question

almost 80% of animal bites

answer

dogs are responsible

question

dog bites yearly

answer

5 million

question

bite deaths yearly in US

answer

19

question

2 results from animal bite

answer

tissue damage & infection

question

2 examples of dog bite infections

answer

tetanus and rabies

question

Why are cat bites more infectious?

answer

sharp teeth create deep puncture wounds

question

ferrets can cause

answer

severe facial injuries to children

question

wild or stray dogs

answer

rarely involved in fatal attacks

question

rabies

answer

a virus in warm-blooded animals, spread through saliva

question

significant rabies exposure if

answer

bite or scratch penetrates the skin

question

unprovoked attacks

answer

more likely from rabid animal

question

possibly rabid 1

answer

unprovoked attack

question

possibly rabid 2

answer

animal acted strangely, out of character

question

possibly rabid 3

answer

a high risk species (skunk, raccoon, bat)

question

highest # of deaths per year in the US from animals

answer

48.5 hornet, bee, wasp 18.9 dogs

question

report animal bites

answer

to police or animal control

question

recognizing animal bites 1

answer

puncture wound

question

recognizing animal bites 2

answer

tissue or skin can be crushed

question

recognizing animal bites 3

answer

open wound on fingers, knuckles and/or hand

question

1st care for animal bites

answer

if wound not bleeding heavily, wash with soap and water flush with faucet water

question

2nd care for animal bites

answer

control bleeding with direct pressure

question

3rd care for animal bites

answer

cover wound with sterile or clean dressing. Do not close the wound

question

4th care for animal bites

answer

seek medical care

question

do not try to

answer

capture the animal yourself

question

do not get

answer

near the animal

question

do not, unless absolutely necessary

answer

kill the animal

question

human bites

answer

can cause severe injury

question

most human bites

answer

fighting youths, peeps in mental institutions, sexual assaults, children at play

question

high risk for infection from a human bite because

answer

embarrassment causes them to not seek medical care

question

accidental or sports related human bites

answer

25%

question

1st type of human bite

answer

true bite

question

What is a true bite?

answer

body's flesh deliberately caught between teeth

question

2nd type of human bite

answer

clenched fist injury

question

Is a clenched fist injury or true bite much worse?

answer

a clenched fist injury because high rate of infection

question

1st care for human bites

answer

if not bleeding heavily, wash with soap and water for 5-10 minutes

question

2nd care for human bites

answer

flush wound with running faucet water

question

3rd care for human bites

answer

control bleeding with direct pressure

question

4th care for human bites

answer

cover the wound with sterile dressing. Do not close the wound

question

5th care for human bites

answer

seek medical care for further cleaning and tetnus shot

question

How many peeps die worldwide from snake bites each year?

answer

50,000

question

In the US, how many peeps bitten each year by snakes?

answer

40,000 - 50,000

question

venomous snake bites each year in the US

answer

7,000 - 8,000

question

How many peeps in US die from snake bites yearly?

answer

less than a dozen

question

4 venomous snakes in the US

answer

rattlesnake, copperheads, water moccasins, coral snakes

question

snake bites can be

answer

painful, costly, potentially deadly

question

venomous viper snake characteristics

answer

fangs, elliptical pupil, triangle-shaped head, heat sensitive pit b/w eye and nostril

question

coral snake

answer

red, yellow and black bands, every other band is yellow

question

coral snakes are found

answer

in Arizona, southeastern US and Texas

question

a legitimate snake bite

answer

bitten before the encounter was recognized

question

an illegitimate snake bite

answer

victim recognized the encounter but did not attempt to move away

question

pit vipers are found

answer

in every state but Alaska, Maine, Hawaii

question

to reduce severity of snake bites

answer

wear jeans

question

What percentage of snake bites are on the extremities?

