First aid/CPR – Flashcards
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Define PPE
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Personal protective equipment
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Examples of PPE
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Disposable gloves, cpr breathing barrier, eye protection
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Which sign/symptom means 911 should be called?
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Altered level of consciousness
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What must you obtain from a conscious adult before giving care
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Consent
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What are reasons for moving a victim
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To provide proper care To gain access to other injured victims Immediate danger to you or the victim
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What is not a reason to move a victim
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To make an injured limb fit a specific splint
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Which move is appropriate for moving victim with spinal injury
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Clothes drag
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Shock, or hyperfusion, is a condition that results when the body is able to supply an adequate amount of oxygen to vital organs
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False, when too little blood flow to the brain or other vital organs
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If a patient refuses care after you have asked for consent you are legally prohibited from calling 911
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False; if person needs help, you should back up and call 911, and monitor the situation.
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If a person loses consciousness do you have implied consent?
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True
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As you approach a scene you smell something burning and see a strange cloud of vapor. You should call 911 and enter the scene?
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False, call 911 and surgery the scene and stay a safe distance from scene
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What does BSI stand for
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Body substance isolation
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What is one fear that people have that prevents them from giving care?
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Fear of doing something wrong
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What is the first step when providing care for any emergency?
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Scene size-up (BSI, scene is safe)
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If unconscious adult has possible respiratory concern, what additional should be taken in primary assessment?
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Give 2 initial breaths like with a child or infant
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After you size-up scene and put your gloves on what do you do next?
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Obtain consent by stating your name, level of training, and asking if you can help them
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Do you need consent if a victim is conscious?
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Yes, everytime
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It is not necessary to call 911 for an open fracture where bone is protruding from the skin
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False, risk of infection, sever blood loss, risk of shock progression, and permanent disability associated with these types of injuries merit a 911 call
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What are you looking for during a primary assessment
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Life threatening conditions
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What sign/symptoms indicate that you should perform CPR on victim?
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No pulse, no breathing
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If someone vomits during care you should immediately..
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Turn them as a unit onto their side
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If unconscious victim is breathing and has a pulse how should leave them face up unless they vomit or you must leave the scene
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True, if they vomit or must leave the scene put them in modified HaInes recovery position
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You always evaluate loc Abe's during primary assessment, but which should you evaluate first?
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LOC, level of consciousness relates to vital signs
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When giving care to an unconscious 8 year old who is not breathing, you should give 1 breath every ____ seconds?
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Every 3 seconds
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For an unconscious adult who is not breathing you should give breaths one every___seconds
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Every 5 seconds
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It is acceptable to use a Bag-valve-mask alone if other rescuer is not available?
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False, BVM is only for 2-rescuers!!
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What is the compression rate for unconscious choking for a child or infant?
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100 compressions per minute
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After positioning reduce mask what should you do next?
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Seal the mask
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Can victim be on soft surface for CPR?
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Must be on flat surface
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Why do you need to make sure that an unconscious choking victim is on a firm flat surface?
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To ensure the compressions will be effective
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What is the correct position for abdominal thrust during conscious adult/child choking
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The middle of the abdomen, just above the naval
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During conscious choking for an infant the head should be positioned below the chest to allow gravity to help dislodge the object
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True
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What is the universal sign for choking?
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Clutching the throat with one or both hands
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If you give a ventilation and it does not make the chest rise, you should
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Reposition the airway and give another ventilation
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What if both breaths do not go in?
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You should start unconscious choking care
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BVM is beneficial for both the victim and reducer, but care must be taken to prevent over-ventilation
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True
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What are the depth of conersion a when giving CPR?
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At least 2 inches for adult About 2 inches for child About 1/2 inches for infant
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What are the correct steps for cardiac chain of survival?
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1.early recognition of emergency 2.early CPR 3.early defibrillation 4.early advanced medical care
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When performing CPR you should____ to ensure that your compressions will be effective.
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Allow chest to fully recoil between compressions
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Why let the chest fully recoil?
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To allow the chambers of the heart to refill before next compression
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Rate of chest compressions for adult/child/infant is?
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100 compressions per minute
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Where should hands be places when performing CPR on an infant?
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One hand on forehead, and the other hand use 2to 3 fingers for compressions
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When performing CPR and see and obvious sign of life what should you do?
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Stop CPR and monitor victims condition. Re-assess pulse and breathing
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When do you perform CPR?
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When victim has no pulse and/or is not breathing
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If you hear popping or cracking when performing CPR what is wrong?
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Your compressions are too deep
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Should you stop performing CPR?
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No, continue. Rib breaking is sometimes a result of correct compression depth
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What is the emergency contact phone number in Great Britain?
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999
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Washington state good semeratan law
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If they don't survive you are covered by this law
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What is the proper hand hygiene?
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Wash hands to prevent infection Wash for about 20 seconds
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What are the three steps in an emergency
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Size up scene Primary assessment Summon advance medical personnel
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What is respiratory distress
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When someone has difficulty breathing
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What is respiratory arrest?
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When heart stops beating
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How should you open an airway of a person who has spinal injury?
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Jaw thrust
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When do you perform rescue breathing?
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Pulse but no breathing
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What is the number one killer in the U.S.?
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Cardiovascular disease
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What are the two most common cardiovascular diseases?
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CHD and stroke
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What is coronary heart disease?
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When plaque builds up
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How do you remove objects in mouth if can see them?
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Finger sweep
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What do you say when you are doing 2-reducer CPR?
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Change instead of 30 for adult, and change instead of 15 for child or infant
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How many compressions and breath for 2-rescuer CPR?
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30 compressions 2 breaths for adult 15 compressions 2 breaths for children
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When do you perform hands only CPR?
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When no breathing, very tiring, uncomfortable providing ventilation
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What are the two most common abnormal heart rhythms?
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V-tech and v-fib
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What is a heart attack?
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When arteries become blocked
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What do you say when AED is analyzing, or shocking?
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"Stand clear"
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You arrive at a scene where another trained rescuer is performing CPR on an unconscious victim. What should you do?
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Ensure that advanced medical care has been summoned
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T/f: Once you have turned on AED you should attach pads to the victim and allow the device to analyze the heart.
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True
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T/f: should you always remove piercings from victims chest before applying AED?
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False, apply pads avoiding piercings as much as possible
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What is the rate of compressions for 2-rescuer CPR on an infant?
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15:2
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T/f: if you notice a medicine patch on a victims chest you should use a gloved hand to remove it before placing the AED pads.
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True
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After attaching AED pads to victim, and plugging in if necessary, you should..
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Tell everyone to stand clear!!
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What is the normal conduction of electrical impulses through the heart called?
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A normal sinus rhythm(NSR)
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What is the most likely cause of cardiac arrest in adults?
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Cardiovascular disease
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What is the most likely cause of cardiac arrest in children?
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Uncorrected respiratory arrest
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What is the compression rate of 2-rescuer CPR for child or infant?
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100 compressions per minute
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What is the ratio of compressions on an adult during 2-rescuer CPR?
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30:2
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Define hypoxia
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An insufficient amount of oxygen delivered to the cells
