 9-1-1 has already been called. What else can you do to care for this victim before EMS personnel arrive?

answer

minimize chance of shock

question

You are caring for a victim who is bleeding from a wound on one arm. You have applied direct pressure to the wound, and placed a pressure bandage on the wound. Unfortunately, the bleeding continues and the pressure bandage is now soaked with blood. What should you do?

answer

apply an additional pressure bandage to absorb the blood

question

You find an adult victim who requires CPR but is also bleeding severely. CPR takes priority over severe bleeding care.

answer

false

question

Identify the correct order of steps when caring for a victim with severe bleeding.

answer

apply gloves followed by direct pressure and a pressure bandage over the wound

question

Minor internal bleeding can be cared for by-

answer

applying an ice pack to the injured area to help reduce pain and swelling

question

Your text defines a delayed-help situation as one in which emergency assistance is-

answer

delayed for more than 30 minutes

question

When help is delayed and you are caring for a victim, you should be sure to recheck the victim's condition-

answer

every 15 minutes for conditions that are not life threatening

question

When in a delayed-care situation and caring for a victim with a head, neck or back injury, it is best to-

answer

Stay where you are and wait for rescue personnel to arrive

question

Several factors that you should consider when deciding whether to move a victim yourself include-

answer

the amount of assistance you have the distance to be traveled and the extent of the victim's injuries

question

If medical care is more than 2 hours away you might want to give care for shock by giving a fully conscious adult victim-

answer

about half a cup of cool water or clear juice to sip slowly over a 20-minutes

question

In a delayed-help situation you should perform a head-to-toe exam on an unconscious victim.

answer

true

question

Which is a factor to consider when caring for a victim of substance abuse or misuse?

answer

the victim might become aggressive or uncooperative

question

You should care for victims of substance abuse or misuse using the same general principles recommended for victims of-

answer

poisoning

question

Once you have recognized that an emergency exists and you decide to act, which is the most important action you can perform as a citizen responder?

answer

call 911 or local emergency number

question

You are caring for the victim of an accident when the victim suddenly becomes uncooperative and threatens to hurt you. What should you do?

answer

withdraw and wait for EMS personnel to arrive

question

You pass by the scene of a car accident and notice that there appears to be another citizen responder at the scene. As a bystander, not a first responder, what action could you take?

answer

offer to call 911 or the local emergency number or direct EMS personnel to the scene

question

The citizen responders first step in an emergency is-

answer

recognizing that an emergency exists

question

A child is eating a piece of candy and appears to start choking on it. You determine that the child is, indeed, choking. What should you do?

answer

perform cycles of 5 back blows and 5 abdominal thrusts until the candy is dislodged or the child becomes unconscious

question

While giving back blows and chest thrusts to a conscious victim with an airway obstruction, it is acceptable to perform a finger sweep if you see the object in the victim's mouth.

answer

false

question

A friend comes into your office and you notice that he looks a little pale and sweaty. Your friend sits down and starts to tell you that he does not feel well. You also notice his voice is abnormal and he appears to be wheezing. What would you do for your friend?

answer

help him rest in a comfortable position

question

You are unable to properly place your hands to give abdominal thrusts to a conscious adult who is choking because the victim is obese or pregnant. What do you do?

answer

give 5 chest thrusts

question

If a choking victim is unable to cough, speak or breathe-

answer

ask the victim to lean forward allowing you to administer 5 back blows

question

Which of the following is the correct order of care for an unconscious adult with an obstructed airway.

answer

perform 30 chest compressions, open mouth, perform a finger sweep if you see the object, give 2 rescue breaths

question

Where do you position the head of a conscious infant who you have determined is choking?

answer

so that the infant's head is lower than his or her chest

question

What should you do for a person who appears to be choking but can cough forcefully or is wheezing?

answer

stay with the person and encourage the person to continue coughing/breathing

question

How can you best care for a person in respiratory distress until EMS personnel arrive at the scene?

answer

assist the victim in taking any prescribed medication he or she might have for his or her medical condition, if necessary, and try to keep the victim calm

question

When giving care to an unconscious infant, you attempt to give 2 rescue breaths but the breaths do not go in.

answer

re-tilt the head and give another rescue breath

question

When giving care to a conscious choking victim, he or she may become unconscious if the object is not removed. If this happens you should call 9-1-1 and then-

answer

open the victim's mouth and look for an object removing it if you see it

question

When would you stop performing modified CPR on a child or infant?

