FIN 165 Midterm (CH 1,5) – Flashcards
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1) Financial globalization has not resulted in: A) continuing imbalances of balance of payments. B) an increase in quantity and speed in the flow of capital across the world. C) capital markets less open and a decrease in the availability of capital for many organizations. D) uniform ways of ownership, control, and governance across the world.
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D
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BRICs is a term used in international finance to represent assets that are considered to be inexpensive and sturdy, but fundamentally unsound and and incapable of coping with the upheavals now apparent in international financial markets.
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False
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Multinational enterprises (MNEs) are firms, both for profit companies and not-for-profit organizations, that have operations in more than one country, and conduct their business through foreign subsidiaries, branches, or joint ventures with host country firms.
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TRUE
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4) Ownership, control, and governance changes radically across the world. The publicly traded company is not the dominant global business organization—the privately held or family-owned business is the prevalent structure—and their goals and measures of performance differ dramatically.
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true
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1) A well-established, large U.S.-based MNE will probably NOT be able to overcome which of the following obstacles to maximizing firm value? A) an open market place B) high quality strategic management C) access to capital D) none of the above
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D
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A well-established, large China-based MNE will probably be most adversely affected by which of the following elements of firm value? A) an open marketplace B) high-quality strategic management C) access to capital D) access to qualified labor pool
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A
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3) A well-established, large, Brazil-based MNE will probably be most adversely affected by which of the following elements of firm value? A) an open marketplace B) high-quality strategic management C) access to capital D) access to qualified labor pool
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c
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4) A major cost avoided in the eurocurrency markets is the payment of deposit insurance fees, such as: A) Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation - FDIC B) Office of the Comptroller of the Currency - OCC C) International Monetary Fund
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A
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5) The modern eurocurrency market was born shortly after: A) World War II B) World War I C) Korean War D) Bosnian War
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A
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6) The reference rate of interest in the eurocurrency market is the: A) London Interbank Offered Rate B) Prima rate C) Federal funds rate D) Treasury rate
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A
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7) Interest spreads in the eurocurrency market are small for many reasons EXCEPT: A) Eurocurrency loans are secured loans. B) Eurocurrency deposits and loans are made in amounts of $500,000 or more on an unsecured basis. C) The eurocurrency is a wholesale market. D) Borrowers are usually large corporations or government entities.
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A
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8) Your authors suggest that one way to characterize the global financial marketplace is through its assets, institutions, and linkages.
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true
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9) Eurocurrencies are domestic currencies of one country on deposit in a second country.
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true
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A eurodollar deposit is a demand deposit.
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false
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Eurocurrency markets serve two valuable purposes: 1) Eurocurrency deposits are an efficient and convenient money market device for holding excess corporate liquidity; and 2) the Eurocurrency market is a major source of short-term bank loans to finance corporate working capital needs, including the financing of imports and exports.
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true
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The key factor attracting both depositors and borrowers to the Eurocurrency loan market is the narrow interest rate spread within that market.
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TRUE
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The Eurocurrency market continues to thrive because it is a large international money market relatively free from governmental regulation and interference. Recent events may lead to greater regulation.
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true
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1) The theory that suggests specialization by country can increase worldwide production is: A) the theory of comparative advantage. B) the theory of foreign direct investment. C) the international Fisher effect. D) the theory of working capital management.
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A
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2) Which of the following is NOT a reason governments interfere with comparative advantage? A) Governments attempt to achieve full employment. B) Governments promote economic development. C) national self-sufficiency in defense-related industries D) All are reasons governments interfere with comparative advantage.
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D
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3) Which of the following factors of production DO NOT flow freely between countries? A) raw materials B) financial capital C) (non-military) technology D) All of the above factors of production flow freely among countries.
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A
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4) Which of the following would NOT be a way to implement comparative advantage? A) IBM exports computers to Egypt. B) Computer hardware is designed in the United States but manufactured and assembled in Korea. C) Water of the greatest purity is obtained from wells in Oregon, bottled, and exported worldwide. D) All of the above are examples of ways to implement comparative advantage.
