Family Therapy Goldenberg Ch 1 & 2 – Flashcards
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A Family Systerm
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A system is a set of interacting units or component parts that together make up a whole arrangement or organization
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A family system has:
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its own set of rule assigned and ascribed roles (age, gender, position) organized power structure forms of communication (overt and covert) ways of problem-solving to perform effectively (developmental tasks)
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Enabled family systems
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Succeeds in balancing the family systems needs with the needs of the individual. Finds ways to satisfy the interest of the individual members and maintain the family system
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Disabled family systems
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Fail to meet the individual needs, or do so at the expense of some members. Usually these families are rigid, unstable, or chaotic
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Family Narratives
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A family is a maker of meaning and our individual judgment about what constitutes reality is a function of the beliefs and stories that the family imparts about their experiences.
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Post-Modern View
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No "true" reality, only the family's collectively agreed-upon set of constructions, created through language and knowledge that is relational.
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Family Therapy Perspective
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Regards behavior as part of a sequence of ongoing, interactional, recursive events with no obvious beginning or end (interpersonal perspective). Focus on current, ongoing, transnational patterns in the family.
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Therapeutic Relationship in Family Therapy
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Dyad or Triad. It is the relationship that becomes the focus of therapeutic attention and the target of intervention strategies
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Cybernetic Epistemology
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The systems perspective suggests a cybernetic model as a way to understand and think about human behavior and functioning.
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Cybernetics
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The science of communication and control in humans as well as machines
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First-order cybernetics
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A means of understanding the general principles of how systems of all kinds are self-regulated and maintain their stability. Attention is directed toward structure, patterns of organization, and control through feedback cycles; universal laws or codes were sought to explain what governs all systems
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Gregory Bateson
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Deserves the major credit for seeing how cybernetic principles apply to human communication processes. Began the study of schizophrenia as a relationship phenomenon. Introduced the idea of a double-bind.
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Double-bind
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The view that an individual who receives important contradictory injunctions at different levels of abstractions- about which he or she is unable to comment or escape- is in a no-win, conflict-producing situation
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Linear Causality
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One event causes the next in a unidirected stimulus-response fashion
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Circular Causality
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Problems are bot caused by past situations, but rather by ongoing, interactive, mutually influencing family processes
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Identified Patient
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The symptom bearing person. Representative of a system in disequilibrium
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Second-order cybernetics
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Anyone attempting to observe or change a system is by definition a participant who both influences and in turn is influenced by the system. Objectivity does not exist.
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First-order
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suggests that it is possible to influence another person or family by using this or that technique. (strategic family therapy)
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Second-order
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Therapist include themselves as part of what must change; they do not stand outside
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Family life cycle
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Generations have a life-shaping impact on each other as families move through family life stages. Families can expect periods of transition and change. The dilemmas that families confront are embedded in social class and culture-bound narratives
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Developmental Tasks
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conflicts that develop within a family may signal the family's inability to negotiate a particular life cycle passage or transition point. The family may have become stuck between stages of the life cycle and in need of reorganizing in order to better accommodate to the needs of the changing family.
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Family Life Cycle Framework
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Leaving home:single young adults Joining of families through marriage: new couple Families with young children Families with adolescents Launching children and moving on Families in later life
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Strucutural Perspective
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Problems develop within a family with a dysfunctional structure (unclear boundaries). The family encounters a transition point, but lacks the flexibility to adapt to the changing conditions
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Strategic perspective
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view symptoms as a signal that the family is unable to move on to the next stage. View individual symptomatology as coming from an interruption in the family's normal developmental process and thus is likely to direct their efforts to helping the family as a whole resole the impasse that they are experiencing as a group.
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Life cycle stages: Married Couple
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commitment to each otehr
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Life cycle stages: Childbearing family
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developing parent roles, accepting child's personalioty
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Life cycle stages: Preschool children
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introducing child to insitutions
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Life cycle stages: school children
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schools, church, sports group
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Life cycle stages: teenagers
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accepting adolescence, experimenting with independence
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Life cycle stages: launching children
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...accepting child's independent adult role
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Life cycle stages: middle-aged parents
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letting go, facing each other
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Life cycle stages: aging family members
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accepting old age
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Vertical Stressors
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patterns of relating and functioning transmitted historically through generations (family attitudes, stories, secrets, etc). Top down
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Horizontal Stressors
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The events experienced by the family as it moves forward through time, coping with changes and transitions in the life cycle. The predictable developmental stresses, as well as, the unexpected, traumatic ones. Across time
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Other families- single parents
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1 in 4 families, the fastest growing family type in US; greatest difference is disparity in economic well-being
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Binuclear family
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Joint legal custody. Divorce does not end family unit, but restructures it. Have own tasks in life cycle
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Remarried families
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Most stepfamilies have distinctive problems: reorganizing and restructuring a complex and dynamic network of relationships