answer

when the rescue breaths cause the chest to clearly rise

question

You should apply ice or a cold pack to all suspected musculoskeletal injuries except when-

answer

doing so would require you to put pressure on an open fracture

question

Which of the following would tend to suggest a serious musculoskeletal injury?

answer

the loss of circulation or sensation in an extremity

question

You suspect that Mary has seriously sprained her knee. To care for Mary, you decide to apply a splint to her leg. The splint should-

answer

include the bones above and below the knee

question

In general, you should elevate a suspected musculoskeletal injury above the level of the heart. You should not elevate an injury when-

answer

you suspect a fracture or dislocated unless it has been immobilized

question

You should move or straighten a limb before applying a splint, since leaving a broken limb in an unusual position can cause the victim additional pain.

answer

false

question

Do not use a mobile phone or radio within 6 feet of the AED.

answer

true

question

You are walking down the street when a young boy collapses in front of you. You come to his aid and discover that he shows no signs of breathing. What should you do?

answer

ask a bystander to call 911 while you start CPR

question

A victim who is in cardiac arrest will -

answer

show no signs of breathing

question

You are performing CPR on an adult victim when you notice that the person shows signs of breathing. How should you continue to care for the victim?

answer

check to see if the victim is breathing normally and, if so monitor the victims airway and breathing

question

Each minute that CPR and defibrillation are delayed reduces a victims chance of survival by-

answer

10%

question

A person tells you that he is experiencing severe pain in his chest. You think that he might be having a heart attack, but want to rule out angina pectoris or some other cause (such as an upset stomach, gas or muscular strain). What other information might help you decide?

answer

ask the victim if he has a history of heart disease ask the victim what they recently had to eat or drink ask the victim what he was doing when the pain started ****all of the above****

question

The cycle of compressions to breaths in CPR for an adult victim is-

answer

30 compressions for every 2 breaths

question

If your hands are correctly postitioned for CPR, you should feel the notch at the end of the sternum.

answer

false

question

You are on the side of a road performing CPR on an adult victim of a car accident. You suddenly notice that there is gasoline accumulating on the road near you and the victim and that the car has started to smoke. If you stop CPR to move the victim, the victim might die. If you do not move the victim, the gasoline might catch fire, threatening both you and the victim. What should you do?

answer

use the clothes drag to pull the victim to a safer location

question

CPR performed on an adult should include chest compressions done at the rate of-

answer

about 100 per minute

question

You find an unconscious child who shows no signs of breathing. Unfortunately, you are alone. What should you do?

answer

perform 2 minutes of care, then call 911 or the local emergency number

question

You must check a victim's pulse before you start CPR.

answer

false

question

You think that a person might be having a heart attack. The first thing you should do is-

answer

have the person stop what he or she is doing and rest comfortably

1 of

Unlock all answers in this set

Unlock answers

question

An embedded object in the eye should be removed from the body to care for the wound.

answer

false

question

A technique used to minimize movement of the head and neck is called-

answer

Manual stabilization

question

A victim has an impaled object in the cheek that is bleeding. You should remove the object to care for the bleeding.

answer

true

question

You control bleeding for a scalp wound that may have an underlying skull fracture by-

answer

Applying direct pressure around the wound

question

Citizen responders are generally able to determine the exact extent of damage in head, neck and back injuries so that they can tell EMS personnel about the injury.

answer

false

question

If a victim with a suspected head, neck or spine injury becomes nauseous or starts to vomit you should -

answer

maintain manual stabilization while you roll them onto their side

question

After you control a nose bleed, it is important to ask the victim to blow his nose to remove excess blood from the nostrils that may drain into the throat causing the victim to choke.

answer

false

question

You should apply direct pressure, to control bleeding, to the following -

answer

a scraped knee

question

answer

covering the ear lightly with a sterile dressing and calling 911 or the local emergency number

question

answer

roll the victim onto his or her back but avoid twisting the head, neck or back and then check for signs of life

question

The correct order of the three basic steps you should take in handling an emergency with an adult victim are:

answer

check the scene and victim, call 911 or the local emergency number, then care for the victim

question

Which of the following is the most important reason for checking the scene before approaching to help a victim?