answer

98

question

eastern and western diamondback rattlesnakes

answer

account for 95% of deaths in US

question

sign of pit viper bite 1

answer

severe burning pain at the bite site

question

sign of pit viper bite 2

answer

two small puncture wounds about 1/2 inch apart

question

sign of pit viper bite 3

answer

swelling within 10-15 minutes

question

sign of pit viper bite 4

answer

discoloration after 2-3 hours, blood-filled blisters in 6-10 hours

question

sign of pit viper bite 5

answer

nausea, vomiting, sweating, weakness

question

sign of pit viper bite 6

answer

in 25% of bites, there is no venom injected

question

1st care for pit viper bites

answer

get victim and bystanders away from the snake

question

2nd care for pit viper bites

answer

do not attempt to capture or kill the snake

question

3rd care for pit viper bites

answer

keep the victim quiet, activity increases venom absorption carry victim or have them walk slowly

question

4th care for pit viper bites

answer

gently wash with soap and water, jewelry reducing blood flow should be removed

question

5th care for pit viper bites

answer

stabilize the bitten area with a splint or sling, keep extremity below heart level

question

6th care for pit viper bites

answer

seek medical care immediately. Antivenom must be given within 4 hours. This is the most important thing to do!

question

for a snake bite, do not 1

answer

apply cold or ice

question

for a snake bite, do not 2

answer

use the cut and suck procedure

question

for a snake bite, do not 3

answer

apply mouth suction

question

for a snake bite, do not 4

answer

use any form of suction

question

for a snake bite, do not 5

answer

apply electric shock

question

for a snake bite, do not 6

answer

apply a constriction bandage

question

dead snakes

answer

can still bite

question

America's most venomous snake that rarely bites people

answer

coral snake

question

recognizing coral snake bites 1

answer

minimal pain

question

recognizing coral snake bites 2

answer

sagging or drooping of upper eyelids

question

recognizing coral snake bites 3

answer

weakness

question

recognizing coral snake bites 4

answer

prickling, tingling of skin

question

recognizing coral snake bites 5

answer

double vision

question

recognizing coral snake bites 6

answer

difficulty swallowing

question

recognizing coral snake bites 7

answer

sweating

question

recognizing coral snake bites 8

answer

abnormal flow of saliva

question

1st care for coral snake bites

answer

keep victim calm

question

2nd care for coral snake bites

answer

gently clean with soap and water

question

3rd care for coral snake bites

answer

apply mild pressure by wrapping several elastic bandages over the bite site and entire arm or leg

question

Why should mild pressure be applied for a coral snake bite?

answer

pressure holds venom at bite site, it limits the pumping action of the muscles

question

4th care for coral snake bites

answer

seek medical care. Antivenom or coral snakes is no longer produced in the US

question

nonvenomous snakes inflict

answer

the most snake bites

question

recognizing nonvenomous snake bites 1

answer

feeling of a mild to moderate pinch

question

recognizing nonvenomous snake bites 2

answer

curved lines of tiny pinpricks on the skin

question

recognizing nonvenomous snake bites 3

answer

bleeding

question

recognizing nonvenomous snake bites 4

answer

mild itching

question

1st care for nonvenomous snake bites

answer

gently clean with soap and water

question

2nd care for nonvenomous snake bites

answer

care for the bite as you would a minor wound

question

3rd care for nonvenomous snake bites

answer

seek medical care

question

insect stings

answer

account for more deaths and illnesses than all other venomous animals combined

question

hymenoptera venom

answer

1 in 200 dangerously allergic

question

most common consequences of an insect bite

answer

localized pain, itching, swelling

question

honeybees and bumblebees do not

answer

release all their venom during the first injection

question

honeybees and some yellow jackets

answer

have barbed stingers

question

wasps, yellow jackets, hornets and fire ants

answer

do not have barbed stingers, they do not stay embedded in victim

question

Who can sting multiple times?

