Final Practice Quiz Test Questions – Flashcards
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Urine is eliminated through the ____.
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urethra
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The citric acid cycle occurs in the ____.
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mitochondrial matrix
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Complexes of fatty acids, monoglycerides, and bile salts in the lumen of the jejunum are called
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micelles
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Nephrons located close to the medulla with long nephron loops are called ____ nephrons
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juxtamedullary
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As the filtrate passes through the renal tubules, approximately what percentage is reabsorbed and returned to the circulation?
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99%
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The lipoproteins that carry absorbed lipids from the intestinal tract to the bloodstream are ____.
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chylomicrons
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Blockage of the common hepatic duct by a gallstone would interfere with digestion of ____.
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fats
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The greater omentum is ____.
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a fatty sheet that hangs like an apron over the abdominal viscera
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The study of the flow of energy and its transformations is called ____.
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energetics
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Glomerular (bowman) capsule and the glomerulus make up the ____.
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renal corpuscle
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The enzyme amylase digests ____.
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polysaccharides
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The ____ is a capillary bed which carries blood in the opposite direction as the flow of the tubular fluid in the nephron loop (Loop of Henle)
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vasa recta
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An intestinal hormone that stimulates the gallbladder to release bile is ____.
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cholecystokinin
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The primary function of the proximal convoluted tubule is ____.
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reabsorption of ions, organic molecules, vitamins, and water
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The prominent ridges in the lining of the empty stomach are called ____.
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rugae
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The end products of aerobic respiration are ____.
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carbon dioxide, water, and ATP
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The bulk of each tooth consists of mineralized matrix similar to that of bone called ____.
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dentin
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The portion of the stomach that extends superior to the lower esophageal sphincter is the ____.
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fundus
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The ability to form concentrated urine depends on the functions of the ____.
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loop of Henle and the collecting duct
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Lipogenesis in humans cannot produce linoleic acid and linolenic acid. These nutrients must be obtained from dietary sources and are therefore good examples of ____.
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essential fatty acids
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Circular folds and intestinal villi ____.
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increase the surface area of the mucosa of the small intestine
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Lipoproteins that carry mostly cholesterol to peripheral tissues are called ____.
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low-density lipoproteins
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The stomach is able to distend a great deal as it receives food because of the presence of ____.
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rugae
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The intestinal hormone that stimulates the pancreas to release a watery, bicarbonate-rich pancreatic juice is ____.
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secretin
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____ carry excess cholesterol from peripheral tissues to the liver for further processing and elimination.
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high-density lipoproteins
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The portion of the nephron that empties into the collecting duct is the ____.
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distal convoluted tubule
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Most of the ATP from metabolism is produced in the ____.
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electron transport system
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A glomerulus is ____.
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a knot of capillaries within the renal corpuscle
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The urinary system does all of the following except
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excreting excess albumin molecules
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The intestinal villi are most developed in the ____.
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jejunum
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Glucose and amino acids can be absorbed from the digestive tract and a renal tubule by the process of ____ involves a carrier protein that can transport a molecule across the cell membrane down its concentration gradient.
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facilitated diffusion
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The region of the stomach that empties into the duodenum is the ____.
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pylorus
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Match the gastric phase on the left (1-3)
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1 and 5; 2 and 6; 3 and 4
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When the level of ADH decreases
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the osmolarity of the urine decreases
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Antidiuretic hormone
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increases the permeability of the collecting ducts to water
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Adult human normally have ____ secondary teeth
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32
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All of the biochemical processes going on within the human body at any given time is called ____.
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metabolism
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Functions of the stomach include all of the following except
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absorptions of triglycerides
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The taenia coli are ____.
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longitudinal bands of smooth muscle in the colon wall
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Carbohydrate digestion begins in the ____.
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mouth
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Each of the following is a function of the liver except
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synthesis and secretion of pepsinogen
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Which organ is responsible for dehydration and compaction of indigestible materials?
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large intestine
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Functions of the large intestine include
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reabsorption of water and compaction of feces
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The main force that causes filtration in a nephron is ____.
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glomerular hydrostatic pressure