answer

you might become a victim yourself if the scene is unsafe

question

Checking the scene lets you do all of the following except-

answer

caring for the victim(s) injuries

question

One situation that would require an immediate call to 9-1-1 or the local emergency number is-

answer

a victim who is unconscious

question

You should consider a person who is unconscious to have an immediate life-threatening condition.

answer

true

question

Which of the following situations require you to CALL before you CARE (Call First)?

answer

an unconscious adult victim or child age 12 or older

question

You must obtain the consent of a victim before you give care by-

answer

telling the victim who you are, your level of training and what you would like to do

question

Start care for shock as soon as you notice the signals.

answer

false

question

What is the best and often most comfortable position for a victim experiencing shock?

answer

have the victim lie down

question

Always care for fractured bones before you care for bleeding.

answer

false

question

You are caring for a person who is in shock. The person tells you he or she is very thirsty. You should give the person-

answer

nothing to drink or eat

question

You should elevate the legs of a person in shock to-

answer

elevating legs is not recommended

question

answer

what have you recently had to eat or drink?

question

You suspect that a victim might have ingested a poison. You should-

answer

call the poison control center, 911 or the local emergency

question

Initial care for a person affected by an absorbed poison is to-

answer

rinse the area thoroughly with large amounts of water

question

All of the following factors might influence the severity of a poisoning except-

answer

the time of day the victim was poisoned

question

A victim of an ingested poison should be encouraged to vomit-

answer

only if advised to do so by Poison Control Center (PCC) or EMS personnel

question

The most important action you can take for a person who has inhaled a poison is to-

answer

get the victim to fresh air , then call 911 or the local emergency number

question

A victim who is holding one side of the chest and who has trouble breathing might have a possible-

answer

rib fracture

question

You suspect that a victim has a fractured rib. Which of the following is not appropriate care for this injury -

answer

ask the victim to take short shallow breaths to reduce movement of the rib cage

question

answer

bend the victim's knees slightly, if this does not cause additional pain

question

Which of the following is not a care step for a victim who has an open abdominal wound with an abdominal organ protruding through the wound.

answer

apply a clean, dry dressing loosely over the wound to prevent infection

question

answer

profuse sweating

question

answer

closed abdominal wound

question

Which type of sudden illness may have signals that include weakness on one side of the body and pupils of unequal size?

answer

stroke or TIA

question

Someone you know has fainted. The victim recovers quickly and is not complaining of any other injuries or signals. What further care might you give?

answer

take the victim or have someone else take the victim, to a physician or emergency department for further evaluation

question

What would you do for an unconscious person who may be experiencing a diabetic emergency?

answer

call 911 or the local emergency number immediately

question

It is important to call 9-1-1 or the local emergency number for any person with a stroke because-

answer

many new treatments for stroke are time-sensitive and should be done immediately

question

The mnemonic think FAST is used to quickly recognize stroke signals; FAST stands for:

answer

face, arm, speech, time

question

An aura may be experienced before a person-

answer

has a seizure

question

A conscious person with a diabetic emergency is often treated with sweet food or fluids. The food or fluids correct _____.

answer

hypoglycemia

question

Which of the following is not a general guideline of basic care for sudden illness.

answer

place the victim on their side in HAINES position

question

An easy way to tell if a victim is conscious and shows signs of life is to-

answer

ask the victim a question

question

It is important to ask a bystander simple questions about what happened and the victim's condition because-

answer

the victim may be unable to describe these things

question

answer

immediately call EMS personnel, as this victim might be developing a life-threatening condition

question

Under what conditions should you Call before you CARE?

answer

a witnessed sudden collapse of a child

question

You are alone and must care for a victim of a drowning-

answer

care for the victim for 2 minutes and then call 911

question

Which should you see if you are giving rescue breaths correctly?

answer

the victim's chest rise and fall with each breath

question

A victim whose heart has stopped beating will also have stopped breathing.

answer

true

question

What should you do if a person vomits while giving rescue breaths?

answer

roll the victim onto one side as a unit and clear the mouth

question

The Check step in Check-Call-Care is a check for safety and a check for-

answer

consciousness

question

A child requires CPR:

answer

if there is no breathing after you check the child's ABCs

question

What are the differences between child rescue breaths and infant rescue breaths?