answer

wasps, hornets, fire ants, some yellow jackets

question

2 types of yellow jackets

answer

wasp, ground-nesting bee

question

a wasp can

answer

sting multiple times

question

a ground-nesting bee

answer

stings, then dies

question

most stings cause

answer

pain, itching, redness, swelling in local area

question

an extensive sting reaction

answer

swelling and redness peaks 2-3 days later and last a week or longer

question

signs of life-threatening sting reactions

answer

nausea, vomiting, wheezing, fever, dripping nose

question

deaths from flying insect stings

answer

respiratory tract obstruction

question

most people who have an anaphylactic shock

answer

have no history of them (85%)

question

for the severely allergic person

answer

a single sting could be fatal within minutes

question

killer bees

answer

no more potent, just more aggressive

question

recognizing insect stings 1

answer

instant pain, redness, itching

question

recognizing insect stings 2

answer

worrisome reactions include hives, swelling of lips, tongue, tickle in the throat, wheezing

question

recognizing insect stings 3

answer

life threatening include bluish or grayish skin colors, seizures, unresponsiveness, inability to breathe

question

60-80% of anaphylactic deaths

answer

victim not being able to breathe

question

fire ants

answer

use an abdominal stinger

question

a difficulty in dealing with stings

answer

lack of uniformity in victims' responses

question

stings to the mouth or eye

answer

more dangerous than other areas

question

the most dangerous sting

answer

inside the throat

question

sting in the mouth or throat is not life threatening

answer

have victim suck on ice or flush mouth with cold water bee sting dissolve teaspoon of baking soda in glass of water

question

1st care for insect stings

answer

wear medic-alert bracelet if allergic to insect stings

question

2nd care for insect stings

answer

look for stinger and venom sac embedded in the skin remove asap by any method

question

3rd care for insect stings

answer

wash with soap and water

question

4th care for insect stings

answer

apply ice pack over sting site if bee sting, use a baking soda paste if wasp sting,apply vinegar or lemon juice

question

5th care for insect stings

answer

to relieve pain and itching, use aspirin, acetaminophen or ibuprofen for adults

question

6th care for insect stings

answer

observe victim for at least 30 minutes for signs of allergic reaction

question

for an allergic reaction

answer

dose of epinephrine is the only effective treatment

question

if the victim is allergic

answer

seek medical care immediately, keep stung part lower than the heart, use epinephrine kit if possible, check breathing

question

if anaphylaxis returns

answer

another dose of epinephrine every 15 min may be needed

question

7th care for insect stings

answer

do not use epinephrine unless victim has a severe allergic reaction

question

8th care for insect stings

answer

watch for signs of a delayed reaction, especially the first 6 to 24 hours

question

death from spider bites

answer

only from brown recluse and black widows

question

most potent venoms

answer

from black widow spiders

question

recognizing black widow spider bites 1

answer

if spider is trapped against the skin, or crushed it will bite

question

recognizing black widow spider bites 2

answer

may feel a sharp pinprick, within 15 min, a dull, numbing pain develops

question

recognizing black widow spider bites 3

answer

two small fang marks may be seen as tiny red spots

question

recognizing black widow spider bites 4

answer

within 15 min to 4 hrs, muscle stiffness and cramps occur, and severe pain

question

recognizing black widow spider bites 5

answer

headache, fever, chills, heavy sweating, dizziness, and vomiting occur next

question

1st care for black widow spider bites

answer

catch spider if possible, take with victim to the hospital

question

2nd care for black widow spider bites

answer

clean bite area with soap and water or rubbing alcohol

question

3rd care for black widow spider bites

answer

place ice pack over the bite to relieve pain and delay venom effects

question

4th care for black widow spider bites

answer

give adults aspirin, ibuprofen or acetaminophren

question

5th care for black widow spider bites

answer

monitor breathing

question

6th care for black widow spider bites

answer

seek medical care asap, an antivenom exists

question

recognizing brown recluse spider bites 1

answer

bites only when trapped against the skin

question

recognizing brown recluse spider bites 2

answer

local reaction occurs within 2-8 hours, mild to severe pain, redness, swelling, local itching

question

recognizing brown recluse spider bites 3

answer

48-72 hours later, blistering develops, becomes red, then bursts, bull's eye appearance