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D
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5) Of the following, which would NOT be considered a way that government interferes with comparative advantage? A) tariffs B) managerial skills C) quotas D) other non-tariff restrictions
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b
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6) The concept of absolute comparative advantage's origins lie in: A) Adam Smith's work of 1776 B) David Ricardo's work of 1776 C) The Wealth of Nations book, published in 1887 D) On the Principles of Political Economy and Taxation book, published in 1817
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A
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7) The concept of relative comparative advantage's origins lie in: A) Adam Smith's work of 1776 B) David Ricardo's work of 1776 C) The Wealth of Nations book, published in 1887 D) On the Principles of Political Economy and Taxation book, published in 1817
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D
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Comparative advantage is one of the underlying principles driving the growth of global business.
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true
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The theory of comparative advantage owes it origins to Ben Bernanke as described in his book The Wealth of Bankers.
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false
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10) International trade might have approached the comparative advantage model in the 19th century, and it does so even more today.
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false
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11) Comparative advantage shifts over time as less developed countries become more developed and realize their latent opportunities.
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true
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12) Comparative advantage in the 21st century is based more on services and their cross border facilitation by telecommunications and the Internet.
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true
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13) Comparative advantage was once the cornerstone of international trade theory, but today it is archaic, simplistic, and irrelevant for explaining investment choices made by MNEs.
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false
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14) When discussing comparative advantage, it is apparent that today at least two of the factors of production, capital and technology, now flow directly and easily between countries, rather than only indirectly through traded goods and services.
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true
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15) It would be safe to make the statement that modern telecommunications now take business activities to labor rather than moving labor to the places of business.
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true
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As the general principle of comparative advantage is still valid, complete specialization remains a realistic case. Answer:
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FALSE
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1) Which of the following domestic financial instruments have NOT been modified for use in international financial management? A) currency options and futures B) interest rate and currency swaps C) letters of credit D) All of the above are domestic financial instruments that have also been modified for use in international financial markets.
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D
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2) Which of the following is not always understood by MNE management? A) Culture, history, and institutions B) Political risk C) Foreign exchange risk D) Financial instruments
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A
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MNEs must modify finance theories like cost of capital and capital budgeting because of foreign complexities. Answer:
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TRUE
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4) Relative to MNEs, purely domestic firms tend to have GREATER political risk. Answer:
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FALSE
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5) Domestic firms tend to make GREATER use of financial derivatives than MNEs because they can bear the greater risk presented by these financial instruments. Answer:
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FALSE
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Because countries have different financial regulations and customs, it is common for MNEs to apply their domestic rules and regulations when doing financial business in a foreign country. Answer:
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FALSE
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A number of financial instruments that are used in domestic financial management have been modified for use in international financial management. Examples are foreign currency options and futures, interest rate and currency swaps, and letters of credit. Answer:
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TRUE
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Domestic firms do not have foreign exchange risk. Answer:
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FALSE
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1) In determining why a firm becomes multinational there are many reasons. One reason is that the firm is a market seeker. Which of the following is NOT a reason why market-seeking firms produce in foreign countries? A) satisfaction of local demand in the foreign country B) satisfaction of local demand in the domestic markets C) political safety and small likelihood of government expropriation of assets D) All of the above are market-seeking activities.
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C
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2) ________ investments are designed to promote and enhance the growth and profitability of the firm. ________ investments are designed to deny those same opportunities to the firm's competitors. A) Conservative; Aggressive B) Defensive; Proactive C) Proactive; Defensive D) Aggressive; Proactive
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C
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3) In determining why a firm becomes multinational there are many reasons. One reason is that the firm is a raw material seeker. Which of the following is NOT a reason why raw material seeker extract raw materials in foreign countries? A) They extract raw materials wherever they can be found to export from the host country. B) They extract raw materials wherever they can be found for sale in the host country. C) They extract raw materials wherever they can be found for further processing in the host country. D) All of the above.
