final – Microbiology Flashcards with Answers
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| The use of nitrate by e coli is important to the organism because |
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| it is a final electron acceptor |
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| fermentation differs from respiration in that |
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| fermantation does not require oxygen |
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| electrons from oxidative phospurylation can originate from? |
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| the krebs cycle and glycolysis |
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| anergy is stored as |
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| atp |
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| bacterial photosynthesis does not produce |
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| oxygen |
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| an M-RNA that codes for a particular protein will have |
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| 3 nucleotides for each amino acid in the protein |
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| the production of RNA from DNA as a template is known as? |
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| transcription |
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| T OR F: glucose is an antigen |
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| FALSE |
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| T OR F a regulatory gne is not a part of the operon. |
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| TRUE |
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| competance is..? |
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| the ability of cells to take up DNA fragments |
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| an HFR cell has... |
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| an integrated F factor |
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| what does ligase do? |
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| it seals the sticky ends of DNA |
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| Plasmids are? |
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| closed loops of DNA,accesory genetic info, used for genetic engineering, and are restriction endonucleases |
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| Exotoxins are NOT...? |
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| a part of the cell wall |
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| Endotoxins are made of? |
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| lipids and polysaccharides and are a part of the cell wall |
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| a newborn baby |
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| is colonized with common microbiota within a few days of birth |
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| T OR F, staphylococci can form a bot clot via coagulase |
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| TRUE |
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| T OR F, antibodies are NOT inate |
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| TRUE |
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| what does complement not do? |
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| it does not stimulate the antibody formation |
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| what antibody crosses the placenta? |
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| IGG |
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| T OR F: cell mediated immunity involves T cell activity |
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| TRUE |
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| what idoes not make a vaccine? |
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| antibodies |
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| an example of a conjugated vaccine is...? |
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| HIB-D |
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| in type 1 hypersensitivity, what is happening? |
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| IGE antibodies bind to mast cells |
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| an induration is |
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| typical of a tuberculin test and it thickening and drying of the skin |
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| what does not cause contact dermatitis? |
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| food |
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| rheumatic fever is a...? |
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| complication of streptococcal pharyngitis |
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| a paroxism is...? |
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| a rapid fire cough, found in pertussis |
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| the manoux test identifies? |
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| TB exposure |
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| Salpingitis is associated with |
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| gonorrhea and sterility |
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| endoginous actinomycete causes diseases and conditions such as |
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| lumpy jaw |
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| in order to map the e oli chromosome we must interupt |
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| conjugation |
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| what antibody is first on the scene? |
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| igM |
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| type 1 hypersensitivity has ? |
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| IgM |
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| basophils are not involved with |
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| type IV hypersensitivity |
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| diptheria does not have |
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| tubercles |
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| the release of a genome is via |
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| uncoating |
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| HIV is |
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| integrated into the host and converts RNA to DNA |
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| cholera requires |
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| a LARGE inoculum |
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| tetanus is not associated with? |
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| DPT |
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| letospirosis is not transmited via |
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| a tick |
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| gonorrhea does not have a? |
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| cancre |
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| sterilized filtration may still have? |
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| bacterial toxins |
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| formations of arthrospores is due to? |
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| coccidiodomycosis |
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| x rays and y rays make? |
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| organoperoxides |
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| ultrasonifications kills microorganisms via? |
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| cavitation |
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| what is a dry sterilizer? |
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| ethylene oxide |
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| how does sulfanilamide inhibite bacteria? |
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| it synthesizes folic acid |
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| what does clindamycin treat? |
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| anaerobic infections |
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| cephalosporins |
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| inhibite cell wall production |
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| tetracyclines cause? |
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| gray syndrome |
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| aflatoxin is produced by ? |
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| aspergillus flavus and is carcinogenic |
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| what do aldehydes do? |
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| they inactivate proteins and nucleic acids |
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| trimethoprim and sulfamethoxaxole are examples of? |
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| sulfanamides and folic acid |
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| what blocks cell wall synthesis? |
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| tetracyclines |
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| what bloks protein synthesis? |
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| rifampin |
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| coxiella burnetti does NOT...? |
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| cause a skin reaction |
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| ricketsia does not require? |
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| glucose |
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| trachoma is nto treated with? |
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| pennicilin |
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| epidemics of influenza are due to? |
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| a drift of H and N antigen spikes |
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| chlamydia does not have? |
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| infectious reticulate bodies |
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| viral envelopes are aquired via? |
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| going through the envelope |
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| amphotericin does not treat? |
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| ergotism |
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| crytomegalo virus's cross? |
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| the placenta |
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| omain archea does not have; |
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| archeal |
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| hepatitis does not have |
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| an incubation |
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| when you have rabies you don't have a problem...? |
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| swallowing |
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| smut is found with |
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| crops |
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aspergillus is not associated with? |
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| arthospores |
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| histoplasmosis is not associated with? |
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| vaginitus |
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| rhizobium is a genus that carries out nitrogen fixiation and....? |
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| converts nitrogen gas to ammonia |
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| a conjugated vaccine is... |
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| HIB |
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| acid fast bacterium that is tuberculoid is...? |
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| leprosy |
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| e coli and gram negative enteric rods cause? |
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| UTI's |
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| ultraviolet rays decontaminate? |
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| benches |
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| silver nitrate is used on? |
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| babies eyes |
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| plasmids...? |
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| replicate with chromosome and contain antibiotic resistance |
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| generation time is during...? |