answer

for an infant, make a complete seal over the infant's mouth and nose

question

How many rescue breaths do you give an infant who is not breathing-

answer

2 breath after you open the airway

question

The rate for rescue breaths is-

answer

about 1 second to make the chest clearly rise

question

How many rescue breaths should you initially give an adult who has no signs of life?

answer

2 rescue breaths, about 1/2 sec each 2 rescue breaths, about 1 sec each as many as you feel the person needs ***none***

question

A conscious victim who has a heartbeat and signs of life can have a life-threatening emergency.

answer

true

question

Check to see if a victim is unconscious by-

answer

tapping the victim and asking "are you okay?"

question

You are alone with an unconscious victim. You must leave the victim to call 9-1-1 or the local emergency number. What you should do before leaving the victim.

answer

place the victim in HAINES position

question

Open an unconscious victim's airway by-

answer

pushing down on the forehead with one hand while using the other hand to pull up on the bony part of the jaw, lifting the chin

question

How far should you tilt an infant's head back when performing rescue breaths?

answer

only far enough for the breaths to go in

question

A victim who is unconscious and lying on his or her back could stop breathing if his or her-

answer

tongue falls to the back of his or her throat

question

If a victim has a complete airway obstruction, which body system would fail first?

answer

respiratory

question

If the respiratory system fails, which other body systems will eventually fail?

answer

all body systems

question

Injuries to the musculoskeletal system may result in life-threatening damage to the circulatory and respiratory systems.

answer

true

question

Which body system regulates all other body systems through a network of nerves?

answer

the nervous system

question

On a hot day, the skin of some people appears red. Which two body systems act together to make this happen?

answer

integumentary and circulatory

question

You have assisted in the delivery of a baby. After you have cleaned out the nose and mouth, the baby is still not crying. What would you do?

answer

stimulate the baby to cry by gently flicking the soles of its feet

question

Why is it important to question a pregnant woman who is in labor?

answer

to find out if anyone has called 911 or the local emergency number, to asses labor and to prepare for delivery if necessary

question

What precaution should you take in applying an insect repellent containing DEET to children?

answer

do not apply repellent to the children's hand

question

For a snakebite, you should keep the victim ___________ and the heart _____ the affected part.

answer

still, above

question

Which of the following is a signal of a mild reaction to a bite or sting?

answer

redness around the entry site

question

Which of the following would you not do for a venomous snakebite?

answer

apply ice suction the wound apply a tourniquet cut the wound ***all of the above***

question

Why is it important to ask a victim of an insect sting if he or she has had any prior reactions to insect stings?

answer

if the victim has had a prior reaction, the current string may result in anaphylaxis, call 911 or the local emergency number

question

A wound from an animal bite is bleeding heavily. How would you care for this wound?

answer

control the bleeding, then seek medical care to have the wound cleaned

question

When a victim has an embedded object, you should control severe bleeding by-

answer

bandaging dressings around the object

question

How would you cool a person whose face was burned by hot steam?

answer

use wet towels or sheets to cool the affected area

question

A chemical burn to the eye should be cared for by-

answer

start flushing the eye with clean running water, activate EMS and continue to flush until EMS arrives

question

answer

wrap the earlobe in a clean dressing, place it in a plastic bag and keep it on ice

question

Why is it important not to move a victim from the scene unless there is immediate danger?

answer

moving a victim can lead to further injury

question

The first thing you should do when interviewing a victim is-

answer

introduce yourself and gain the victim's consent

question

answer

wear disposable gloves to avoid contact with body substances, such as blood, saliva and vomit

question

Which two emergency moves may be used for an unconscious victim?

answer

pack-strap carry and clothes drag

question

Which emergency move is most appropriate for moving a victim with a head, neck or back injury?

answer

clothes drag

question

Which one of the following is a limitation to moving one or more victims quickly and safely?

answer

the size of the victim(s)

question

Where is a good location in which to place a child up to two years of age to check for any signals of illness or injury?

answer

in a parent's or guardian's lap or arms

question

When interacting with an injured child, you should-

answer

speak slowly and distinctly

question

Why is it important to question a family member, if present, while caring for an elderly victim?

answer

because you need to determine if any signals you are seeing are part of a previous injury or condition the victim may have

question

The best way to begin your check of a conscious child is-

answer

starting at the toes

question

Which of the following should you remove when checking a conscious victim's ABCs?