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D
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4) For firms competing in a world characterized by oligopolistic competition, strategic motives can be subdivided into proactive and defensive investments. Answer:
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TRUE
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5) Defensive measures are designed to enhance growth and profitability of the firm itself. Answer:
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FALSE
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6) In determining why a firm becomes multinational there are many reasons. One reason is that the firm is a knowledge seeker. They operate in foreign countries to exploit existing technological expertise. Answer:
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FALSE
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The five strategic motives driving the decision to invest abroad and become an MNE (market seekers, raw material seekers, production efficiency seekers, knowledge seekers, and political safety seekers) are mutually exclusive. Answer:
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FALSE
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1) The phase of the globalization process characterized by imports from foreign suppliers and exports to foreign buyers is called the: A) domestic phase. B) multinational phase. C) international trade phase. D) import-export banking phase.
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C
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2) The authors describe the multinational phase of globalization for a firm as one characterized by the: A) ownership of assets and enterprises in foreign countries. B) potential for international competitors or suppliers even though all accounts are with domestic firms and are denominated in dollars. C) imports from foreign suppliers and exports to foreign buyers. D) requirement that all employees be multilingual.
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A
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3) A firm in the International Trade Phase of Globalization: A) makes all foreign payments in foreign currency units and all foreign receipts in domestic currency units. B) receives all foreign receipts in foreign currency units and makes all foreign payments in domestic currency units. C) bears direct foreign exchange risk. D) none of the above
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C
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4) Of the following, which was NOT mentioned by the authors as an increase in the demands of financial management services due to increased globalization by the firm? A) evaluation of the credit quality of foreign buyers and sellers B) foreign consumer method of payment preferences C) credit risk management D) evaluation of foreign exchange risk
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B
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5) The twin agency problems limiting financial globalization are caused by these two groups acting in their own self-interests rather than the interests of the firm. A) rulers of sovereign states and unsavory customs officials B) corporate insiders and attorneys C) corporate insiders and rulers of sovereign states D) attorneys and unsavory customs officials
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C
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6) Typically, a firm in its domestic stage of globalization has all financial transactions in its domestic currency. Answer:
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TRUE
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7) Typically, a "greenfield" investment abroad is considered an investment having a greater foreign presence than a joint venture with a foreign firm. Answer:
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TRUE
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8) The authors argue that financial inefficiency caused by influential insiders may prove to be an increasingly troublesome barrier to international finance. Answer:
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TRUE
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9) The authors describe a process for development of a MNE that begins with a purely domestic phase, followed by the multinational phase, and topping out with the international trade phase. Answer:
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FALSE
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10) Today it is widely assumed that there are NO LIMITS to financial globalization. Answer:
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FALSE
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The growth in the influence and self-enrichment of organizational insiders is seen as an impediment to the growth of financial globalization in general. Answer:
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TRUE
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12) The actions of corporate insiders and the actions of rulers of sovereign states are both agency costs that act as an impediment to the growth of globalization. Answer:
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FALSE
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1) Which of the following is NOT true regarding the market for foreign exchange? A) The market provides the physical and institutional structure through which the money of one country is exchanged for another. B) The rate of exchange is determined in the market. C) Foreign exchange transactions are physically completed in the foreign exchange market. D) All of the above are true.
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d
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2) A/An ________ is an agreement between a buyer and seller that a fixed amount of one currency will be delivered at a specified rate for some other currency. A) Eurodollar transaction B) import/export exchange C) foreign exchange transaction D) interbank market transaction
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C
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3) The ________ is the mechanism by which participants transfer purchasing power between countries, obtain or provide credit for international trade transactions, and minimize exposure to the risks of exchange rate changes. A) futures market B) federal open market C) foreign exchange market D) LIBOR
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c
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4) Which of the following is NOT a motivation identified by the authors as a function of the foreign exchange market? A) the transfer of purchasing power between countries B) obtaining or providing credit for international trade transactions C) minimizing the risks of exchange rate changes D) All of the above were identified as functions of the foreign exchange market.
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d
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5) Business firms in countries with exchange controls, for example, China (mainland), often must surrender foreign exchange earned from exports to the central bank at the daily fixing price. Answer:
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TRUE
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1) While trading in foreign exchange takes place worldwide, the major currency trading centers are located in: A) London, New York, and Tokyo. B) New York, Zurich, and Bahrain. C) Paris, Frankfurt, and London. D) Los Angeles, New York, and London.