question

recognizing brown recluse spider bites 4

answer

fever, weakness, vomiting, joint pain, and rash can occur

question

recognizing brown recluse spider bites 5

answer

stomach cramps, nausea, vomiting may occur. death is rare

question

1st care for brown recluse spider bites

answer

catch spider, bring with victim to hospital

question

2nd care for brown recluse spider bites

answer

clean bite area with soap and water or rubbing alcohol

question

3rd care for brown recluse spider bites

answer

place ice pack over the bite area

question

4th care for brown recluse spider bites

answer

give adult aspirin, ibuprofen or acetaminophen

question

5th care for brown recluse spider bites

answer

seek medical care immediately

question

recognizing tarantula bites and embedded hairs

answer

aching or stinging pain, hairs cause itching or inflammation that lasts several weeks

question

1st care for tarantula bites and embedded hairs

answer

catch spider, take with victim to the hospital

question

2nd care for tarantula bites and embedded hairs

answer

clean with soap and water or rubbing alcohol

question

3rd care for tarantula bites and embedded hairs

answer

place ice pack over bite area

question

4th care for tarantula bites and embedded hairs

answer

give adult aspirin, ibuprofen, or acetaminophen

question

5th care for tarantula bites and embedded hairs

answer

seek medical care immediately

question

1st care for embedded tarantula hair

answer

remove hair with sticky tape, repeat as necessary

question

2nd care for embedded tarantula hair

answer

wash with soap and water

question

3rd care for embedded tarantula hair

answer

apply hydrocortisone cream

question

4th care for embedded tarantula hair

answer

give pain medication, aspirin for adults or ibuprofen or acetaminophren

question

5th care for embedded tarantula hair

answer

give victim an antihistamine

question

recognizing common aggressive house spider bites

answer

redness, blisters, gangrene, headaches, visual problems, weakness

question

1st care for common aggressive house spider bites

answer

catch spider, take with victim to the hospital

question

2nd care for common aggressive house spider bites

answer

clean with soap and water or rubbing alcohol

question

3rd care for common aggressive house spider bites

answer

place ice pack over the bite area

question

4th care for common aggressive house spider bites

answer

give aspirin, ibuprofen, or acetaminophren

question

5th care for common aggressive house spider bites

answer

seek medical care immediately

question

only bark scorpion

answer

poses a threat to humans

question

scorpion stings

answer

could include paralysis, spasms, breathing difficulties

question

if child gets scorpion sting

answer

get to medical care asap, make sure airway is open and they are breathing

question

recognizing scorpion stings 1

answer

local immediate pain and burning around sting site

question

recognizing scorpion stings 2

answer

numbness or tingling later on

question

recognizing scorpion stings 3

answer

pain in the arm or leg and paralysis

question

recognizing scorpion stings 4

answer

uncontrolled jerking movements of legs or arms and facial twitching

question

1st care for scorpion stings

answer

monitor breathing

question

2nd care for scorpion stings

answer

gently clean the sting site with soap and water or rubbing alcohol

question

3rd care for scorpion stings

answer

apply an ice pack

question

4th care for scorpion stings

answer

give (adults only) aspirin, ibuprofen or acetaminophen

question

5th care for scorpion stings

answer

seek medical care

question

only US centipede dangerous to humans

answer

giant desert centipede

question

centipedes inject toxic substances

answer

from a pair of hollow jaws that act like fangs

question

recognizing centipede bites 1

answer

burning and local inflammation, mild swelling of the lymph nodes lasting 4-12 hrs. swelling and tenderness can last 3 weeks, and come and go