answer

walking canes or other physical supports eyeglasses hearing aids musculoskeletal braces *****none of the above

question

answer

heat exhaustion

question

Which statement best describes the difference between heat stroke and heat exhaustion?

answer

heat stroke is life threatening;heat exhaustion in early stages can usually be reversed

question

The best way to care for frostbite is by rubbing the area of the body you think might be affected.

answer

false

question

Certain people are at greater risk for heat- and/or cold-related illnesses. Which of the following is not at an increased risk?

answer

the victim has pre-existing health problems victim takes diuretics victim is not properly hydrated victim is not wearing appropriate clothing for the climate ****all of the above ****

question

Hypothermia can occur when body temperature drops below-

answer

95 F

question

A victim suffering from hypothermia needs to be rewarmed, but not too quickly. Why?

answer

rapid rewarming can cause dangerous heart rhythms

question

Heat exhaustion can usually be reversed by having the victim __________.

answer

moving the victim into a cooler environment removing wet clothing applying cool, wet cloths ***** all of the above*****

question

After tying a splint on an injured arm, you find that the victim's fingers are turning blue and are cool to the touch. What should you do?

answer

loosen the splint to allow for circulation

question

Care for a open wound with an underlying fracture includes-

answer

apply pressure around the open wound to control the bleeding

question

answer

have the victim rest in the most comfortable position

question

A victim who has an injured femur is likely to exhibit signals of shock because-

answer

a fractured femur can result in serious bleeding

question

Which is the proper order for applying a rigid splint to an injured wrist after you have controlled any bleeding?

answer

Check the fingers for feeling , warmth and color. Pad the split; apply the split; secure the splint , put the arm in a sling, secure the arm, check the fingers for feeling, warmth and color

question

If needed, rescue breaths can be started while the victim is still in the water.

answer

true

question

How do you minimize head movement when performing a head splint on a person face-down at the surface of the water?

answer

use the victim's own arms to stabilize the head

question

Which method is best used for a person with a suspected head, neck or back injury who is face-up in the water?

answer

head splint

question

You must completely dry the victim before applying an AED.

answer

false

question

answer

Check to see if a life guard or other trained professional is present before touching or moving the man

question

If needed, CPR can be started while the victim is still in the water.

answer

false

question

The most effective action you can take to minimize disease transmission when caring for a victim with external bleeding is to-

answer

wear disposable gloves while giving care

question

You suspect that a victim is bleeding inside his or her abdomen. 9-1-1 has already been called. What else can you do to care for this victim before EMS personnel arrive?

answer

minimize chance of shock

question

answer

apply an additional pressure bandage to absorb the blood

question

You find an adult victim who requires CPR but is also bleeding severely. CPR takes priority over severe bleeding care.

answer

false

question

Identify the correct order of steps when caring for a victim with severe bleeding.

answer

apply gloves followed by direct pressure and a pressure bandage over the wound

question

Minor internal bleeding can be cared for by-

answer

applying an ice pack to the injured area to help reduce pain and swelling

question

Your text defines a delayed-help situation as one in which emergency assistance is-

answer

delayed for more than 30 minutes

question

When help is delayed and you are caring for a victim, you should be sure to recheck the victim's condition-

answer

every 15 minutes for conditions that are not life threatening

question

When in a delayed-care situation and caring for a victim with a head, neck or back injury, it is best to-

answer

Stay where you are and wait for rescue personnel to arrive

question

Several factors that you should consider when deciding whether to move a victim yourself include-

answer

the amount of assistance you have the distance to be traveled and the extent of the victim's injuries

question

If medical care is more than 2 hours away you might want to give care for shock by giving a fully conscious adult victim-

answer

about half a cup of cool water or clear juice to sip slowly over a 20-minutes

question

In a delayed-help situation you should perform a head-to-toe exam on an unconscious victim.

answer

true

question

Which is a factor to consider when caring for a victim of substance abuse or misuse?

answer

the victim might become aggressive or uncooperative

question

You should care for victims of substance abuse or misuse using the same general principles recommended for victims of-

answer

poisoning

question

Once you have recognized that an emergency exists and you decide to act, which is the most important action you can perform as a citizen responder?

answer

call 911 or local emergency number

question

You are caring for the victim of an accident when the victim suddenly becomes uncooperative and threatens to hurt you. What should you do?