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A
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2) The authors identify two tiers of foreign exchange markets: A) bank and nonbank foreign exchange. B) commercial and investment transactions. C) interbank and client markets. D) client and retail market.
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C
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3) It is characteristic of foreign exchange dealers to: A) bring buyers and sellers of currencies together but never to buy and hold an inventory of currency for resale. B) act as market makers, willing to buy and sell the currencies in which they specialize. C) trade only with clients in the retail market and never operate in the wholesale market for foreign exchange. D) All of the above are characteristics of foreign exchange dealers.
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b
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4) Which of the following may be participants in the foreign exchange markets? A) bank and nonbank foreign exchange dealers B) central banks and treasuries C) speculators and arbitrageurs D) all of the above
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d
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5) ________ seek to profit from trading in the market itself rather than having the foreign exchange transaction being incidental to the execution of a commercial or investment transaction. A) Speculators and arbitrageurs B) Foreign exchange brokers C) Central banks D) Treasuries
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A
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6) In the foreign exchange market, ________ seek all of their profit from exchange rate changes while ________ seek to profit from simultaneous exchange rate differences in different markets. A) wholesalers; retailers B) central banks; treasuries C) speculators; arbitrageurs D) dealers; brokers
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c
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7) Foreign exchange ________ earn a profit by a bid-ask spread on currencies they purchase and sell. Foreign exchange ________, on the other hand, earn a profit by bringing together buyers and sellers of foreign currencies and earning a commission on each sale and purchase. A) central banks; treasuries B) dealers; brokers C) brokers; dealers D) speculators; arbitrageurs
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B
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________ are agents who facilitate trading between dealers without themselves becoming principals in the transaction. A) Central banks B) Foreign exchange brokers C) Arbitrageurs D) Foreign exchange dealers
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B
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9) Because the market for foreign exchange is worldwide, the volume of foreign exchange currency transactions is level throughout the 24-hour day. Answer:
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FALSE
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10) Foreign exchange markets are a relatively recent phenomenon, beginning with the agreement at Bretton Woods. Answer:
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FALSE
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Dealers in foreign exchange departments at large international banks act as market makers and maintain inventories of the securities in which they specialize. Answer:
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TRUE
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Currency trading lacks profitability for large commercial and investment banks but is maintained as a service for corporate and institutional customers. Answer:
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FALSE
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13) The primary motive of foreign exchange activities by most central banks is profit. Answer:
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FALSE
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14) Banks, and a few nonbank foreign exchange dealers, operate ONLY in the interbank markets. Answer:
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FALSE
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Dealers in the foreign exchange departments of large international banks often function as "market makers." Such dealers stand willing at all times to buy and sell those currencies in which they specialize and thus maintain an "inventory" position in those currencies. Answer:
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TRUE
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Currency trading is a service center rather than a profit center for commercial and investment banks. Answer:
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FALSE
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17) For individuals and firms involved in the import and export of goods and services ,using the foreign exchange market is necessary, but incidental, to their underlying commercial or investment purpose. Answer:
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TRUE
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18) Most transactions in the interbank foreign exchange trading are primarily conducted via telecommunication techniques and little is conducted face-to-face. Answer:
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TRUE
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1) ________ are NOT one of the three categories reported for foreign exchange. A) Spot transactions B) Swap transactions C) Strip transactions D) Futures transactions
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C
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2) A ________ transaction in the foreign exchange market requires an almost immediate delivery (typically within two days) of foreign exchange. A) spot B) forward C) futures D) none of the above
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A
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3) A ________ transaction in the foreign exchange market requires delivery of foreign exchange at some future date. A) spot B) forward C) swap D) currency
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B
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4) A forward contract to deliver British pounds for U.S. dollars could be described either as ________ or ________. A) buying dollars forward; buying pounds forward B) selling pounds forward; selling dollars forward C) selling pounds forward; buying dollars forward D) selling dollars forward; buying pounds forward
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C
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5) A common type of swap transaction in the foreign exchange market is the ________ where the dealer buys the currency in the spot market and sells the same amount back to the same bank in the forward market. A) "forward against spot" B) "forspot" C) "repurchase agreement" D) "spot against forward"
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D
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6) The ________ is a derivative forward contract that was created in the 1990s. It has the same characteristics and documentation requirements as traditional forward contracts except that they are only settled in U.S. dollars and the foreign currency involved in the transaction is not delivered. A) nondeliverable forward B) dollar only forward C) virtual forward D) internet forward
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A
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7) Which of the following is NOT true regarding nondeliverable forward (NDF) contracts? A) NDFs are used primarily for emerging market currencies. B) Pricing of NDFs reflects basic interest rate differentials plus an additional premium charged for dollar settlement. C) NDFs can only be traded by central banks. D) All of the above are true.