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| log time |
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| ATP synthesis is not during...? |
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| kreb cycle |
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| ATP molecules don't have a |
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| cofactor |
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| transcription is... |
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| RNA synthesis |
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| competance is... |
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| the ability of the recipiant cell to take up DNA |
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| streptomyces prduces |
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| well known antibiotics |
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| chlamidia and ricketsia are...? |
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| obligate intracellular parasites |
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| rock mountain fever does not have...? |
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| elementary bodies |
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| you cannot cultivate virus's on a; |
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| blood agar plate |
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| influenza undergoes..? |
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| antigenic |
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| cyrptomegalo virus does not cause; |
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| yellow fever |
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| ABC virus does nto cause...? |
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| hepatitis |
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| rabies does not have an..? |
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| incubation period twice |
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| muchrooms are? |
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| basidiomycetes |
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| micronazole is...? |
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| not an antifungal drug |
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| babesiosis does not cause? |
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| diarrhea |
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| you can get toxoplasmosis via...? |
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| contact with a cat |
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| T OR F: contaminated water is more dangerous than polluted water |
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| true |
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| bacteria are invovled with? |
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| carbon cycle, nitrogen cycle, and sulfur cycle |
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| fimbae and pilli and made from? |
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| proteins |
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| oxidative phospuralization does not include? |
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| pyruvic acid |
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| eukaryotes have... |
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| 80 ribosomes |
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| T OR F: all stephococcus aureus are pathogenic |
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| TRUE |
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| t cells synthesize |
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| antibodies |
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| botulism causes? |
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| food poisoning |
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| cholera has? |
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| cramps and diahrea |
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| anaphalaxis would not occur without... |
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| release from mast cells |
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| bacteriophages have been found in lysogenic relationships with; |
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| diptheria and scarlet fever |
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| typhid fever is not found in? |
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| barnyard animals |
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| leptospirosis is found in |
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| barnyard animals |
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| a spirochette is |
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| leptospirosis |
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| leprosy belongs to the same genus as the; |
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| tubercle |
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| trachoma is; |
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| ;a chlamydial disease of the eye |
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| plasmids are NOT |
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| essential to the growth of the cell |
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| e coli has |
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| 4000 genes |
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| the development of lysogeny depends on |
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| a temperate phage |
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| T OR F: conjugations are more common than transformations |
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| true |
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| the rolling circle of DNA takes place during |
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| bacterial conjugation |
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| a parasite pruducing...? |
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| steptokinase would enhance the spreading of that parasite |
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| antibody immunity takes place in the ? |
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| blood |
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| the cell surface of a b lymphocyte is; |
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| an antibody molecule |
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| IGA is found ind? |
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| tears and the mucus |
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| monoclonal cells are |
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| hybridomal cells |
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| during sensitizing... |
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| IgE molecules attach to basophils and mast cells |
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| mycobacterium is...? |
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| acid fast |
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| botulism prevents the release of? |
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| ach |
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| clostridium perfringins has |
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| gas in the muscle tissue |
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| ECM is found with; |
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| lyme disease |
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| when f- mates with f+ is converted to? |
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| f- |
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| adhesins are found on? |
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| flagella, pilli, and capsules |
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| endotoxins do nto produce good? |
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| toxoids |
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| UV light causes dimers between |
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| thymine |
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| type III hypersensitivity is associated with? |
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| acute glomerularnephritis |
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| a complication of streptococcus pharyngitis is; |
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| rheumatic fever |
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| tubuculosis does not have; |
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| toxoids |
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| what causes food poisoning? |
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| staphylococcal toxins |
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| cereus |
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| ;;pore forming motile rod |
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| tularemia does not have...? |
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| spirochettes |
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| okakazi gragments form during? |
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| the replication fo the bacterial chromosome |
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| genes existing on plasmids may be included for ? |
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| ntibiotic resistance and toxin production |
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| what is not needed for genetic engineering? |
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| mitochondria |
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| normal flora are not found? |
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| in the stomach and blood |
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| the movement of genetic segments is thought to increase the? |
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| variety of b lymphocytes |
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| the phagocytic part of the antibody is? |
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| the FC fragment |
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| what are phagocytes? |
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| polymorphonuclear, monocytes, and RES cells |
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| c3 is the most abundant; |
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| serum complement |
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| diptheria interupts; |
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| protein sysnthesis |
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| legionares is found in |
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| standing water |
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| botulism does not have? |
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| muscle spasms |
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| staphococcal enterotoxins are the most? |
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| heat resistant |
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| archea live? |
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| under extreme enviornments |
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| gram staining? |
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| lets you identify different types of bacteria |
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| yeast are not; |
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| a bacteria |
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| commerical foos are sterilized via? |
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| gamma rays |
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| metchnikof did? |
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| phgocytosis |
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| snow did? |
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| contaminated water supplies |
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| ivanowsky helped identify? |
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| viruses |
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| autotrophic bacteria are found in? |
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| unpolluted water |
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| LPS has? |
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| a gram negative membrane |
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| bacteria reproduce via? |
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| binary fission |
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| archeal cells have a ? |
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| mono layer |