question

1st care for centipede bites

answer

clean with soap and water

question

2nd care for centipede bites

answer

apply an ice pack

question

3rd care for centipede bites

answer

give aspirin, ibuprofen or acetaminophen

question

4th care for centipede bites

answer

seek medical care for severe reactions

question

in the US, mosquitoes carry

answer

encephalitis

question

1st care for mosquito bites

answer

wash with soap and water

question

2nd care for mosquito bites

answer

apply an ice pack

question

3rd care for mosquito bites

answer

apply calamine lotion or hydocortisone ointment to decrease redness and itching

question

4th care for mosquito bites

answer

for victim with lots of bites or allergic reaction, antihistamine every 6 hrs or physician-prescribed cortisone

question

ticks are close relatives of

answer

mites and spiders

question

1st care for embedded ticks

answer

remove them asap with tweezers or tick removal tool

question

2nd care for embedded ticks

answer

grasp the tick as close to the skin as possible, then lift with just enough force to tent the skin, hold until the tick lets go, (about 1 min) then pull the tick away from the skin

question

after the tick has been removed

answer

wash with soap and water, apply rubbing alcohol, then an ice pack, apply calamine lotion, watch for 1 month for rash

question

if tick was not effectively pulled out gently

answer

seek medical care for removal, watch for signs of infection 3-30 days later, seek medical care

question

the knot method

answer

can be used to remove a tick is tweezers or tick removal tool are unavailable

question

do not remove a tick using these methods

answer

using petroleum jelly, fingernail polish, rubbing alcohol, a hot match, gasoline, grab the rear of its body, twist or jerk

question

lyme disease is caused by

answer

deer ticks

question

most shark attacks occur

answer

within 100 feet of shore

question

recognizing a shark bite

answer

severe bleeding, large open wounds, abrasions

question

care for shark bites

answer

control bleeding, treat for shock, seek medical care

question

first aid for barracuda bite

answer

same as aid for shark bite

question

recognizing barracuda and moray eel bites 1

answer

barracuda lacerations similar to those of a shark

question

recognizing barracuda and moray eel bites 2

answer

eel bites involve severe, multiple puncture wounds

question

1st care for barracuda and moray eel bites

answer

flush with water under pressure

question

2nd care for barracuda and moray eel bites

answer

control bleeding

question

nematocysts

answer

stinging devices of jellyfish and Portuguese man-of-wars

question

Portuguese man-of-war sting

answer

linear welts or scattered patches of welts with redness, usually disappear within 24 hrs

question

jellyfish sting

answer

severe muscle cramping, thin lines of welts in a zigzag pattern, burning pain lasting 10-30 min

question

jellyfish sting welts

answer

usually disappear within an hour

question

anemone stings

answer

result from improper handling

question

recognizing marine stings 1

answer

stinging

question

recognizing marine stings 2

answer

severe itching, burning

question

recognizing marine stings 3

answer

prickling, tingling

question

recognizing marine stings 4

answer

blisters

question

recognizing marine stings 5

answer

severe allergic reactions

question

recognizing marine stings 6

answer

difficulty breathing

question

recognizing marine stings 7

answer

muscle cramping

question

recognizing marine stings 8

answer

nausea, vomiting

question

1st care for marine stings

answer

apply vinegar to the sting area for at least 30 seconds or baking soda paste

question

2nd care for marine stings

answer

use hot water immersion for at least 20 min to reduce pain

question

3rd care for marine stings

answer

apply hydrocortisone (1%) several times a day

question

do not try to rub

answer

the tentacles off the victim's skin

question

do not use

answer

fresh water for rinsing, causes nematocysts to fire

question

do not apply cold packs

answer

causes nematocysts to fire

question

do not touch the tentacles

answer

with bare hands

question

recognizing stingray punctures

answer

sudden, intense pain, open wound, swelling

question

1st care for stingrays

answer

relieve pain by immersing in hot water for 30-90 min

question

2nd care for stingrays

answer

wash with soap and water

question

3rd care for stingrays

answer

irrigate with water under pressure to remove toxin and foreign material

question

4th care for stingrays

answer

treat wound like any other puncture wound

First Aid chapter 19 – Flashcards

Unlock all answers in this set

Haven't found what you were looking for?

Search for samples, answers to your questions and flashcards