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C
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8) A ________ transaction in the interbank market is the simultaneous purchase and sale of a given amount of foreign exchange for two different value dates. A) spot B) forward-forward C) swap D) futures
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C
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A spot transaction in the interbank market for foreign exchange would typically involve a two-day delay in the actual delivery of the currencies, while such a transaction between a bank and its commercial customer would not necessarily involve a two-day wait. Answer:
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TRUE
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10) Nondeliverable Forwards were originally envisioned as a method of currency speculation, but it is now estimated that 70% of NDFs are trading for hedging purposes. Answer:
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FALSE
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In general, NDF markets normally develop for country currencies having large cross-border capital movements, but still subject to convertibility restrictions. Answer:
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TRUE
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12) NDFs are traded and settled inside the country of the subject currency, and therefore are within the control of the country's government. Answer:
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FALSE
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13) A contract to deliver dollars for euros in six months is both "buying euros forward for dollars" and "selling dollars forward for euros." Answer:
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TRUE
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1) Daily trading volume in the foreign exchange market was about ________ per ________ in 2013. A) $5,300 billion; month B) $3,300 billion; month C) $5,300 billion; day D) $3,300 billion; day
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C
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2) The greatest volume of daily foreign exchange transactions are: A) spot transactions. B) forward transactions. C) swap transactions. D) This question is inappropriate because the volume of transactions are approximately equal across the three categories above.
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C
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3) The United Kingdom and United States together make up nearly ________ of daily currency trading. A) 30% B) 40% C) 50% D) 60%
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D
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4) The top three currency pairs traded with the U.S. dollar are: A) U.K. pound, Chinese Yuan, Japanese yen. B) Swiss franc, euro, Japanese yen. C) U.K. pound, euro, Japanese yen. D) euro, Chinese Yuan, Japanese yen.
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C
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5) The greatest amount of foreign exchange trading takes place in the following three cities: A) New York, London, and Tokyo. B) New York, Singapore, and Zurich. C) London, Frankfurt, and Paris. D) London, Tokyo, and Zurich.
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A
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6) The four currencies that constitute about 80% of all foreign exchange trading are: A) U.K pound, Chinese yuan, euro, and Japanese yen. B) U.S. dollar, euro, Chinese yuan, and U.K. pound. C) U.S. dollar, Japanese yen, euro, and U.K. pound. D) U.S. dollar, U.K. pound, yen, and Chinese yuan.