answer

withdraw and wait for EMS personnel to arrive

question

You pass by the scene of a car accident and notice that there appears to be another citizen responder at the scene. As a bystander, not a first responder, what action could you take?

answer

offer to call 911 or the local emergency number or direct EMS personnel to the scene

question

The citizen responders first step in an emergency is-

answer

recognizing that an emergency exists

question

A child is eating a piece of candy and appears to start choking on it. You determine that the child is, indeed, choking. What should you do?

answer

perform cycles of 5 back blows and 5 abdominal thrusts until the candy is dislodged or the child becomes unconscious

question

While giving back blows and chest thrusts to a conscious victim with an airway obstruction, it is acceptable to perform a finger sweep if you see the object in the victim's mouth.

answer

false

question

answer

help him rest in a comfortable position

question

You are unable to properly place your hands to give abdominal thrusts to a conscious adult who is choking because the victim is obese or pregnant. What do you do?

answer

give 5 chest thrusts

question

If a choking victim is unable to cough, speak or breathe-

answer

ask the victim to lean forward allowing you to administer 5 back blows

question

Which of the following is the correct order of care for an unconscious adult with an obstructed airway.

answer

perform 30 chest compressions, open mouth, perform a finger sweep if you see the object, give 2 rescue breaths

question

Where do you position the head of a conscious infant who you have determined is choking?

answer

so that the infant's head is lower than his or her chest

question

What should you do for a person who appears to be choking but can cough forcefully or is wheezing?

answer

stay with the person and encourage the person to continue coughing/breathing

question

How can you best care for a person in respiratory distress until EMS personnel arrive at the scene?

answer

assist the victim in taking any prescribed medication he or she might have for his or her medical condition, if necessary, and try to keep the victim calm

question

When giving care to an unconscious infant, you attempt to give 2 rescue breaths but the breaths do not go in.

answer

re-tilt the head and give another rescue breath

question

When giving care to a conscious choking victim, he or she may become unconscious if the object is not removed. If this happens you should call 9-1-1 and then-

answer

open the victim's mouth and look for an object removing it if you see it

question

When would you stop performing modified CPR on a child or infant?

answer

when the rescue breaths cause the chest to clearly rise

question

You should apply ice or a cold pack to all suspected musculoskeletal injuries except when-

answer

doing so would require you to put pressure on an open fracture

question

Which of the following would tend to suggest a serious musculoskeletal injury?

answer

the loss of circulation or sensation in an extremity

question

You suspect that Mary has seriously sprained her knee. To care for Mary, you decide to apply a splint to her leg. The splint should-

answer

include the bones above and below the knee

question

In general, you should elevate a suspected musculoskeletal injury above the level of the heart. You should not elevate an injury when-

answer

you suspect a fracture or dislocated unless it has been immobilized

question

You should move or straighten a limb before applying a splint, since leaving a broken limb in an unusual position can cause the victim additional pain.

answer

false

question

Do not use a mobile phone or radio within 6 feet of the AED.

answer

true

question

You are walking down the street when a young boy collapses in front of you. You come to his aid and discover that he shows no signs of breathing. What should you do?

answer

ask a bystander to call 911 while you start CPR

question

A victim who is in cardiac arrest will -

answer

show no signs of breathing

question

You are performing CPR on an adult victim when you notice that the person shows signs of breathing. How should you continue to care for the victim?

answer

check to see if the victim is breathing normally and, if so monitor the victims airway and breathing

question

Each minute that CPR and defibrillation are delayed reduces a victims chance of survival by-

answer

10%

question

answer

ask the victim if he has a history of heart disease ask the victim what they recently had to eat or drink ask the victim what he was doing when the pain started ****all of the above****

question

The cycle of compressions to breaths in CPR for an adult victim is-

answer

30 compressions for every 2 breaths

question

If your hands are correctly postitioned for CPR, you should feel the notch at the end of the sternum.

answer

false

question

answer

use the clothes drag to pull the victim to a safer location

question

CPR performed on an adult should include chest compressions done at the rate of-

answer

about 100 per minute

question

You find an unconscious child who shows no signs of breathing. Unfortunately, you are alone. What should you do?

answer

perform 2 minutes of care, then call 911 or the local emergency number

question

You must check a victim's pulse before you start CPR.

answer

false

question

You think that a person might be having a heart attack. The first thing you should do is-

answer

have the person stop what he or she is doing and rest comfortably

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