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C
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7) As you might expect, the foreign exchange daily trading volume in in New York City is roughly twice as large as the daily trading volume in London. Answer:
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FALSE
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The low level of interest rates around the globe in recent years, combined with slowing economic growth and new debt issuances, has had a dampening impact on the swap market. Answer:
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FALSE
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9) Since the global financial crisis of 2008-2009, the Chinese renminbi (yuan) has become the most widely traded currency with the U.S. dollar surpassing the euro, yen, and pound as dollar trading pairs. Answer:
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FALSE
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10) Swap and forward transactions account for an insignificant portion of the foreign exchange market. Answer:
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FALSE
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1) A foreign exchange ________ is the price of one currency expressed in terms of another currency. A foreign exchange ________ is a willingness to buy or sell at the announced rate. A) quote; rate B) quote; quote C) rate; quote
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C
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2) Most foreign exchange transactions are through the U.S. dollar. If the transaction is expressed as the foreign currency per dollar this known as ________ whereas ________ are expressed as dollars per foreign unit. A) European terms; indirect B) American terms; direct C) American terms; European terms D) European terms; American terms
answer
D
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3) The following is an example of an American term foreign exchange quote: A) $20/£ B) €0.85/$ C) ¥100/€ D) none of the above
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A
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4) From the viewpoint of a British investor, which of the following would be a direct quote in the foreign exchange market? A) SF2.40/£ B) $1.50/£ C) £0.55/€ D) $0.90/€
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C
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5) A/an ________ quote in the United States would be foreign units per dollar, while a/an ________ quote would be in dollars per foreign currency unit. A) direct; direct B) direct; indirect C) indirect; indirect D) indirect; direct
answer
D
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6) If the direct quote for a U.S. investor for British pounds is $1.43/£, then the indirect quote for the U.S. investor would be ________ and the direct quote for the British investor would be ________. A) £0.699/$; £0.699/$ B) $0.699/£; £0.699/$ C) £1.43/£; £0.699/$ D) £0.699/$; $1.43/£
answer
A
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7) ________ make money on currency exchanges by the difference between the ________ price, or the price they offer to pay, and the ________ price, or the price at which they offer to sell the currency. A) Dealers; ask; bid B) Dealers; bid; ask C) Brokers; ask; bid D) Brokers; bid; ask
answer
B
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8) (CH 5) Refer to Table 5.1. The current spot rate of dollars per pound as quoted in a newspaper is ________ or ________. A) £1.4484/$; $0.6904/£ B) $1.4481/£; £0.6906/$ C) $1.4484/£; £0.6904/$ D) £1.4487/$; $0.6903/£
answer
C
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9) Refer to Table 5.1. The one-month forward bid price for dollars as denominated in Japanese yen is: A) -¥20. B) -¥18. C) ¥129.74/$. D) ¥129.62/$.
answer
D
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10) Refer to Table 5.1. The ask price for the two-year swap for a British pound is: A) $1.4250/£. B) $1.4257/£. C) -$230. D) -$238.
answer
B
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11) Refer to Table 5.1. According to the information provided in the table, the 6-month yen is selling at a forward ________ of approximately ________ per annum. (Use the mid rates to make your calculations.) A) discount; 2.09% B) discount; 2.06% C) premium; 2.09% D) premium; 2.06%
answer
C
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Given the following exchange rates, which of the multiple-choice choices represents a potentially profitable intermarket arbitrage opportunity? ¥129.87/$ €1.1226/$ €0.00864/¥ A) ¥115.69/€ B) ¥114.96/€ C) $0.8908/€ D) $0.0077/¥
answer
B
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13) The U.S. dollar suddenly changes in value against the euro moving from an exchange rate of 0.8909/€ to $0.8709/€. Thus, the dollar has ________ by ________. A) appreciated; 2.30% B) depreciated; 2.30% C) appreciated; 2.24% D) depreciated; 2.24%
answer
C
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14) A German firm is attempting to determine the euro/pound exchange rate and has the following exchange rate information: USD/pound = $1.5509/£ and the USD/euro rate = $1.2194/€. Therefore, the euro/pound rate must be: A) £1.2719/€. B) €1.2719/£. C) €0.7316/£. D) €0.7863/£.
answer
B
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15) The European and American terms for foreign currency exchange are square roots of one another. Answer:
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FALSE
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16) When the cross rate for currencies offered by two banks differs from the exchange rate offered by a third bank, a triangular arbitrage opportunity exists. Answer:
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TRUE
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17) A confusing "quirk" of international exchange rates occurs when calculating the percentage change in spot rates from one period to another. The percent change in the spot rate from one period to another when quoted using foreign currency terms is always greater than the percent changes quoted when using home currency terms. Answer:
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FALSE
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18) The most commonly quoted currency exchange is that between the U.S. dollar and the European euro. For example, a quotation of EUR/USD 1.2174. The euro is the base currency and the dollar the price currency. Answer:
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TRUE
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19) Since in the U.S. the home currency is the dollar and the foreign currency is the euro, in New York USD 1.2174 = EUR 1.00 would be a direct quote on the euro and an indirect quote on the dollar. Answer:
answer
TRUE